Wei Ke: The history of global warming is unprecedented, and the era of climate crisis is coming

What did the earth have experienced in the years of nearly 4.6 billion years? How does the emergence of human beings change to the earth? What is the relationship between humans, climate, and earth? The future is here, it's today! How can each of us face the future of showing today, and even how to make a answer to our offspring.

Wei

Associate Researcher at the Institute of Ghost Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Deputy director

We are not only in 2022 AD, but also in the era of climate crisis for three years! This is human history and a brand new era in the history of the earth.

Many people say, "Why are you three years?" We will explain it in detail later.

In 1998, the college entrance examination just ended. At that time, when I turned on TV and opened the news, I saw the story of Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern. In the Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Fujian River, and the Nenjiang River in the Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Fujian River, and Northeast of our country, the floods in the entire basin were encountered. Finally, the rescue department levied the big rebuts driving on the Yangtze River, filled with coal, sinking the ship on the ship, sinking the ship in the ship, sinking the ship on the ship, sinking this ship on the ship. The decision is to block such a disliede.

Watching all the military and civilians at that time, people leaned against people and blocked the entire flood with their bodies. I was surging at that time, so I chose a meteorological major at that time as my college major. Since then, I have been associated with the weather. Essence

Friends who care about the environment may be concerned in the past two years. The disasters in the past two years seem to be more and more. Disaster type.

For example, just year in 2020, the entire Australia, because of high temperature and drought, led to a serious mountain fire. This mountain fire caused more than 200 people to die and more than 3 billion animals died;

At the same time, in East Africa, a large group of locusts are active. The range of locusts is about 14 million square kilometers. This is the most serious locust accident in East Africa over the past three decades;

In the Bozvana region in South Africa, more than 300 elephants died. The cause of death is very simple, because the high temperature and drought in that place, the cyanobacteria inside the pond is growing crazy;

Throughout the west coast of the United States, the burning of the mountains was very serious, resulting in the migratory birds at that time, and they were forced to migrate before the season. There were more than 100,000 migratory birds;

In the Northeast Harbin of our country, three typhoons went directly to Harbin. We all knew that the typhoon had always been a patent for the southeast coast.

In the past few years, the temperature is too high to have some levels that we can't imagine. The high temperatures of Verhothosk in Russia, Lidton, Canada, and Sicily, Italy feels like the scope of our human beings that can live;

Also last year, everyone remembered that Zhengzhou, Henan, Henan, encountered extreme rainstorms, and the one -hour rainfall reached 201 millimeters. This is a very terrifying rainfall.

Many people are wondering, what happened to our world? According to a report issued by the United Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention Department, in the first two decades of the 21st century, compared with the previous 20 years, the frequency of various disasters increased significantly. Among them, high -temperature events increased by 232%, and heavy rain incidents increased by 134%. The disasters of various storms have increased by 97%, which are very serious disasters. Behind these disasters is a problem we must face, that is, the global temperature is continuously increasing, and it is to accelerate the rise.

(2022) On May 18th, the World Meteorological Organization released the World Climate Report of 2021. Last year, it was 1.11 ° C higher than the temperature before the Industrial Revolution. We are in a gradually warming world.

The world of warming brings stronger storms and more severe extreme climate disasters. Therefore, on December 12, 2020, Mr. Gutres, Secretary -General of the United Nations, called on various countries to enter the emergency of climate.

If this incident is used as a starting point, we can think of 2020 as the first year of the global climate crisis, then this year is the three years of the climate crisis.

Every year's climate crisis becomes more and more serious. Of course, many friends have said that the climate change of the vicissitudes of the sea in the history of the earth. At the most serious, all the global coverage is covered by ice and snow, the thickness of the ice layer in the ocean, and even even It can reach 1,000 meters, we call it "Ice and Snow Earth", so more often there is no ice in the world, which is much hotter than now. This is indeed the case. The climate of our earth will indeed change. We get short -wave radiation from the sun from the sun, and then release long -wave radiation. These two energy reaches a balance. The balance is broken, and the movement of the climate in a certain direction will cause the climate to abnormal.

There are many causes of climate abnormalities. For example, the movement of the earth plate can produce climate abnormalities.

