How strong is the "Golden Bell" material in the fire?

Produced ｜ Netease News

Introduction: The legendary "golden bell cover and iron cloth shirt" actually exists, and the secret is a high -performance fiber.

Not long ago, due to extreme high temperature weather, Chongqing mountain fire burned for several days to worry about the whole country. In fact, many daily working environments are also very easy to cause fires due to uncertain factors. Therefore, in the fields of oil, chemical industry, natural gas, gunpowder, medicine and other fields, flame retardant explosion -proof static electricity is an important part of safety protection.

Recently, the "Yizes" in Sinopec's independent intellectual property rights in summer in the summer flame retardant anti -static workwear for the first time has been mass -produced and put into use one after another. What secrets are hidden in the materials?

1. Where is the flame -retardant fabul?

Individual protection equipment is the last line of defense for safety protection. Taking the domestic petrochemical industry as an example, most of the previous flame retardant clothing uses the combination of flame retardant to prepare flame retardant and anti -static uniforms. The flame retardant and anti -static performance of this clothing will gradually lose with the increase and the number of wearing times. However, the cost is relatively low; or the use of foreign imported fabrics to prepare flame retardant anti -static workers, the protection performance is better but the price is high, and it is difficult to promote extensive promotion.

And this time the main material used in summer flame retardant anti -electrostatic uniforms with independent intellectual property rights is the confrontation of the aramid, known as the "unable to penetrate the bullet, the fire can not burn", and successfully broke the foreign flame -retardant anti -static workwear uniforms abroad Long -term technical monopoly fabric.

Aramid Fiber (ARAMID FIBER) is a full name of aromatic polyamide fiber. It is one of the large aramid family. Its brothers and sisters also include aramid and neighboring aramid.

PMTA and PPTA molecular structure comparison

The comparison of the intensive aramid (PMTA) and the PPTA molecular structure of the product that has been realized. The main difference is that the connection position of the C -atom on the benzen ring on the benzen ring is mainly different.

Most of the aramid fiber families have excellent performance, such as ultra -high strength, high temperature resistance, acid resistance, lightness, light weight, insulation, anti -aging, long life cycle, stable chemical structure, etc.

Among them, the temperature resistance of the aramid is higher, and the continuous use of the temperature range is -196-204 ° C. It does not decompose and melt at 500 ° C at high temperature. It does not melt during burning and does not produce toxic gases.

It can be seen from the demonstration that the flame retardant characteristics of the fiber itself when encountering a bright fire immediately played a role. After leaving the fire source, it immediately went out of itself. Essence

It is worth mentioning that in addition to flame retardant performance, this fabric comfort is also better, which is not significantly different from ordinary clothing.

At present, the fabric and tooling have passed the testing of third -party authoritative agencies. Flame retardant performance, anti -static performance and physical and chemicality meet the requirements of national standard B. After washing the workflows made of this fabric 50 times, fake people bombarded Burning test, burning area ≤ 26.0%, reflects the characteristics of essential flame retardant.

Second, fire prevention and bulletproof, "confrontation" is the key

In addition to being used as a flame retardant, aramine is also a material that is often used by bulletproof coats.

The stretching strength of the aramid is 6 times that of the steel wire, which is 2-3 times that of glass fiber and high-strength nylon industry wires; the amount of stretching mold is 2-3 times that of the steel wire and glass fiber, which is 10 of the high-strength nylon industrial wire 10 Times; but its density is only about 1/5 of the steel wire. Therefore, it has a good anti -impact, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the aramid, and is known as "bulletproof fiber".

Military protective services often have more performance requirements: durability, lightness, bulletproof, flame retardant, and good environmental adaptability and camouflage. Adding an appropriate amount of aramid to the bulletproof vest and helmet can not only make it small, light quality, but also increase the bulletproofing performance by 40%.

At the same time, aramid fiber can also be compounded with other materials (such as metal, ceramics) to make various high -strength, impact -resistant explosion -proof tanks, bulletproof shields and bulletproof armor. In addition, bonding the aramid fiber fabric on the inner wall of the structure can effectively absorb the explosion wave and prevent the shot from harming the human body.

Aramid fiber was first developed and developed by the United States and was applied to the military field. In 1967, DuPont invented a high -temperature flame -retardant fiber called Nomex (known as aramid 1313), which was the main component of the aramid.

Because the excellent performance quickly became the material of the new generation of flash headhoppers and gloves, and quickly moved towards a wider field, becoming a space service, firefighting, flight uniforms, racing uniforms, tank uniforms, and special workers. Protective glove materials. Later, DuPont also developed another kind of aramid 1414. The most representative application product was the Cafera material of the US military's bulletproof jacket.

Cafera material anti -cutting glove

my country has started late in high energy fibers. For a long time, key technologies for industrialization have not been able to break through. The demand for the aramid of the position is mainly dependent on imports. However, in recent years, with the continuous breakthrough of the barramid technical barriers, my country's industrialization of the aramid in China has begun to flourish.

At present, more than a dozen companies in China are undergoing the production of the aramid industrialization, including Sinochem's morning light, Taihe New Materials, and Suzhou Zandart.

Third, so powerful, it is really inseparable

When it comes to the application prospects of aramid, it even has a wider prospects than the carbon fiber we know.

In the field of aerospace, aramid fiber can be used to make missile rocket engine housing and aircraft, aerospace fuselage, main wing, tail wing, etc.: The fatigue life is 100-1000 times that of aluminum alloy plates, which can be used for the fuselage and other parts of the aircraft. The use of aramid fiber in the aircraft object can also greatly reduce the total weight of the aircraft. Can be used to make aramid paper for rockets

In the field of construction, the ductility of aramid fiber fabric is better than carbon fiber. It is light and flexible, which has made it an ideal construction engineering reinforcement material, especially when reinforcing irregular shape components. In addition, the aramid is woven into steel bars, which can be used as a large building with cement to enhance the skeleton, which is not only resistant to corrosion and shear.

Architectural reinforcement

In the field of electronics and electrical appliances, aramine fiber electromagnetic waves have a good rate. Under the same rigidity conditions, the electromagnetic waves of the radar antenna cover for composite materials are 10%increased than glass fiber composite materials. It can also be used in optical fiber, and it can also protect the optical fiber when the tensile effect is not deforming, and avoid affecting the transmission of light.

Conclusion:

The aramid fiber and carbon fiber, ultra -high molecular measuring polyethylene fiber, and basalt fiber are listed as the four major high -performance fibers in my country. In its excellent performance, the aramid fiber will not only continue to play an important role in traditional fields such as defense military industry, but also show more potential in emerging fields such as new energy vehicles and 5G communication.

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