When will aerospace legislation be introduced?

There are currently a large number of administrative regulations, departmental regulations, and standardized documents in my country. Specialized regulations directly stipulate that a certain area or link of aerospace activities refers to the universal norms that are applicable to the universal activity in the field of aerospace. At present, the management of aerospace activities involves multiple departments, including both the competent investment authorities, as well as asset supervision and management departments (especially state -owned enterprises) and activity supervision departments (can continue to subdivide according to the nature and links of the activity).

Cut in from all aspects, you will find that our aerospace activities are available. As far as the construction and operation of small satellite constellations is concerned, as part of the space activity, it is also supervised by multiple departments. As far as the frequency and orbit position of constellations are used, the Radio Administration of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is mainly responsible for its application and coordinated management. Its launch license needs to apply to the National Defense Science and Technology Industry Bureau. If it is a low -orbit satellite constellation, as a telecommunications infrastructure construction, it is necessary to obtain the permission of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

In order to promote the development of small satellite constellations and strengthen safety management, in May 2021, the National Defense Science and Industry Bureau and the Central Military Commission's Equipment Development Department jointly issued the "Notice on Promoting the Order of Micro Satellite and Strengthening Safety Management" (hereinafter referred to as "hereinafter referred to as" Notice ") This standardized document guides the orderly development of small satellite specifications.

The focus of the "Notice" is only two: one is supervision and specification; the other is support and promotion.

As far as specific regulatory requirements are concerned, the "Notice" mainly includes the following aspects:

First, scientific research and production permits: small satellite scientific research and production of more than 500 kilograms, as well as the relevant scientific research and production activities of the power supply, promotion, engine, fireworks and other sub -systems, and affiliated products. The "Implementation Measures for Weapons and Equipment Scientific Research and Production Licensing", can only carry out relevant scientific research and production activities after obtaining the relevant qualifications of weapons and equipment scientific research and production.

Second, comply with relevant regulations for national security and confidentiality. Satellite data in China shall not be provided to overseas organizations or individuals without authorization of relevant departments. Users -related satellite data users shall have corresponding confidential qualifications or meet relevant confidential requirements, and data management and use in accordance with national confidentiality regulations.

Third, small satellites need to have certain technical capabilities: such as the ability to detect the ground during the track, the ability to avoid rail control, the necessary life -long processing ability, etc. When the mission is over or the life expires, the orbitals of the small satellite with a rail height of not more than 2000 kilometers must not be greater than 25 years. The tiny satellites with a running rail height of more than 2000 kilometers should actively enter the grave orbit or the orbit.

Fourth, obtain launch permits according to law. Before the launching tasks of the Minima and Shangsheng Satellite, the relevant requirements of the civil aerospace launch project permit shall be applied for the civil aerospace launch project permit in accordance with the relevant requirements of the "Interim Measures for the Management of the License of Civil Aerospace Launch Projects" and the "Notice on Promoting the Regular Development of Commercial Laureate Rockets." In view of the frequent space launch activities in my country, in order to promote the development of commercial aerospace and enhance the launch capacity of civil and commercial satellites, Jiuquan Satellite Center has done a series of effective work. Hainan also launched the construction of commercial aerospace launches in July this year.

Fifth, comply with frequency requirements. Before applying for a civil aerospace launch project permit and special review, the regulations shall be obtained in accordance with the "Regulations on the Management of Radio Management of the People's Republic of China", the "Regulations on the Division of the Division of the Radio of the People's Republic of China", and the "Administrative Measures for the Use of Radio Frequency Usage" to obtain the corresponding radio frequency permit permit And space radio license. The radio frequency and rail resources used by the tiny satellite should be consistent with the satellite network data corresponding to the international declaration and registration, and the parameter characteristics of the launch unit shall meet the relevant regulations of my country's radio management. Sixth, ensure the safety of operation on track. For the 30 days before the operation of the small satellite conducting rail transfer, meeting docking, fragmented film removal, and rail maintenance, the owner shall notify the relevant situation to the relevant national competent authorities. For example, the Star Chain is close to our space station during the raising process. We must have a certain supervision on its operation behavior and rail control incident.

From the perspective of support, the "Notice" also stipulates some specific measures to support the construction of my country's small satellite constellations:

01

In terms of satellite launch: Encourage the use of national tasks supporting carrier rockets to carry out small satellites to carry launch activities. This means that small satellite operations have more launch options, which can effectively reduce launch costs.

02

In terms of avoiding collision risks: relevant national departments carry out the work of small satellites in the rail collision early warning, avoiding strategy security review, and risk research and judgment in accordance with their duties. This means that the state can use its space situation to perceive the early warning information that may occur in advance to ensure that small satellite operators take timely measures to create a relatively safe environment for microfinance to effectively avoid the risk of collision. Cragments will not only cause losses of satellites, but also cause space fragments.

03

In terms of policy environment: documents point out relevant policies and regulations in the market's access, security supervision, management processes, system standards, etc., create a good policy environment, encourage upstream and downstream enterprises Participate in the entire chain of the research and development, manufacturing, launch and application of small satellites. Then, in the aspects of strengthening the safety supervision and management process system standards, we create a good policy environment for tiny satellites and form a good industrial ecology. In the process of legislation, we also mentioned that we must ensure the integrity of the supply chain of commercial enterprises.

04

In terms of participating in national tasks and results transformation: encourage commercial enterprises to participate in national tasks, actively promote the application of scientific and technological achievements, advocate technological innovation, management innovation and business model innovation of micro -satellite enterprises, and avoid low -level repeated investment and construction.

05

In terms of sharing of major space facilities: Encourage and support relevant state -owned enterprises and institutions, in accordance with the "Opinions of the State Council on the Open to the Society on the Society of Major Scientific Research Infrastructure and Large -scale Scientific Research Instruments", "The Finance of the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau on promoting major military industry test facilities The notice of opening up to the society with large scientific research instruments "and other regulations, the major scientific research, production test equipment and factory buildings of the use of national investment are opened.

The aerospace industry itself is a dynamic development process, and our legislation must keep up with the dynamic development process. Over the years, the "Aerospace Law" as the top -level legislation has been advancing. In 2018, the five -year legislative plan of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has taken aerospace legislation as a second -class project, and try to strive for as much as possible within 5 years. If the conditions are mature, it can be formulated. Limited by various factors, there are still some difficulties in this legislation. Considering the time required by the legislative procedures stipulated in the Aerospace Law, from the current progress, it may be difficult to pass in 2023. Of course, this work should continue to accelerate in the future.

This article is transferred from the public account of the Hundred People Conference of the Satellite Internet, which does not represent the position of this public account.

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