"Pragrant" (below "in the ocean —— Use technology to light up the dream of the ocean ranch

Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, a country wants to be invincible in this fierce global competition and fully grasp its future destiny. To a large extent, it depends on the country's scientific and technological development level and scientific and technological competitiveness Essence The construction of marine pastures is no exception.

The first two issues introduced the basic situation of the marine pasture and the construction of various countries. Today, we focus on the domestic and see what level of the current construction of my country's marine pasture? In particular, look at what scientific research progress has been achieved in my country's marine pasture ~

Breakthrough in marine biological habitat construction technology research

The construction of marine pastures is the primary link of the construction of marine ranch. At present, in response to the creation of the marine pasture, my country has established artificial fish reef material screening technology, reef biological adhesion technology, anti -slip removal technology, reef group configuration combination technology, physical and environmental functions caused by technology and reef design and design. Structural optimization engineering technology.

Source of building a house: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Fish's beautiful home pictures source: Liu Yadan

Then build the garden in the sea. In response to the structure of seaweed and seagrass beds in the marine pasture, my country has developed ponyta, sealus, Jiangye, Longxu vegetable breeding technology, seedlings attachment technology, and seaweed optimal proliferation technology.

In addition, the research on mangroves has also made great progress. It has studied and established the selection of mangroves and the selection, species, cultivation and other technologies of tree species, and has begun to repair mangrove wetlands.

What is even more amazing is that the South my country Sea District has conducted comprehensive research on corals since the 1970s, and established typical tropical coral proliferation and restoration technology, coral natural shift repair technology, coral shift fixed technology, coral artificial breeding technology, etc. Essence

The beautiful home of the marine residents.

The breakthroughs of these technologies allow us not only to build a comfortable, beautiful, suitable, and solid durable house for fish, shrimp and crabs in the sea, but also construct a harmonious "community" to allow different varieties of aquatic creatures to live together.

In addition, you can build a garden for them. There are green seaweed in the garden, colorful flowers and plants, and beautiful corals to our sea park to make them prosperous.

Green Garden Picture Source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Breaking through marine pasture biological proliferation technology

Ocean proliferation release is an important way to improve the ecological environment of fishery waters, restore fishery resources, protect biodiversity, and promote sustainable fisheries in the construction of marine ranch.

Through proliferation and release, these biological resources are artificially replenished into the water, which increases resources, improves the population structure of biology, and can also maintain the diversity of creatures. Some endangered species, we can increase its number through proliferation and release, play a role in protecting these endangered species.

Since the 1980s, in order to restore the number of fishery resources in natural waters, my country first carried out the research on China ’s shrimp transmission and release technology in the Yellow Bohai Sea Water. Then it carried out a certain scale of fishery resources proliferation and release technology in coastal and inland waters. Research.

Source of the residents of the marine pasture: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Sea water proliferation varieties include shrimp, long hair, shrimp, scallops, barracuda, sea cucumbers, sea cucumbers, etc. This has played an important role in the restoration of fish and shellfish resources, and the logo release technology is an important means to study and evaluate the proliferation and release technology.

At present, we have developed the most suitable varieties, as well as the specifications and technologies of their release, and have developed the cultivation, transportation and proliferation technologies of these flowing fish fry. In recent years, the molecular labeling technology based on DNA sequence analysis has also been widely used for the proliferation and release of fish and shrimp, and has played an irreplaceable role.

Source of the residents of the ocean ranch Source: Dalian Ocean University

Source of the residents of the ocean ranch Source: Dalian Ocean University

Source of the residents of the marine pasture: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Break the domestic domestication control technology

The purpose of research on the research of domestic -proliferative species of proliferation species is to control these aquatic creatures in the pasture, thrive, escape the enemy, and obtain rich food. Cover the control of the proliferation fish and shrimp flowing to the marine pasture, which can greatly improve the proliferation and maintenance effects of flowing creatures.

Artificial fish reef collection fish picture source: Nanhai Aquatic Research Institute

Audio domestication is one of the main means of domestication. The behavioral control technology of the discharge species in the South China Sea District mainly develops the domestication control technology of "sound-bait" with audio bait bait, with significant effects.

Fish Sound domestication picture Source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

At present, the new automatic sound domestication equipment at sea has been studied. Nowadays, not just the ranch cow and sheep on TV can grow up listening to music, and the fish, shrimp and crabs in the ocean have this treatment!

Fish behavior domestication system picture source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Breaking through the intelligent monitoring technology of marine ranch

The intelligent monitoring technology of marine pastures is a smart marine pasture management platform based on the visualization, intelligence, and information system of marine pastures. It is equipped with a variety of monitoring instruments and sensors, which can collect and produce the marine ecological environment and production and operation in real time. data analysis.

