The electromagnetic cannon in the movie is fighting the stars, and our electromagnetic cannon is used to extinguish the fire

In the "Transformers 2" movie, such a scene appeared -an electromagnetic cannon on the US warships, after a burst of electromagnetic hustle and bustle, bombarded the enemy Transformers at the top of the pyramid with a huge power.

Source 丨 movie stills

This scene once brought a lot of shock to us in front of the screen. At the same time, some questions were spontaneous in our hearts. Is the weapon such as the electromagnetic rail gun really existed? What is the difference and connection between it and the successful fire -fighting electromagnetic cannon that has been successfully fired in November 2021?

1. New Pet in the Electrical Age -the past and present of the electromagnetic cannon

Since the 19th century Faraday discovered the law of electromagnetic induction, people have been trying to apply this scientific principle to weapons. At the beginning of the 20th century, some people proposed hypotheses using Lorentz to launch artillery. During the Second World War, Germany, France and other countries tried to study electromagnetic artillery weapons. As a kinetic weapon, the quality of the projectile and the speed of the output is the main parameter to measure its power. During World War II, Germany accelerated the 10 grams of projectiles to speed up to 1200 meters per second in the experiment.

In the 1970s after the war, the National University of Australia accelerated 3 grams of projectiles to 6000 meters per second. After decades of development, by 2010, the electromagnetic artillery weapons developed by the United States have achieved a target of 200 kilometers other than the speed of five times, and its power is ten times that of conventional weapons. At present, many countries in the world, including my country, are actively studying electromagnetic guns and trying to discover its greater potential.

Photos of the U.S. Navy Special Combat Center Testing Electromagnetic Cannon

Source 丨 Wikipedia Encyclopedia

2. The generation of electromagnetic cannons -the use of energy for excellence

Throughout the ancient and modern, the development of each weapon is accompanied by people's demand for greater powerful weapons -in other words, it is to use energy at higher efficiency.

During the original period, our ancestors of our whites throwing spears from empty -handed to inventing spearrs; after that, people made bows and arrows and crossbow, and quickly released the accumulated energy with flexible deformation; The use of the intense chemical reaction of explosion invented the gunpowder weapon, which can use a large amount of chemistry to urge large power weapons to pursue greater lethality.

One of the two most common gunpowder now -black gunpowder

Source 丨 Wikipedia Encyclopedia

However, the explosion is used to urge the weapons to end up. First of all, as a violent entropy increase process, the explosion itself has severe and difficult control. They are all released in the form of thermal energy. Only a few energy released by the explosion can be transformed into the kinetic energy of the shells. This is determined by the nature of this process itself. of.

Source 丨 Wikipedia Encyclopedia

Therefore, looking for a more efficient energy conversion and release a greater energy way, naturally has become the goal of future weapons development. Among the scientists' up and down, electromagnetic guns entered their vision.

3. The principle of electromagnetic cannon -new vision of electromagnetic induction

The current type of electromagnetic cannon is currently divided into three categories -rail guns, coil guns, and heavy artillery.

The most basic principle of this type of weapon is the Apeli formula in our high school textbooks: F = BIL, that is, the conductivity of the power -powered conductivity will be forced in the magnetic field. Use this principle to fasten the shell -conductive artillery shells accelerated in the fixed magnetic field.

The orbit cannon is also called a magnetic cannon. The current Lorenz is accelerated by the current, which moves the shells along the parallel guide rail and fired.

Source of the operation of the magnetic trail 丨 Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The coil gun uses a set of or more sets of coils. The coil produces a magnetic field during the power -powered process. This magnetic field will generate gravitational or excuse for the cannonball in order to accelerate the shells. The heavy artillery is a special coil gun, and its principle is roughly the same as the coil gun.

Schematic diagram of coil guns

Source 丨 Wikipedia Encyclopedia

Different from traditional artillery, the energy utilization efficiency of electromagnetic guns will be higher. In theory, the initial speed of the electromagnetic cannon can reach 20-30 Mach. In order to achieve such a high initial speed in the short period of time, capacitive storage is currently used. The method of charge and release in a short time, and the energy conversion in this process is mainly transformed into kinetic energy, energy loss will be small, and most of the electrical energy will become part of the initial speed of the horror of the electromagnetic cannonball.

In some video demonstrations, we can see that the electromagnetic cannon shells easily break through multi -layer steel plates. This is due to its terrible kinetic energy, and due to its excellent energy conversion efficiency, it has achieved such power, and the cost is far away. Below than traditional artillery.

4. How far is the electromagnetic cannon in science fiction movies from?

In some science fiction movies, we can often see the electromagnetic cannon. Its huge power can often give us a lot of shock, but in reality, what are the real uses of the electromagnetic cannon? Far?

First of all, the earliest electromagnetic cannon was proposed as a weapon concept. It has a certain use on the battlefield, but in actual situation, the main application direction of the electromagnetic gun is not as high -end as in the movie. Pay more attention to its cheap and efficient characteristics. Compared with traditional artillery, it can use less costs to achieve a greater strike speed, and the launch interval has become less. It is also more convenient for the maintenance of the artillery body. This is its essential advantage. At the same time, benefiting from its greater speed, the electromagnetic cannon will develop more in the field of armoring, anti -direction, air defense and other combat fields in the future. In November 2021, in the video displayed by CCTV, small portable electromagnetic cannons such as agricultural electromagnetic cannons have been put into use, which can be used for fire and agriculture. The field, at the same time, also enters our lives step by step.

Source 丨 CCTV

So, what about the future? Human began to look up at the starry sky since ancient times. In modern times, we have begun to contact the unmanned deep space above our heads. However, because the fuel and combustion agent have always occupied a large part of the load during the load, people's exploration of the starry sky always looks like a band with with Dance of shackles.

Electromagnetic ejection, which is basically the same as electromagnetic guns, has developed rapidly. At present, my country has developed carrier -based aircraft carrier -based aircraft with electromagnetic ejection. We may imagine that if this advanced technology is applied to the aerospace field in the future It will speed up.

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