Watching the moon ｜ Time and space companionship for 100 million years

The twists and turns of 2022 continue to come up

Incident vision telescope found that the galaxy center is large quality

Black Hole Masa A*

Webu Astronomical Telescope from the second Raglanship from the Japanese and ground system

The most spectacular fireworks in the universe came

The world -class astronomy observation base of Qinghai Cold Lake in my country is accelerating construction

The aimed at the goal of "the moon landing of the moon" and "establish a sustainable moon base"

U.S. Moon Exploration Artemis No. 1 will be launched again after multiple launch extensions

.........

at this time

On the orbit other than 371044 kilometers

The moon is still around the earth at a speed of about 1.022 km/s

And the position of 180 ° difference from the Sun Yellow Meridian on September 10

This day coincides with China's traditional festival

Moon Festival

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"The moon is born on the sea, the world is at this time"

"Moonlight was born in the sun". When the moon revolves around the earth, the relative positions of the earth, the moon, and the sun constantly changes regularly, causing the changes in the shortage of the moon phase profit and loss.

The average monthly profit and loss cycle is 29.53 days, and the moon in the calendar originated from this. When the moon and the sun are 180 °, it is called hope, and the full moon can be seen on the earth. The full month of the Mid -Autumn Festival in 2022 is 17:59 on September 10th. The Mid -Autumn Festival this year, the most round of the moon "return to the fifteenth".

2022 Mid -Autumn Festival at 8 o'clock in the evening of the show

In ancient China, the moon was also known as Taiyin, Xuan Rabbit, Juan Juan, and Wangshu. It was the only natural satellite on the planet and the fifth largest satellite in the solar system. The diameter of the moon is slightly larger than a quarter of the earth. The quality is about 1/81 of the earth. Compared to the volume and quality of the surrounding planet, it is the largest satellite and is also the second highest density satellite in the solar system.

"Month" is a pictographic text, which looks like half a month in Oracle. In Western countries, the name of the moon has different sources.

NASA astronauts see the moon from Earth Space Station

In English, the word "Moon" can be traced to an ancient English word from the Middle Ages- "MōNA". At the same time, "mōna" is also in Latin, which means that the measured "Metri" and the "Mensis" of the month have the same origin.

When Moon was named, people did not know that other planets also had satellites. In the 17th century, European astronomers discovered the five major satellites around Saturn, and later more satellites in the solar system were found: The Galilean Moons, Shepherd Moons, etc. their names have the Moon logo.

Diagram of the relationship between the earth, the moon and the sun size

-02-

"I don't know the moon in hours, call as a white jade plate"

As a celestial body closest to the earth, people's awareness of space often starts in the moon.

In 428 BC, Anaxagoras, an ancient Greek philosopher Anaxagora, inferred that the sun and the moon were huge spherical rock body, while the latter reflected the former light of the former. Plutarch puts forward in his book "On the Face in the Moon's Orb" that the moon has a deep concave place, and the sunlight cannot reach these concave places. The shadow of the river or abyss.

In 1609, Galileo Galilei invented the first astronomical telescope in human history. He then announced the results of using telescope to observe the moon in the book "Sidereus Nuncius", pointing out that the surface of the moon is not smooth, and there are many mountains and meteorites.

In the late 17th century, Giovanni Battista Riccioli and Francisco Maria Grimaldi (Francesco Maria Grimaldi) draws a map of the moon to many meteorite pits The names given to this day. On the map, the dark part of the moon surface is called Maria or the ocean, and the bright part is called land.

Moon structure schematic diagram

In the middle of the 20th century, due to the cold war, the "space competition" centered on the moon began to accelerate, and the Soviet Union and the United States raced the detection plan to visit the moon. In January 1959, the Soviet Moon No. 1 detector flew the moon. In July 1969, American detector Apollo 11 carried astronauts to realize the first moon landing of human beings. During this period, more than 68 lunar exploration tasks performed by humans.

The process of exploration of the moon is full of bumps, and the light of the moon has attracted worldwide attention. President Kennedy made a speech:

...Now it is time to take longer strides - time for a great new American enterprise - time for this nation to take a clearly leading role in space achievement, which in many ways may hold the key to our future on Earth... .For While We Cannot Guarantee that we shall one day be first, we can guarentee that any failure to make this effect will make us last.

...I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind OR MORE Important in the Long-Range Exploration of Space; And None Will be so difficult or extensive to accomlish.

1950-2020 Human Monthly Exploration Mission Significance

After a lapse of 45 years, the human moon landing plan was once again proposed. In 2017, the National Aerospace Administration announced the implementation of the Artemis plan to send the U.S. astronauts to the moon again by 2024 (later announced the delay of the annihilation of the annihilation to the moon to 2025), and on the surface of the moon by 2028 Establish a permanent base to lay the foundation for landing in Mars and deeper deep -space detection missions.

The plan of the plan in the plan will be launched on September 20 this year.

This will be an unmanned flight test. "This task will truly complete the unknown targets and information that is unknown," NASA Washington Headquarters, the person in charge of the No. 1 task of Mike Salafin (Mike Sarafin) said. During this flight, the Orion spacecraft will bring the lamb Shawn to the moon, with a total driving distance of more than 2.1 million kilometers, and will return to the earth after 3 weeks.

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"People don't see the ancient moon today, this month I used to follow the ancients"

Every autumn is thinking, looking at the moon. In a round of bright moon, it carries the cultural memory of a nation. During the distant ancient times, our ancestors had made wonderful and unforgettable encounters with this large disk with Qinghui.

