What is China's "underground Everest"?There are many secrets in the Treasure!

Produced | NetEase News

Introduction: Last month, Sinopec announced that the "deep project" implemented in the field of oil and gas exploration and development obtained a major breakthrough -the Tarim Basin Shunbei 803 slope test obtained high -yield industrial oil and gas flow, with a depth of 9,300 meters, and the amount of oil and gas reached 1017 tons. It became the 15th "Thousand Tons Well" of Shunbei Oil and Gas Field. This marks the successful exploration and development of the oil and gas fields of the world's deepest buried, and the success of the "underground Mount Everest" has a milestone significance to the use of deep mineral resources in my country.

1. The Tarim Basin is my country's "cornucopia"

Petroleum is known as "the blood of the industry" and is an indispensable energy and raw material for the development of modern society. Since the twentieth century has become the world's most important energy form, countries around the world have been steadily increasing. Some countries with abundant crude oil reserves have changed from one poverty to a wealthy country.

The true economic volume and productivity of a country are basically proportional to its energy consumption. The development of the new energy industry in my country is largely considering strategic safety factors, but it is not currently unable to meet the continuously increasing energy consumption, let alone the role of replacing oil. China, which has risen rapidly in recent decades, has become a real country with oil consumption. In the long run, my country still needs to consume more oil. In addition to continuing to optimize and expand the channels of imported oil, the continuous investment in my country's domestic oil exploration is also extremely important.

In recent years, crude oil consumption in China has steadily rising

Considering the energy safety factors, my country must ensure that a certain percentage of self -produced crude oil guarantees the supply of key departments in the emergency state, but the reality is cruel and corresponding to the consumption of huge crude oil. 80 % of the oil is distributed in eight areas: Bohai Bay, Songliao, Ordos, Tarim, Junggar, Chaidam, Pearl River Estuary, East China Sea continental shelf, and even oil output in Shanghai. The total reserves are not low, but the characteristics of Chinese oil fields are "small", "scattered", "broken", and "deep". Generally, the relatively poor oil products have greatly increased the difficulty and cost of mining.

In all oil and gas production areas in my country, the Tarim Basin is China's largest oil -containing gas deposition basin. The total amount of oil and gas resources has been proven to be approximately 16 billion tons of oil, which has long been considered the core area of ​​China's native oil strategy in the 21st century. After being completed and put into production in 1989, the Tarim Oilfield gradually became the energy and economic center of western China. Repeatedly proved new oil and gas fields, crude oil production has continued to increase, and natural gas production capacity has also become one of the main sources of gas of the "Western Gas East" project. Although oil products cannot be compared with the Middle East and Russia's crude oil, the crude oil produced in the Tarim Basin has been premier in China, and the high -quality oil and gas in the Tarim Basin concentrated deeply, which contains huge potential. Taking oil as an example, in the depth of more than 6000 meters, the total amount of oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin accounts for about 19%of the global total, which is absolutely strategic. Therefore, my country's deep development of the Tarim Basin is constantly increasing.

Tarim Oilfield

2. "Underground Everest" shows the comprehensive strength of oil and gas development

my country's overall lack of superficial high -quality oil and gas resources, and more mining has caused shallow oil and gas resources to begin to be inferior. Therefore, my country's oil and gas development has gradually shifted to two major directions: deep and marine. The important reason for the formation of deep oil gas fields is a thicker salt rock layer (hereinafter referred to as salt layer) to cover the oil and gas layer (there is a large oil gas field under the North Sea and Brazil's sea salt). It has also become a huge obstacle during mining and needs to rely on new technologies to make breakthroughs.

In recent years, with the development and technological progress of oil and gas exploration theory, global oil and gas exploration has the tendency to marine in deep (4500-6000m) and ultra-deep (> 6000M), and the number of global deep oil and gas fields has increased dramatically. Due to the problem of resource endowment, my country has become one of the pioneers of this wave.

In my country's overall oil and gas exploration and development practice, the deep and ultra -deep oil and gas resources reached 67.1 billion tons of oil (about one hundred years). The super -profound position has become the main position of my country's oil and gas exploration discovery. Globally, the most commonly collected pots of ultra -deep oil and gas are: Gulf Basin, Tarim Basin, South Caribbean Basin, Arabia Basin, Santos Basin, and Sichuan Basin. my country occupies two. Taking the Tarim Basin as an example, oil and natural gas resources between 6000 and 10,000 meters of oil accounted for 83.2%and 63.9%, respectively, and this proportion continues to expand.

Tarim oil field oil and gas resource distribution map

How to detect oil and gas resources is the first problem. Ultra -deep high -quality oil and gas resources generally have thick salt layers covered with strong concealment, and the structure and terrain are complex. The use of conventional seismic methods to detect deviations is large and the recognition rate is not high. Therefore, for ultra -deep oil and gas exploration, the most cutting -edge exploration technology must be used. In the exploration of the deep resources of the Tarim Oilfield, my country has begun to use large-scale ultra-deep reservoir seismic seismic seismic signals based on the opposite sex and absorb attenuation medium model, and the low-pores-based high-peak ribbon based on rock heart pores-penetration rate Prediction technology, as well as gas water recognition technology based on carbonate rock physical properties, these three cooperation can better locate deep oil and gas enrichment areas.

The ancients of the ancients were easy to go to the ground. To a certain extent, it explained the difficulty of mining deep oil and gas resources. The deeper the strata, the higher the temperature, and the ultra -high temperature will bring higher requirements to drilling equipment, instruments, etc.; because the Tarim Basin is a composite salt layer, the medium is relatively uneven, which makes it easy to oblique the well; Acidic and corrosive gases bring losses to the equipment; in addition, the larger the depth will bring greater pressure, the thickness of the salt layer of the Tarim basin, and higher requirements for the mechanical performance of the equipment.

In the face of complex geological conditions, ultra -deep wells need to overcome the above difficulties. Traditional oil and gas well structure design methods and equipment are difficult to ensure smoothly completion of diamond mining. Therefore, new design and equipment must be used and the ultra -deep well structure must be optimized. These include increasing the level of the suite that increases ultra -high intensity; during the drilling process, the shallow layer replaces the drilling fluid with gas. The middle and depths are a large number of components made of artificial diamond. Fear of high temperature and high pressure. At the same time, in order to prevent the damage of high temperature and high -corrosion gases, the latest leakage and well -fixed well technology has also been adopted to ensure the success rate of drilling and reduce the probability of accidents.

Demonstration of ultra -deep well diamond structure

The application of the above -mentioned key technologies has made the directional well depth of 9,300 meters, which has refreshed the record of the deepest well in Asia, and has room for further deepening. It is called "underground Everest". At present, in the Tarim Basin alone, my country has successfully opened more than fifteen super -deep thousand tons of oil and gas wells, forming a deep oil and gas well cluster. The scale of this series of technologies has broad prospects, which is of great benefit to ensuring my country's energy security. More achievements.

Conclusion:

Following the "deep space and deep sea", the "deep land" of "depth" has also achieved milestone achievements, marking that my country has better mastered the super -deep oil and gas fast drilling technology, and successively overcome super -deep explorations, successively, Ultra -high -intensity sleeves, drill rods, measurement and control instruments and other key technologies have achieved a major leap from "unable to play" to "fast, accurate, and deeper". Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and high -tech can effectively ensure my country's energy security.

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