What can China's "wise eyes" see?

Produced ｜ Netease News

Introduction: The Satellite Team of the High -Energy Physics Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Tubinen's "Satellite Team recently discovered a neutron X -ray twin -star dual -star dual -star -reaching absorption line with a energy of up to 1.46 thousand electronic volt, corresponding to the neutron star surface magnetic field with more than 1.6 billion Tesla.

This is the world's record of the highest energy recovery line and the strongest magnetic field of the universe's strongest magnetic field directly after 2020 to the strongest magnetic field of the universe that directly measured to about 1 billion Tesla in 2020. What kind of value does the domestic satellite "wisdom" created by the over -service service? Why do you achieve "Lian Lian, can you still eat it?"

First, why is the neutron star attractive?

The neutron star has evolved to the end of a large -quality star, and one of the minority destinations after the supernova explosion occurred through the gravitational collapse. Generally speaking, the emergence of neutron stars comes from the collapse of the gravity after attenuation of the large -quality star nuclear fusion reaction. The gravitational potential energy released will cause the material to be pulled into the core with gravity traction and transform into a huge heat energy.

Supernova explosion

In the process of the supernova explosion, most of the materials of the original stars will be thrown outward. After the explosion, the remaining star with a smaller quality will become a white dwarf; and when the remaining quality of the star exceeds the limit of the Qian Drasecca (about 1.44 times the times of the Qian Draseca (about 1.44 times the times The quality of the solar), the pressure of electronics cannot block the gravity, and will collapse into a neutron star; if the remaining quality of the star will further surpass Obonheimer -Walcoff's limit (about 3.2 times the solar quality), the Einstein broader theory is based on The balancing of neutron and stressful spheres will be broken, and the celestial body will inevitably become a black hole. Due to the irresponsibleness of black holes in general, neutron stars with obvious signals have become good objects of human observation research.

Neutron star art map

Among the neutron stars, the severe gravity compression forcibly converts electrons into a proton into a neutron. The higher the quality, the smaller it shrinks. 100 million tons (equivalent to atomic nuclear density). At the same time, because the neutron stars retain most of the angle motion of the original star but the radius is greatly reduced, it has a very high self -rotation rate. Ultra -high -density and ultra -high speeds have become the most distinctive feature of neutron stars.

The double -star system in the universe is not uncommon, and neutron stars are no exception. In the couplet system composed of neutron stars and ordinary main preface stars (donors), when the donor is closer to the neutron star, its light element will be sucked to the neutron star in the form of material flow, and it will form on the surface of the dense neutron star surface. After the accumulation of material accumulation and gravity is squeezed to a certain extent, the nuclear fusion reaction will be started, causing the periodic X -ray explosion (the cycle depends on the speed of material absorption). The mechanism of formation.

2. What kind of satellite is the "Huiyan"?

The full name of the "Huyan" is "Hard X -ray Modging Telescope Satellite", which is a cubic configuration, with a total mass of about 2500 kg. It is equipped with four detection effective loads. Among them, "hard X -rays" mainly refer to X -rays with strong penetration. For example, the X -rays of neutron stars can be observed by humans in space after crossing interstellar dust, and "modulation" refers to my country. The signal developed by scientists can be reduced into image technology, so as to achieve high -precision tracking of hard X -ray -related astronomical phenomena. Observation of X -ray explosion through high -precision instruments, knowing strength and cycle information, can also accurately estimate the quality and radius of neutron stars.

"Hui Eye" satellite structure diagram

But in fact, the "hard X -ray" alone is actually not complete. It also has other related high -precision scientific instruments, which also includes observations of soft X -rays of medium and low -energy levels. The scope of detection covers many types of high -energy heaven in the universe.

Many tools enable "Hui Eye" to carry out four aspects of tasks: one is to conduct a new activity of celestial patrolling, monitor and discover high -energy celestial bodies; second, through observation of the light and energy spectrum of high -energy celestial bodies, deepen the dense celestial body such as neutron stars and black holes. Third, through soft/hard X -ray observation data to study various high -energy astronomical phenomena deep in the universe; the fourth is to explore the use of periodic X -ray pulse signals to perform the technology and principles of independent navigation of spacecraft, and to carry out the future development of my country The deep space detection plan laid a solid foundation.

The breakthrough of "wisdom eyes" is that the X -rays in the universe will be greatly hindered and polluted when the atmosphere is shot. Unlike the mirror telescope on the ground, it is subject to its area and field of view. The detection area, higher efficiency, and more accurate data.

"Hui Eye" satellite observes 146 thousand electronic voltage signals

The outbreak of X -ray originated from the nuclear fusion reaction caused by the material migration of the neutron star system. This astronomical phenomenon itself was found in multiple galaxies. According to the outbreak of light, astronomers previously speculated that the magnetic field strength of its explosive outbreak would be It is very high, but there is no direct measurement data to verify.

The existence of the "Huyan" satellite fills gaps. It conducted a wide energy segmentation of the first super -bright X -ray explosion in the galaxy. The magnetic field strength corresponding to the energy is the magnetic field strength of the neutron surface, corresponding to the neutron surface magnetic field with more than 1.6 billion Tesla. This is not only the highest measurement of the cosmic celestial field to date, but also the first time the surface magnetic field of the star star is directly measured in the super -bright X -ray source. The real measurement data successfully verified the theoretical interpretation of the X -ray explosion in the coupling system. Third, why can satellites "extend life"?

The "Huiyi" satellite was launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June 2017. During the service period, it was not a small: August 2017, the incident of the combination of double neutron star was successfully monitored. The outbreak process; the high -energy radiation process of the sun's spots also observed the same month ... According to the design, its life span is only four years. Due to the normal operation status, the performance is still good. It is expected that the satellite can also run stably for several years.

"Hui Eye" satellite showing intention

In fact, in space exploration, the operation of "extended life" on the aircraft is not uncommon. For example, the original design life of the International Space Station is by 2015, and the United States currently intends to operate it to 2030; "The" Goku ", which belongs to the same scientific research plan, has also extended its life span to six years;" Traveler One "has transmitted signals to the earth so far ... Under what circumstances, is it appropriate to" extending life "to the satellite?

Any Aerospace aircraft is a systematic engineering, which is a trade -off of performance and cost. At the beginning of the project, the scientific task goals that are generally completed are generally set for a life period for it. Each subsystem will be designed and manufactured in accordance with this period. Therefore, increasing satellite design life means that costs will increase significantly.

However, Aerospace Technology is the most cutting -edge industrial sector. The quality of the product is extremely reliable. If each subsystem is operating well, there are no many accidents that need to call the redundancy of the aircraft design. The cost of manufacturing and launching new satellites. In general, countries around the world will work as much as possible to extend the working time of satellites with full redundancy and obtain more observation results.

Conclusion:

As a satellite for the first phase of the spatial science pilot, the "Huyan" and the "Mozi" and "Goku" "of the same plan have completed the scientific research tasks, verifying and expanding the relevant scientific theories, and the future of our country. The deep space detection plan lays a good foundation. Here, I also wish the Einstein probe satellite and enhanced X -ray of the special phase plan and the enhanced X -ray satellite and polarizing space satellite can be blue.

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