At 750 million years ago, all the land on the world is part of the Rodinia Super continent. This continent is in tropical regions because we know that land is more brighter than the ocean and reflects the sun. So the temperature decreases.

At that time, the whole world entered the situation of the ice and snow earth, and we were called the "Stuart Ice Period". In this ice period, the thickness of the global ocean has a thickness of thousands of meters, and the thickness of the ice layer on the land exceeds two or three kilometers, which is very exaggerated;

Of course, the sector movement will also bring the bulge of the plateau. The Indian sector walked north about 100 million years ago. At 50 million years ago, it collided with the Asian sector, thus forming our towering Himalayas and Qinghai -Tibet. Plateau, the third pole of the world, because the towering mountains are faster, it will consume the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which has caused the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere to slowly decrease since 50 million years. The lower the coming;

At the same time, the outbreak of volcanoes will also bring abnormal global climate. At the time of the two -stacks more than 200 million years ago, the super volcanic outbreak of the Siberian ground shield has lasted about one million years. Until now, this leftover thing in the volcano is about two or three kilometers thick. The range is about two million square kilometers, which causes the biostatic extinction of the end of the second stack, so this is the natural cause of climate change.

Of course, in the past more than a million years, climate changes have experienced the ice and inter -ice period on the earth. The cycle between the climate in the ice and the ice period is a change in the orbit parameters of the earth. , The inclination of the ground axis, and the difference between the age of the earth's orbit.

If we examine our position in the history of the earth, we will find that the vast majority of the earth has no ice, and there are several big ice periods. We are now in the middle of the ice period, called the fourth Ji Ice period;

If we examine the climate change in the past 50 million years, we will find that the temperature has continued to decrease in the past 50 million years. Until now there is no ice from the world, and now the poles have ice. s position.

对于我们现在而言，我们现在所处的位置是一个间冰期之中，如果按照这个地球轨道的参数，做未来的预估的话，未来至少五万年里面，这个轨道参数是稳定的，也就是It is said that we will not enter the ice period, nor will we enter a more serious ice period, but we human beings have appeared!

We humans have changed this process. If we have investigated the evolution of carbon dioxide in the world in the past 800,000 years, we will find that it changes between the two values. The minimum is not less than 170 ppm, and the maximum does not exceed 300 ppm, but in the last 100 years, we have quickly put this quickly to this One value, from 280ppm to today, today should be more than 420ppm. If this changing speed is compared with the fastest increase in the last ice period, the current speed should be more than 100 times the natural process, or even thousands of times.

If we use our lives to metaphorize the abnormal climate, the climate abnormalities that occur in nature in the past are equivalent to dying when we live a hundred years old, and now the climate change we experience is equivalent to our death within two weeks. In the face of people, we will leave for a hundred years, and we will not worry about us and we will not worry, but if we die within two weeks, we must find the reason. Do we want to take it to the hospital immediately? This is the problem we are facing now.

How long will climate change last? If we can reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide in the short term, for example, within a hundred years, as long as it is not lower than zero, as long as it is not negative, it will continue to increase. Increase, it will last hundreds of years. Because carbon dioxide is a long -term greenhouse gas, the global temperature increased by it will continue for hundreds of years, and the rise of the sea level will continue for thousands of years.

It is difficult for everyone to imagine that during the Northern Song Dynasty a thousand years ago, the Song Dynasty people did what we did now. Then the problem we faced now is that what we are doing now, after a thousand years, our descendants have to bear it. Essence

Many people say that your human beings are dead, at most it is to kill us human beings. It has no great impact on the climate and does not have much impact on the earth. The earth is not covenant, but the actual situation is not the case!

Our earth can now form such a vibrant world, the result of the common role of the earth and life. On the earth, the earlier cyanobacteria that can produce photosynthesis can be produced. The land increased, and then the ozone layer began to be on the top of our heads, protecting all the lives on the earth. Therefore, the earth can form this situation in the past. It is now a community of humans and earth. After examining the history of the past earth, we know that every biological extinction has changed the appearance of the earth, so we should now be in the sixth biological extinction, because we are now human activities, which leads to the extinction of creatures far exceeding nature than nature. More than 100 times the speed.

