The history of the history and the things will speak: once the goal was 36,000 kilometers of space, but the result was no chance

In the 1980s, the entire China set off a wave of watching women's volleyball games. Hundreds of millions of audiences across the country were struggling for the Chinese women's volleyball team and cheating. At that time, how many people were boiling in front of the TV! But there are one or two times, and the game has performed at a critical moment when the game is defeated. The TV signal suddenly interrupted, and the screen was dark. Just as people were anxious and overwhelmed, a row of subtitles suddenly made a row of subtitles on the dark screen: "Satellite rental time has arrived."

All this was because China did not have its own communication satellites at that time.

And everything will change because China has its own communication satellite.

On March 31, 1975, the Central Military Commission held the Eighth Standing Committee to approve the "Report on the Development of Chinese Satellite Communications" reported by the National Family Planning Commission and the National Defense Science and Technology Commission. This is the world -famous "331 project".

As we all know, the operating cycle of the earth synchronized satellite is the same as the Earth's rotation cycle, and the area coverage area is almost restless. The ground communication equipment only needs to be able to communicate with the satellite, and the coverage is wide, and there is no need to follow up. However, only at a height of 36,000 kilometers, the angle speed of the satellite can be exactly equal to the angular speed of the earth's rotation. Only this satellite can stay above the equator. Prior to this, the satellites launched in my country were low -orbital satellites, which can be hundreds of kilometers away from the surface of the earth. The height of "36,000" is the first time in China. At that time, the Jiuquan satellite launch center was not conducive to launching communication satellites due to high latitude. Therefore, the heavy responsibility of the "331 project" fell on the newly formed Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

The new launch field, new launch tasks, new rockets, and several new situations added. It can be imagined how difficult the challenge was at that time. From August 12th to 27th, 1983, the first work conference of the "331 Mission" was held in Beijing. At the beginning of the year, the launch will prepare three rockets and three satellites.

Prepare the three arrows Samsung, just ask for success once!

Dongfanghong No. 2 satellite is ready to go

On September 13, 1983, the "Long March III" carrier rocket arrived at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. When the rocket -like rockets like silver dragons slowly entered the launch site, the entire ravine boiled. After 14 years!

At the time of the first battle, the people in the Xichang launcher and the rocket -level landing area were evacuated on January 26, 1984. The ocean measurement ship had been driving to the designated sea area, and everyone was waiting for it. In order to ensure that the communication lines were unblocked during the launch, Liangshan Prefecture organized 50,000 militia to take on the line of protection. There was a militia standing under each wire pole, and it was inseparable day and night. Everyone is looking forward to the moment when the "ignition" password is issued.

The take -off time was set at 8.24.22 seconds. With the loud noise, the Long March 3 carrier rocket dragged orange -red flames and rushed to the vast night sky. "Rockets first flight is normal!" normal! normal! Victory seems to be beckoning in front. However, there was a problem at the second time at the third level of the Rockets, and the satellite failed to enter the scheduled track smoothly, and only entered a near -ground track with a height of 400 kilometers.

The militia guarding the electric pole that year

Tens of thousands of candidates, more than 4 months of hard work, thought that after success, I could go home and celebrate the Spring Festival, but it was extremely close to the failure of success and gave the participants as a head -up. The candidate unanimously decided: starting heavy heads and vowing to succeed! Everyone has forgotten the existence of the Spring Festival, can't care about rest, let alone reunite with loved ones, and go all out to invest in fault analysis.

Although the launch failed for the first time, after this launch, the correct and reliability of the central launch system and the measurement and control system was verified, and all the participants also had a good exercise psychologically, providing experience and reference for the re -launch. After careful investigation and all preparations, the headquarters had the confidence of winning and made decisions: prepare the second launch immediately!

On April 8, 1984, after overcoming heavy sharpening and testing, a historic moment was ushered in. "Ignition!" Suddenly, the whole valley broke out of the loud noise, and the Long March 3 carrier -carrier rocket, which was re -required, was equipped with a communication satellite. After a while, there were constant reports of reports in the command hall: "The first -class rocket is flying normally!" "The second -class rocket flight is normal!" Success! "The news came out of the scheduling.

The satellite is accurate, and the launch task is successful! The Great Liangshan Valley was boiling, and everyone cheered and shouted. They shook hands and hugs each other. Everyone's face was filled with a happy glory. Everyone's eyes were full of tears.

Dongfanghong No. 2 satellite launch

At 18:27 and 57 seconds on April 16, 1984, the "Dongfanghong No. 2" communication satellite was drifting all the way and finally reached the destination. China Aerospace conquered 36,000 kilometers from Earth for the first time. It marks that my country has become the third country in the world to master rocket hydroxide engine technology and the fifth country that can independently develop and launch static track communication satellites.

Long March No. 3 Loe Rocket

In a factory building in the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, it is displayed as a spare arrow for the "Oriental Red 2" satellite launch mission.The milky white arrow is printed with bright red five -star red flags, and after years of baptism, it is still smooth as new.Its existence witnessed a history of Xichang Aerospace people from scratch, stunning, and moving towards high -oriented.For more than 30 years, every newly -employed scientific and technological personnel will come to it. Listening to the predecessors telling this moving story, and also attracted a group of guests and students to visit the punch card and become the Xichang satellite launch center.Carry out precious historical relics of patriotism education and quality education.(Author: Hu Yan Huang Guochang Lu Na)

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