Bingchen Mid -Autumn Festival, Su Shi, who drank Dadan, was drunk in the moon and chanted the poem "I don't know the sky in the palace, what year is the year".

In order to recover the Central Plains, there were many reasons for many times. Twelve years after the south, Xin Qiji met Mid -Autumn Festival and wrote it:

"A round of autumn shadows turns into golden waves, and flying mirrors are grinding again. Ask the wine: What is the white hair and bullying? Take the wind to the wind, look down at the mountains and rivers."

The full moon outside the window reflected the full moon, and Youzi's heart could not be calm for a long time. Guifu got up and walked to the window:

"The full moon flying the mirror, the heart of the heart is folded.

("Two of August 15th Night (one)" [Tang] Du Fu)

When the bright moon rose again from the horizon, looking from the water, like the pouring out of the tide, the poet couldn't help feeling:

"The life of life is endless, and Jiangyue looks similar every year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting, but I see the Yangtze River sending flowing water."

("Spring River Flower Moon Night" [Tang] Zhang Ruoxu)

The rising day and night, the lack of the moon and the moon, the unchanged laws are incorporated into the reverie and romance of the poet:

"The poor Huaihai is full of silver, and the Rainbow Rainbow Educate Globe. If there is no monthly household in the sky, Guizhi will damage the West wheel."

("Mid -Autumn Festival Louwang Moon" [Song] Mi 芾)

The sun in the Palace Museum

The exploration of the moon in ancient China traced back to the pre -Qin period. "Zhou Ying Jing Jing" is one of the oldest mathematics monographs in my country. The book was about the first century BC. The description of the moonlight showed the insights of the moon at that time:

The Japanese, the essence of the Yang, such as still fire. The moon of the moon, the essence of the yin, such as still water light. The moon contains the scenery, so the moonlight is born in the sun, and the soul is born in the sun. On the day of the day, the light is good, and the sun is dough. Therefore, it is Mingyue.

Ancient China's understanding of the moon

On the basis of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Heng explained the lunar eclipse correctly on the basis of Hunitian. It said in his book "Lingxian": "Moonlight was born in the sun; the soul was born in the sun. The day was good, and the day was gone." " The ground is also the virtuality. In the stars, you eat it after the month. " The moon is in the direction of the sun. If the sun is blocked by the earth, the moon enters the earth shadow, called dark deficiency, which is lunar eclipse. The same reason is also applicable to stars. As early as 1,000 years ago, Li Fan, Su Tong, and others have already calculated that the speed of the moon has changed rapidly: he moved three times in January, nine years old and nine. In modern astronomy, the description of concepts such as nearly place and near -month month is similar. According to the operating cycle of the moon, an ancient astronomer formulated calendar, including Shuangwang Moon, Steel Moon, etc., to guide people to go to sea in daily life and cultivate work.

Orion return test in the Pacific Ocean

With the continuous development and accumulation of modern astronomy, observation data on the moon has increased further. It is gradually discovered that the unusual unusual of the moon's solid satellite surrounds the earth is beyond our imagination.

The lunar possibility of smart life design. The brightness of the earth and the moon is different. The moon relies on the sunlight to let humans see it. The ancients compared the moon and the sun to yin and yang. The moon and the sun have a peculiar nature.

(1) The diameter of the moon's earth and the sun is: 3476km, 12756km, and 1.392 million kilometers; the distance between the moon and the moon and the earth and the day are 384,000 kilometers and 150 million kilometers, respectively. The ratio of the diameter of the moon to the distance between the moon and the moon is almost the same as the diameter of the sun and the earth and the sun, and the sun and the moon seen from the earth are almost as large.

(2) The rotation of the moon is the same as the angle speed, and its rotation cycle is one month. This makes the moon only facing the earth, and humans cannot see the back of the moon on the earth. The explanation of the scientific community is tidal locking, but there are still controversy.

(3) The mainstream of astronomy believes that the moon is part of the earth, and the monthly amount is close to the chemical element component of the earth. But this statement is also questioned. The volume of the moon is 2%of the earth, but its quality is only 1.23%of the earth. Therefore, some views believe that the moon is empty inside the moon. The monthly shock test of the Apollo series spacecraft seems to indicate that the moon may be empty. If this is the case, the density of the material of the moon may be close to the earth.

Water is the source of life. Finding water is a vital interest of the moon and the planet's exploration. There is no atmosphere of the moon, and no water is found at present. Because the rate of ice sublimation from solid state to gesture at a very low temperature is very slow, there may be solid ice in the polar meteoritic pit where the moon does not see the sun all year round. These ice experiences will not have obvious quality losses in billions of years. This is essential to establish a base for the future of human beings, and it has also become one of the hot issues of the future lunar exploration.

The atmosphere and the atmosphere and crescent moon that you see

The traveler's detector has flew to the edge of the solar system. Humans have found that the new concepts such as dark matter and dark energy need to explain the additional rotation speed of the star body around the silver rivers and the facts of the accelerated expansion of the universe. Physics, astronomy, and aerospace Technology will also bring one by one to subvert the traditional concept. If the moon is indeed a traveler from the earth, maybe she takes the secret of human origin and the secret of human prehistoric civilization.

The distant deep space is fascinating, and the moon is undoubtedly the most charming one.

Source: Nature Shifang WeChat public account

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