Goodbye, Peter 2.0!The first true Buberg in the world announced death

Author:Netease Technology Time:2022.06.21

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Author | Liang Xiaojiu

Produced | Ai Faner

Five years after the diagnosis diagnosis, Peter Scott-Morgan, a British scientist, announced his death recently.

On June 15, Peter's family announced this unfortunate news through Twitter:

I told everyone sadly that Peter died peacefully with his family and friends. He was extremely proud of all the people who support him, and the vision of changing people's views of disability.

If Peter's life is compared to a movie, there are about two style of painting.

Before 2017, Peter was a small and successful robot scientist. He had a PhD in the Empire Institute of Technology in London. He published 8 related books and held more than 1,000 speeches worldwide.

In 2017, Peter was diagnosed with felmeal, and the doctor judged that he had only 6 months left. He was unwilling to recognize his fate. He transformed himself into a semi -human and semi -mechanical through multiple operations, and evolved into Peter 2.0 with the help of technologies such as eye tracking, voice synthesis, and virtual incarnation.

Take yourself as a mouse, turn science fiction into reality, and bring encouragement and dawn to people with disabled ... Although there are many unprepared wish, Peter's life stopped at the age of 64.

this moment,

He decided to be Suber

Let Peter's torture frozen disease is called muscle atrophy side sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease (MND), which is more cruel than cancer.

With the development of the disease, the patient's brain and spinal cord motor neurons will gradually degenerate, causing muscle atrophy. In the end, the body will not be able to move, speak or eat, or even breathe.

Hawking, a well -known physicist, was trapped on a wheelchair for most of his life.

In 1963, Hawking was diagnosed with felmeal when he was 21 years old

In an interview with DXC Technology online in January this year, Peter only had brain and eyes on the whole body to move normally. He said:

My brain wants to communicate with the outside world madly, but I can only turn my eyes ... Just like I live in my own universe, I can only knock on others to communicate with Moses.

At that time, he supported Peter to complete an interview with a series of external mechanical and technical integration -he connected 4 tube on his body, which was used for eating, breathing and excretion. Eye tracking equipment and Hawking's same AI software help him express his thoughts smoothly. His text thoughts will quickly turn to voice and tell the sound of synthesis; at the same time, Peter's virtual incarnation will make actions such as lip -shaped changes, pauses, and shaking brains according to the voice content.

Peter and his partner interview online

Peter's semi -semi -mechanical form is called Cyborg.

The term Suberg first appeared in 1960, referring to the fusion of humans and machines, which is quite common in science fiction and film and television dramas, such as DC's superhero steel bone and Shao Zuo of "Shell Motor Team".

Unlike the robot (Robot), Siber emphasizes thinking by the human brain and has enhanced the capacity through mechanical accessories.

Picture self -made "Shell Motor Team"

After the diagnosis of felmeal, Peter conducted a lot of information collection, and soon had a whole plan to transform his body. The first step is Tripleostomy.

The so -called triple oral surgery is actually three surgical surgery: gastric oral surgery, colonic lingering, and bladder.

The doctor inserted the tube into his stomach, colon, and bladder, which can not only solve the problem of eating and excretion, but also prolong life; it can also reduce the inconvenience of daily care and make Peter more dignified.

Metropolitan oral schematic diagram

Because there have been similar precedents, Peter's idea of radical adventure has caused great controversy in the British medical community. People cannot understand why he hurts his health organs; at the same time, because surgical anesthesia may bring risks such as respiratory obstacles and worsening condition, doctors have refused to perform surgery for him.

After finally persuasion, in July 2018, after 3 hours and 40 minutes of surgery, Peter had an external system that maintained life. And this unprecedented triple surgery also subverts the treatment direction of the medical community on the treatment of gradual freezing, bringing new thinking.

The documentary "Peter: The Human Cyborg" of the British TV station Channel 4 ", filmed the real state before and after Peter's surgery at the time.

Before the surgery, he said with expectations and said excitedly: I plan to be a humans! This is like a scientific experiment. Regardless of the results of the surgery, we can learn things from it and do better the next time.

After the operation, he lay on the bed with a smile to the camera: Look, this is my new interface, this is the input tube, this is No. 1 output tube, No. 2 output tube ...

Peter 2.0,

Make the best partner with AI

After completing the triple oral surgery, Peter continued to follow the technology he believed and launched a counterattack to fate.

All my early scientific education comes from Dr. Mystery and Star Trek. They taught me: If you are smart and brave enough, and can be exposed to technology, everything is possible.

Peter has been actively voicing and sharing his own scientific experiments with the public

Peter found through data collection and found that the ability to lose his speech most frustrated the patients with frozen disease. Even if the existing text transfer voice software is accurate, it cannot make these souls trapped in the body express personality and communicate emotions.

In 2018, while his ability to speak was not affected, Peter found Dr. Matthew Aylett and CEREPROC who worked as a voice technology research and development expert, and wanted to keep his voice.

In addition, considering the frozen symptoms, Peter will also lose the facial expression, and he also contacted Embody Digital in advance for facial movement capture to make a vivid and realistic 3D virtual body.

Hawking's sound of rigid machine sound, from the voice synthesis technology from 1986, because he could not find a preferred alternative, he used to the last moment of his life.

But Peter is different. He hopes that the sound of his future generations can be like a real human.

Hawking's iconic synthetic machine sound has also appeared in many film and television dramas

It took more than a year before and after the whole project. Peter stayed in the recording studio for several weeks, leaving more than 15 hours of audio, more than 1,000 phrases, and different tone expressions such as calmness, anger, and excitement, and then left AI for learning imitation.