In addition, it can also monitor the water quality, hydrology, meteorological, fishey dynamics, and safety information of marine pastures in real time; real -time early warning and forecasting of the ecological environment and production and operation of the marine pasture area; The security facilities of the security facilities are managed in an orderly manner of the production safety of the marine pasture; and the underwater video surveillance is used to monitor underwater target videos such as artificial fish reef areas and underground proliferation areas to achieve real -time visualization of marine pastures. In recent years, my country has invested a large number of manpower and material resources to actively establish marine three -dimensional monitoring network system, strengthen the establishment of the "digital marine" information basic framework. In the marine pasture, the beautiful and magical underwater world, all cute, izienther, and hateful creatures from all kinds Performance can also be displayed in real time.

Underwater intelligent monitoring photo picture Source: Liu Yadan

In order to strengthen the planning and management of marine pasture construction, relevant management agencies in my country have established a specialized management agency and technical support agency of marine ranch to prepare planning to lead the construction of marine pastures, gradually improve the technical standard system of marine ranch construction, and gradually form marine pasture construction management. Gradually improve the implementation mechanism of marine pastures, establish relevant management systems, and start scientific, reasonable and orderly, and ensure the sustainable use of biological resources in marine pastures.

At the same time, the construction of the marine pasture monitoring system has also been strengthened, real -time monitoring methods are improved, related plans are formulated, and measures are taken in time according to the monitoring and monitoring situation.

How many types are there in my country's marine pasture?

my country's marine pasture technology, fishery resource maintenance and proliferation technology have made breakthrough progress, promoting my country's marine fishery to resource maintenance and ecological friendly transformation, and effectively promoted the construction of marine ecological civilization and the progress of fishery science and technology. The increase of fishermen has laid an important technical foundation and has a wide range of technical applications.

So under technology, what is the marine pasture built in my country?

The first category is the fishery hyperactivity marine pasture: that is, the marine pasture mainly based on fishery biology, that is, seafood proliferation, is usually along the coast.

What do this type of marine pasture do?

First, the scientific layout and the construction of reefs and marine pastures, the main purpose is to protect natural spawning fields and protect endangered species. The second is to carry out the construction of sea treasures, seaweed and seaweed beds. Third, carrying algae in the artificial fish reef area, proliferating aquatic seedlings, supplementing biological resources, and building a natural fishing ground that is conducive to the reproduction and growth of marine life.

What kind of aquatic products can grow in such marine pastures? Sea cucumber, abalone, sea urchin, barracuda and other fish are all possible.

Sea treasures in the marine pasture Source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

The second category is the maintenance -type marine pasture: it is mainly based on the ecological maintenance and repair of the marine environment, and is committed to restoring the natural habitats of marine life, allowing fish, shrimp, crabbing to naturally reproduce and grow. Such pastures are usually along the coast of offshore.

Ecological repair marine pasture is a direction of encouraging development. Such marine pastures are mainly protected by the spawning field, bait field, overwintering or traveling route of a certain marine aquatic product. Sure.

Biological resources in the marine pasture recovery picture source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Third, casual marine pastures: mainly developing leisure and fisheries, usually on the coast, relying on fishing villages and fishing ports. The main products are leisure products, which are the combination of leisure fisheries, scientific exploration, and science display in the construction of marine pasture.

Casual marine pastures generally take into account one or more functions. The most common is to develop leisure fishing functions in fishery hyperactivity marine pastures, and develop leisure and tourism functions in ecological repair marine pastures.

Shandong Province Elun Bay Sea National Marine Ranch Demonstration Zone Picture Source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Having said so much, what should our ideal marine pasture look like? Let's see a set of pictures together. You can understand.

Artificial fish reef area algae and algae and more fish add pictures. Source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

Coral resources are restoring the source of the picture: The East China Fisheries Administration Bureau of the former Ministry of Agriculture

The algae growth is strong, the starfish beautiful and charming picture source: Dalian Ocean Ranch Research Institute

The number of thick shell mussels and anemia increases. Source: Original Ministry of Agriculture's Donghai Fisheries Administration Bureau

Various beautiful corals and cute and dexterous rock reef fish pictures Source: Liu Yadan provided

Photo Source: Original Agricultural Ministry of Agriculture Donghai Fisheries Administration Bureau

The construction of marine ranch is our practice of achieving beautiful ocean dreams. We hope that through the joint efforts of the whole society, the ocean is blue and the ocean is vibrant. In the construction of marine pastures, we look forward to being controlled by the atmosphere and the carbon dioxide concentration in the ocean, the ecology improves, and the biological breeding can be seen in the clear sea. Fish shrimp and thick and beautiful snails ...

Produced: Popular Science China

Author: Liu Yadan (Assistant/Researcher of the former Secretary -General of the Chinese Fisheries Society, a national chief scientific communication expert)

Producer: China Science Popularization Expo

Edit: Wang Tingting

references:

1. Tang Qisheng, "Chinese Aquatic Products", "Chinese Aquatic Products", May 2019

2. "Research on the Development Strategy of China Marine Ranch", the Institute of Fisheries and Fisheries Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture

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