Ask a lot of experiments in the cabin, and the space science is upper step

On July 24th, the highly anticipated questioning of the Sky Experimental Cels was sent to space by the Long March 5 carrier rocket, which was successfully connected to the space station Tian and the core compartment. It is understood that I asked the Tianshi experimental cabin to carry 8 experimental cabinets, which takes life science and biotechnology research as the main task. What are the specific content of these scientific research? Why do you develop on the space station? Recently, a reporter from the China Aerospace News visited the relevant experts of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and experts answered these questions.

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Biomedical welcoming opportunities

"Asked the experimental cabin in four fields including space life science and biotechnology, micro -gravity fluid physics, space materials science, and space application new technology test and deployed more than 10 research themes. At present, more than 40 scientific projects have been established. Space Station has been established. Space Station. After completion, it will continue to demonstrate and implement related scientific projects. "Lu Congmin, a researcher at the Space Application Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and deputy chief chief of manned aerospace engineering space application system.

In order to ensure the smooth development of the above scientific tasks and continuously produce scientific results, the space application system has deployed the life ecological experimental cabinet, biotechnology experimental cabinet, scientific glove boxes and low -temperature storage cabinets, gravity science experimental cabinets, etc. Facilities are equipped with supporting equipment for application tasks inside and outside the cabin, and jointly support the implementation of scientific projects in the orbiting task chain.

Life Ecological Experiment Cabinet

Among them, the life ecological experimental cabinet is based on multiple types of biological individuals (such as plant seeds, seedlings, plants, and small animals) as experimental samples. Try to reveal the impact of micro -gravity on the growth, development, and metabolism of biological individuals, promote human understanding of the essence of life phenomena, study spatial radiation biology and sub -magnetic effects and mechanisms, and explore the establishment of an applied controlled life ecosystem. It is expected Astronauts provide scientific basis for rail radiation injury assessment and protection.

Biotechnology experimental cabinet

The biotechnology experimental cabinet is based on different levels of tissue, cells and biochemical molecules as the research object, and conducts experiments such as cell tissue culture, spatial protein crystals and analysis, protein and nucleic acid co -origin, spatial biomechanics and other experiments to explore the micro -gravity environment The rules and mechanisms of lower cell growth, differentiation, and mechanisms may provide theoretical foundation for human health and reproductive development; the impact of exploration of gravity effects on the origin and evolution of life; Sexual discovery is expected to play an important role in guiding the research and application of organizational engineering and biomedicine.

Scientific glove boxes and low -temperature storage cabinets

Scientific glove boxes provide clean and closed space and temperature and humidity environment control, configure smart robotic arm, and have cell -level fine operation capabilities. The glove box provides safe and efficient support for astronauts to operate multi -disciplinary experimental samples. The low -temperature storage device has three typical low temperature stored temperature storage areas (minus 80 degrees Celsius, minus 20 degrees Celsius, 4 degrees Celsius), which can meet the low temperature storage requirements of different experimental samples.

Gravity science experimental cabinet open

Change gravity science experimental cabinet provides 0.01 ~ 2G high -precision simulation of gravity environment for scientific experiments, adopts advanced wireless transmission energy and carrier communication technology Scientific research such as particle material movement.

Lu Congmin introduced that he also deployed energy particles detectors and plasma in situ imaging detectors outside the experimental compartment to obtain environmental elements such as spatial proton, electronics, neutron, heavy ions and plasma. The safety operation of the space station provides support and support, and can also be used for basic research on space environment.

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Special environmental hardware prepare

As a national space laboratory, the completion of the Chinese Space Station will support the development of long -term, multi -field, and large -scale space science and application research.

Astronauts enter the questioning cabin (Source: CCTV)

Zhang Wei, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Application Center and director of the Applied Development Center, summarized the advantages of the Chinese Space Station from 4 aspects.

First, China Space Station can provide a special research environment such as long -term micro -gravity and radiation.

Zhang Wei said that on the earth, the life, the life, the gravity, and certain essential laws will be covered. Under the condition of micro -gravity, scientists have hopes to discover the essential laws of these substances. Not only that, some physical effects will produce some physical effects under micro -gravity conditions. "The first is that the buoyancy decreases greatly; the second is that the precipitation and layered phenomenon basically disappear; the third is that the pressure gradient is greatly reduced." Zhang Wei said.

Second, the Chinese Space Station has astronauts participating, which is convenient for experimental operations, experimental module replacement, and maintenance.

Third, the China Space Station can carry out world -round -trip transportation, which can realize the replacement of experimental module and the return of experimental samples. After conducting scientific experiments such as life and materials, it is necessary to bring the experimental sample back to the ground for further research.

Fourth, at a specific rail height at the China Space Station, it is convenient for astronomical, global observation and spatial physics research.

In this regard, Zhang Wei gave an example of astronomical observation: due to the atmospheric absorption and interference, gamma rays, X -rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared, etc. in the universe cannot be effectively observed on the ground. To space.

It is worth mentioning that after the construction of the China Space Station is completed, it will run for more than 10 years.In addition to having the developed advanced scientific experimental cabinets, the exterior exposure experimental device and the future launch of the optical cabin of the space station cabin will also bring opportunities for more scientific experiments.Source: China Aerospace News

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