When Aylett delivered the finished product, Peter's speech was a bit difficult. He will undergo full throat resection and lose his voice three months later.

Fortunately, after countless optimizations, Peter's voice synthesis effect is not bad, and they even let the sound sing. Hearing his similar sound sang "Pure Imagination", Peter at that moment was shocked, his eyes were red, and he couldn't speak for a long time.

Peter also needs a solution that allows him to output his thoughts. After all, his finger movement ability is also one of the things he will say goodbye.

At first he was very interested in the brain -machine interface, but found that the output efficiency was too low, and finally decided to choose the eye trace.

Later, Peter met Lama Nachman, head of the Laboratory of Intel's expected calculation laboratory. A few years ago, she upgraded the voice synthesis system for Hawking and developed a context auxiliary perception tool package (ACAT). Previously, Hawking was typed by twisting the cheek muscles, and only one word can be knocked in one minute. After using ACAT, Hawking's speaking speed is doubled -because AI continuously learns Hawking's statement, as long as he enters about 20% of the letters, the system can quickly predict the next word.

This open source software is naturally suitable for Peter to improve communication efficiency.

Nachman has helped Hawking upgrade the voice synthesis system

Nachman found that although they were scientists, Peter and Hawking had a completely different attitude towards AI.

Hawking likes to correct AI. He always wants to master fully control, and he has to say that it must be worse than the word in his mind. And Peter regards AI as a partner, and he is even willing to use AI in more life scenes to see what smart and interesting surprises it can produce.

In Peter's opinion, the relationship between humans and AI is like an actor who is a director VS improvisation.

Peter's autobiography "Peter 2.0", one/4 of its content was written through eye movement tracking

No matter how alert Hollywood blockbusters are alert to artificial intelligence, the director of Peter in front of him seems to have irregular optimism and confidence in AI.

In an interview with a public account, he said:

I believe that the best state of human beings in the future is to work with artificial intelligence together, and become a human-centric artificial intelligence (Human-CENTRIC AI). In other words, artificial intelligence and human harmony are not their respective performances, but they depend on each other and cooperate with each other.

everything's ready. In October 2019, Peter completed a radical full -throat resection surgery. The doctor separated his esophagus and trachea, and received a new tube to breathe. Peter completely lost his voice and officially bid farewell to Peter 1.0.

After 1 month of surgery, Peter announced loudly on the social network: Peter 2.0 has been launched! With a variety of AI blessings, Peter became a complete Cyberge.

I will continue to evolve, as human beings, I have died, and I will continue to survive in the future as Suberg.

When a Suber died,

What will happen?

Peter's death is not unprecedented.

On April 8th, Peter said on the social network: Gradient -free disease has made his eyes difficult to close, because his eyes are dry and cannot be tracked with your eyes to communicate with everyone.

Lenovo staff Ian (left) to help Peter test other alternatives

On May 4th, Nachman brought Intel's brain -machine interface expert Bruna Girvent Peter. In the photo, he put on the brain -machine interface device and was experiencing ideas to communicate.

Intel expectation laboratory director Lama Nachman (left behind), Intel brain machine interface expert Bruna Girvent (right back)

These two tweets actually conveyed a less optimistic news: Peter's condition has further deteriorated. But he still showed a cheerful smile in the photo, and kept optimistic between the lines: I really love high -tech!

If it wasn't for life at the age of 64, Peter would be able to witness more exciting imagination into reality.

Experts are further training the AI used by Peter. When it is stronger, it will be able to distinguish who Peter is talking to, quickly analyze the previous dialogue between the two, and then provide suitable suggestions based on the context.

Peter's voice synthesis is also growing, and it has learned to say that you are good or even fluently singing French songs in Chinese. His new generation of virtual incarnation is more delicate and more realistic, and he will be able to generate facial expressions such as smiles, laughing, and eyebrows according to the real -time voice synthesis and semantics.

In addition, there are more projects now -now--

An AI autonomous driving wheelchair application for automotive industry technology hopes to take Peter to boldly go to the place where there is no wheelchair.

A smart home project tailor -made for Peter will timely perceive Peter's needs and respond through software and hardware technologies such as smart thermostats, smart light bulbs, biosensors.

Peter's transformation from humans to Siber, behind it is a think tank from all over the world from all over the world

In any case, Peter still left countless future revelation for us.

In 2019, Peter founded a charity with his partner, the Scott-Morgan Foundation.

Technical experts, designers, doctors, etc., who once helped Peter complete the transformation of Suberg, as well as company institutions such as Intel, Lenovo, CEREPROC, DXC Technology, and other companies they worked together, they gathered here because of this undefeated human white rats.

Peter refers to these like -minded allies as the Rebels.

Although Peter has left the world, the foundation will continue to operate, and related research will continue.

The rebels will also continue to change the lives of people who are restricted by age, health, disability and other people through high -tech systems such as artificial intelligence, robots, voice synthesis, and virtual reality. The results of mature research will be used in future open source. When a Suber died,

What will happen?

Peter has also thought about this problem. He believes that if there are enough life data records and artificial intelligence has evolved enough maturity, then when the biological level dies, AI can continue his essence and take over everything of him.

When a person's consciousness is closely intertwined with the surrounding technology so closely, perhaps biological death may no longer mean death. This is what I tried to make readers realize. Most people who live today will usher in a new human age.

Peter before triple oral surgery, his condition was not too serious at the time

At the end of the documentary "Peter: The Birth of Human Sai Boger", Peter, who completes the whole throat resection, is waiting for a wheelchair with a three -headed and six -arm to arrive at home.

Camera, eye tracing equipment, voice synthesis ... Peter, like a child who has been looking forward to the long -awaited toys, can't wait to experience it. He said to the camera happily: