hot!hot!hot!Humans are losing this pure land

Author:Look at the think tank Time:2022.08.17

Due to the melting of the sea ice, the polar bear could not return to the nest that once lived, and hunting became much more difficult because they need to rely on sea ice as a hunting ground. Now, people see more polar bears with careful walking and obvious malnutrition on the thin sea ice.

Broken a world map, and most people rarely notice the Swarba Islands in the upper left corner of the map. In ancient Norwegian, "Swar" means cold, and "Bas" has the meaning of edges, ridges, and turf.

Because of the cold, and the "wonderful" regulations such as mobile phones and wireless networks, this inconspicuous islands located in the Arctic Circle are far from the sight of most people, and they are less affected by human activities. Some people even believe that the Swarba Islands are the purest places in areas where human beings settle on the planet. However, there are signs that humans are gradually losing this pure land.

Wen | 玖玖

This article is reproduced from the WeChat public account "Deep Sea District" (ID: XMSHENHAIQU), which was first launched from August 14, 2022. The original title "Hot!" hot! hot! The Arctic Circle is also experiencing a "baking inspection" for a century. Human beings are losing this Pure Land ", which does not mean watching think tank views.

Located far away, few human activities

Sipbitgen is the largest and only island of the Swarba Islands and the only island with human permanently. The new Oleston is a small town on the island of Speutzbilgen. It is only 1231 kilometers from the North Pole. It is the permanent settlement of humans on the northernmost tip of the earth.

In 1966, with the completion of the Norwegian Poor Research Institute, this town has a more important role -the northernmost research on human settlement in the world. Most of the "residents" living here are scientists. In the coldest winter, about 40 or fifty people live in the town, and in summer, it ushered in its peak of population -about 150 "residents". Their research objects are mainly atmospheric.

On the one hand, there are high mountains, one side is a fjord, covered with snow, and colorful houses look more bright and full of color against the snow. The cold new Alesson has a different kind of beauty.

Unlike other human settlements on the planet, the birth of new lives is not allowed here, and the wireless network and mobile phones that modern people are accustomed to them are also prohibited here. Doing this, there is only one starting point -to ensure that this pure land is not affected by human activities.

In 1989, on the side of the peak of the mountain peak at 472 meters above sea level, human beings built another research station to detect air pollution. This research station is now widely known as the "Ziberlin Research Station".

From the perspective of Zabelin Research Station and Senior scientist at Norwegian Institute of Air, although the location of the Ziberlin Research Station is remote and even a bit primitive, it is an excellent position for studying atmospheric changes.

Every Friday, the scientists of the Norwegian Polar Research Institute will board the cable car to board the research station, collect air samples, maintain and replace the filter on the device. Sensing equipment can measure greenhouse gas, capture heavy metals, organic phosphorus pollutants in the air, and chloride, sulfur dioxide, smoke and other particulate matter related to fossil combustion, to provide reference benchmark for monitoring air pollution status on the earth, and also provides reference benchmarks, and and also provides reference benchmark for monitoring of air pollution. Help humans monitor subtle changes in the atmosphere of the earth.

The Arctic warms, the fjord is no longer freezing

However, even if there is no instrument, scientists who have lived and work here for many years can feel the great changes in this land in the past few decades.

Lyo-Arlder Hakim, an engineer of the Norwegian Polar Research Institute, has worked in New Oreson since 1984. "At that time, the fjord next to the fjord was always frozen. You can take the snowmaker." Hakim still remembered what he looked like when he first came to the new Alesson. At that time, there were many glaciers near the settlement. But now, the scope of glaciers has been significantly reduced, and the fjord has no longer frozen since 2007.

Listening to Hakim said here, Lone Jason, director of the Norwegian Polar Research Institute, is also sad. He said that in the 1980s, a place near the new Oreson is called "Brahmdarwalwa" and was once regarded as a peninsula. But with the melting of glaciers in the past years, the parts of the connection between the island of Blamest Lamalwa no longer exist and become an islands.

The North Pole is warming, and the scientists who live and work here really feel this. "The warm Atlantic flow flows in, which has changed the entire ecosystem of the new Oresson outskirts." Jason said, "It also affects polar bears. In the past, they often captured the seal of seals, but now, they have to adjust diet."

The data measured by the Ziberlin Research Station also confirmed the changes of the new Oreson and the entire Swarba Islands, and some changes are worrying.

Since 2005, the methane content in the air near the Zirlin Research Station has been increasing, and it has reached a record level in 2019. Although the methane content in the atmosphere is lower than carbon dioxide, the efficiency of methane in capturing calories is higher than carbon dioxide. This means that the increase in methane emissions caused by artificially threatening humans to control the global warming amplitude within 1.5 ° C.

The temperature of the Swarba Islands is also increasing at an unimaginable speed. Statistics show that from 1971 to 2019, the average annual temperature of the Swarba Islands has increased by 4 ° C, and the speed of warming is 4 to 5 times the global average. The temperature in winter rose above 7 ° C. Due to the melting of the sea ice, the polar bear could not return to the nest that once lived, and hunting became much more difficult because they need to rely on sea ice as a hunting ground. Now, people see more polar bears with careful walking and obvious malnutrition on the thin sea ice. The polar cod group, which originally lived in the waters near the Swarba Islands, was leaving here to try to find the colder waters. Their original homeland began to be "occupied" by the blue mussels that used to live on the warm waters along the French coast and the east coast of the United States. Experts predict that if this development trend is now allowed, by 2100, the average annual temperature of the Swalba Islands may increase by 7 ° C to 10 ° C.

Entering pure land, pollution particles landing

The rapid rise of temperature is one of the many troubles facing the Swarba Islands. Although it is regarded by humans as pure land, the Swarba Islands, especially the new Oreson, who exists as a research base, are no longer pure.

Ten days after a large earthquake in Japan, during the testing of the air near the research station, the researchers detected the radioactive elements generated by the fission reactor of the Fugue reactor of the Fukushima first nuclear power plant in the accident. This means that in just a few days, radioactive particles are enough to cross the atmosphere thousands of kilometers.

Scientists have also found that from March to May each year, the Zeppelin research station can detect high -concentration pollution particles in the air. Most of them come from Eurasia. Due to the chemical reactions in the atmosphere, the toxicity of these particles is a lot higher than when they originally generated.

Recently, researchers have also discovered that the content of micro -plastic in the snow -saving areas of Arctic remote areas has also increased a lot. This means that these micro -plastic are likely to follow the air flow, come to the Arctic, and start to erode this pure land.

"Unlike other particles monitored at the Zirlin Research Station, micro -plastic is completely artificial. They are composed of very durable polymers and contain a large number of chemical mixtures, many of which are toxic." Researcher Date Herzak said.

In the first half of this year, researchers at the Institute of Alfred, Germany, wrote in an article published in the "Nature Review Earth and the Environment" magazine that although the Arctic was still regarded by humans as "basically uninterrupted wilderness", But researchers in Germany, Norway, Canada, and the Netherlands believe that this statement can no longer truly reflect the actual situation of the Arctic. "Our research shows that the level of plastic pollution in the Arctic is equivalent to the level of other parts of the world."

Imagine what happened if there are more micro -plastic particles with chemicals, mixing in snowflakes and landing on this land? After all, many artificial chemicals cannot reach the Arctic under normal circumstances. Now, humans have to worry about the role of these micro -plastic particles as "courier", sending more chemicals to the Arctic region to cause damage to the fragile ecosystem here. Especially the dark plastic microcomposure may help ice and snow to absorb more sunlight and accelerate the melting of the Arctic Glacier.

Climate change, global destiny and common

Of course, as human beings gradually realized the issue of global climate change, the measurement of the Zeppelin Research Station was not all bad news.

Researchers have found that the content of heavy metals such as lead and mercury in the air has decreased. This may be due to the provisions of various countries that tighten the burning of waste. At the same time, humans have also greatly reduced the spraying organic phosphorus pesticides in the fields, so the type of chemical substances detected in the atmosphere near the Arctic also gradually decreased.

But to reverse the trend of global warming, it is not enough to rely on this. This summer, the heat of the northern hemisphere made humans feel the anger of nature.

The high temperature of 40 ° C for a hundred years "baked" is used to the cool summer night Europeans. Drought and mountain fire let people living in North America have been baked in the "Doomsday". Typhoon in the Northwest Pacific and South China Sea has also been "low -key" this year. When the temperature is soaring in other places, the Arctic Circle has no exception. The high temperature of 32.5 ° C makes scientists in the Arctic region rare the opportunity to put on short -sleeved shorts.

For the future of the Swarba Islands, Herzek dare not imagine. He just wished silently, hoping to hear the crackling sound of the melting and flowing water in the melting layer, and hoped that the healthy polar bears and the booming Arctic ecosystem would not become memories forever.

However, no matter whether it is good or bad, the future of the Swarba Islands will not be determined by locals. Because every move of everyone on the earth is writing its future.

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