Xiannong expert team announced the world's first cattle and sheep tumor gastric original insect genome catalog set

On August 19, Jiang Yu team of Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University of Agriculture and Forestry, Academician Yao Bin team of Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute, and Professor Yu Zhongtang, Ohio State University, published a magazine in the International Microbiology Society (ISME Journal) magazine. An article entitled "The systemic development and biomass degrad enzyme of the genomic angle to expose the gastric cilia". The project team announced the genome directory of the world's first anti -animal tumor gastric worm, clarified its system development relationship and classification framework, and identified a new subject, two new genus and 2 new species. At the same time, it was identified to more than 30,000 new types of carbohydrate activated enzymes (Cazyme), and found that its degradation ability to plant cell walls can be comparable to shoulder intestinal fungi.

Cow -sheep and other anti -ravioli can transform human edible high -quality meat and milk such as plant straws such as plant straws that are unprecedented with human beings, alleviating the problem of human and animal struggle. This function attributes to the powerful tumor microbial fermentation system of anti -ravioli animals. Tumor gastric worms are the earliest type of tumor microorganisms discovered by humans (1843), which can account for 50%of the biomass of tumor gastric microorganisms, and play an important role in micro -ecosystems. However, because it cannot be cultivated purely, its metabolic function has always been an unsolved mystery. Tumor gastric worms can prey in bacteria and have symbiotic relationships with methane bacteria. Scientists tend to believe that the original insects are not good for feed degradation and environmental protection, and conducted nearly a century -old removal test. The previous research of the team found that the desertation of tumor gastric methane only in the short term will reduce the yield of tumor gastric methane in the short term, but it will increase the yield of methane in the long run, and the degradation rate of the gastric plant fiber after the deermination of the raw worm will be reduced. This is contrary to the traditional cognitive phenomenon, which drives the team's further mechanism to explore.

Figure 1 System classification and system development science of gastric cilia

By creating the assembly and identification process of the entire ciliated cellular cell whole genome, a total of 52 high -quality genomes of 22 shapes of dairy, beef and cow and milk goatoma have been obtained. Among them, the number of chromosomes in the OPH. CAUDATUS genome is estimated to be at least 43,286, which is the highest number of chromosomes found in nature in nature. In addition, the fragments of the cilia (a chromosomal only encodes only one gene) and the non -fragmental genome is found in the same outline for the first time. Use these genomes to clarify the classification and system development framework of tumor gastric cilia, and modify 22 forms to 19 species and 13 genus. One of the new subjects, 2 new belongings, 9 velves and 2 invisible species were found. For the 901 published tumor gastric macroscopic data, the genetic group of the genetic group was re -analyzed that the READS of the cilia can be as high as 72%in the macao group, which greatly promoted the analysis of dark substances in the macao group data.

Figure 2 The characteristic

A total of 33,693 non -redundant CazyMes were predicted in the 52 cilifice genomes, of which 99%were unknown. Each tumor gastric cilia has the ability to independently degrade plant structured carbohydrates, non -structural carbohydrates, and microbial carbohydrates. Among them, the genomes of Shuangmaoya and head Maomoocochal are encoded the CAZYMES gene comparison with intestinal fungi, and most of the enzymes (72-82%) are used for degradation of plant structured carbohydrates. The analysis found that about 63%of tumor cilia Cazymes obtained through horizontal metastasis, of which 55%came from bacteria and 8%from fungi. There are obvious structural differences between Cazymes obtained from the level of cilontum -level transfers. For example, the libinase of the California GH5 family and the cellulose enzymes of the GH10 family have lost a MOTIF. Use Bi Chi Yeast to express these two enzymes to discover that the activity of fibrin enzymes and polyetase of ciliformgen and twice and twice the activity of lignanase are 9 times higher than its bacterial donor, respectively. This high activity reflects the huge potential of ciliary degradation enzymes in biomass transformation.

Source: official website of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University

Edit: Zhao Taozi

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