If we cause the sixth biological extinction, then we will eventually be fed back to the ecosystem of the entire earth, which will affect the future of the earth. The vibrant earth may change drastic changes now.

So last year, I was preparing to write a book of an undergraduate science to introduce the children what the climate change has on creatures. As a result, I found that more and more materials were, and climate change almost affected all the lives on the earth. Originally, the original plan was OK to write a book, and I wrote four sets.

The result of our human activities can be reflected in nature, and it can be reflected in the sediment of the earth.

If we are digging the lake now, the sediment under the lake, or the deposition of the offshore, we will find a dividing line. Below this dividing line is all things in nature. Above this dividing line, it includes the products of various human activities, plastic, coal ash, nuclear test radioactive substances, metal, insecticides, and so on.

So in 2000, the Nobel Prize in Chemical Award, Mr. Paul Cruzen, proposed that we are now in a new period of the earth, called "human world", which is different from the period of Jurassic and Baiye. The concept of "human world" soon will become a standard scientific concept, marking the arrival of a new era of the earth.

Where do all our carbon emissions come from now? From our coal burning, oil burning, and natural gas. These things are in nature, especially like coal and oil. It takes tens of millions of years or even hundreds of millions of years to form, but we have burned it, and in minutes!

In the past years, after so many efforts around the world, many people think that our carbon emissions should have dropped? But in fact, we are still in the peak position of carbon emissions, and we are still in a very difficult historical process of carbon emission reduction.

Therefore, from the first year of the first year of the climate crisis, the international community has proposed the goal of carbon neutrality, hoping to reduce the global carbon emissions in the middle of this century to the equal level that can be absorbed from our nature and various ways. That is, carbon neutrality, which is a very difficult task.

Of course, many people think that carbon reduction, such as the government of governments of the United Nations, various countries, leaders of international organizations, and presidents of multinational companies care about, but in fact, carbon emission reduction is related to each of us. It is the constituent molecule in the world. If we do not act, there is no hope of carbon emission reduction in the entire world.

We can do some simple things to play a different role, such as turning off the lights at hand, turning off the electrical appliances, or we change the bath at home to shower 2. Replace our baking clothes with clothes, or if we can choose more reasonable transportation, more exercise, more cycling, we can shop savvy, avoid the impulse to buy and buy, and avoid consumer traps, Or we can recover various resource products, donate items we do not use, do a good job of garbage classification, and reject garbage bags.

To protect our biodiversity, we can all contribute to the world that saves us, and lazy people can also save the world!

In the end, we must estimate how the future climate will change. If we take measures now, we can influence the climate after the next thirty years. We are doing and not doing it now. The climate will change completely after the next three decades, but in the next three decades, the trend of this growth will basically be basically basically. Can't stop, why? Because we have been discharged in the past 100 years, the huge amount of carbon dioxide that is currently discharged has been doomed in the next 30 years.

What should we do? We should do a good job of adaptation. If we know the disaster is coming, we should be prepared for the disaster. For example, in 2020, the floods in the south came again. This time the flood came faster than the floods in 1998, and it was even more urgent, and even the rain was even greater, but we successfully cope with this flood in 2020, our economic losses, our economic losses. Especially our casualties are significantly less than 1998. The reason why we have such a certain force is because we do for this disaster, from 1998 to the present, so many years of preparation, the recovery of infrastructure and ecological environment, including risk management capabilities, the level of our predictions, our prediction level In particular, the consciousness and ability of disaster prevention and disaster prevention and mitigation have been greatly improved compared to 1998. In the next three decades, disasters will be more and more and more extreme, so I call on all our audiences, our friends, and our netizens to improve the awareness and ability of disaster prevention and mitigation. If it is foreseeable, a red warning has occurred, a disaster, a rainstorm, and a mountain flood, we must take it as one thing. This is very, very important.

In the next thirty years, we do a good job of responding to work. Thirty years later, our descendants will have a better future. The various effects of global warming have reached our present, so it is now here.

I have passed the information of the climate crisis to you, do you think and prepare for it?

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