The sound of the universe is shocked by ripples. Is the celestial bodies real or false?

Gravity lens, cosmic ripple, what is the mystery?

It is related to dark matter.

The snapshot of this Hubble telescope shows the distant galaxy of the three magnified embedded galaxies. These phenomena are a natural "drama" -The gravity lens. The huge gravity of the galaxy group enlarged and distorted the light from the rear remote galaxy, creating these images. The two portraits pulled out of the lower right corner copied each other perfectly. These two bright ellipses are galaxies. This rare phenomenon is because the background galaxy spans the ripples in the space structure. Due to the huge gravity caused by a large amount of dark matter, these "ripples" are the areas with the highest magnification of gravitational lens. (Source: Joseph De Pas Quale (Research Institute of Space Telescope))

Astronomers believed that they finally solved a mystery discovered for the first time discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope decades ago.

The predicament is concentrated on a strange "double star", and people have not explained the cause of the pair of striped celestial bodies. Now scientists believe that this is actually a distant galaxy instead of two celestial bodies. Because the ripples in the universe space have enlarged and distorted its "image", they eventually show the appearance of two celestial bodies.

The celestial body, nearly 11 billion light years away from Earth, looks like the image of the other half of them. In 2013, when scientists saw them for the first time, they immediately doubted that this was a "gravity lens" phenomenon -when the light emitted by the distant celestial bodies was distorted by the gravity between the object and the observers, Wonders, just like looking at objects through fish tanks.

This explains how this phenomenon is arising, but does not dig the cause and essence behind it. Hubble telescope has captured many gravitational lens celestial bodies during the work, and the cause of this pair of celestial statues is not only simple light bending. The gravitational lens effect not only enlarges the galaxy to a certain extent, but also copies it to create two bright statues, and the third copy that can also be seen in the image.

After many years of thinking, astronomers have finally found the "culprit" of the problem: a huge, unoccupied galaxy group is located between the Hubble telescope and the celestial body, which is about 7 billion years from the earth. In addition, the galaxy affected by the lens is just on a spatial ripple. Dark substance -85%of the mysterious substances in the cosmic material, its gravity causes these ripples.

Researchers believe that when the light of the galaxy passes through the star group in front of it, a distant galaxy will produce an extra image.

"Imagine on a clear day, through the sparkling water in the swimming pool, you can see the glittering pattern at the bottom of the pool." In a statement of the Lord.

"The causes of these bright patterns at the bottom of the pool are similar to the gravitational lens effect," Griffith added. "The ripples on the water as a part of the lens, which focuses on the sun to the bottom of the pool to form a bright wave -shaped pattern."

The members of the research team said that "ripples" can help astronomers better understand the distribution of dark matter in the universe. For example, by comparing the space photos affected by the gravitational lens effect of the Hubble telescope and the computer model of the same area, the researchers have determined that dark matter may not be blocking, but spread on average.

"Fortunately, we only need two mirror comparison photos to understand whether the dark matter is in these positions." The co -author of the study, Jenny Wagner, a astronomer of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, said in the same statement.

The research was published in the September issue of the Royal Astronomy Monthly Monthly.

related information

In cosmology, dark matter refers to substances that do not work with electromagnetic, that is, it will not absorb, reflect or emit light. People can only know through the effect of gravity, and they have found a large number of dark matter in the universe. Modern astronomy detects dark matter through methods and theories of modern astronomy via gravitational lens, formation of large -scale structures in the universe, and microwave background radiation.

The gravitational lens effect, according to the general theory of relativity, is when the light emitted by the background light source passes near the gravitational field, the light will bend like a lens through a lens. The degree of light bending mainly depends on the strength of the gravitational field. Analyzing the distortion of the background light source can help the study as the nature of the gravitational field of "lens" in the middle. Depending on the scale and effect, the gravitational lens effect can be divided into strong gravity lens effects and weak gravitational lens effects.

By: Rahul Rao (Published October 19, 2021)

Fy: ludwig_xu

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