What is the special thing about the robots created by this fish inspired by scientists?

"When we are in the sandy land, when the tide flood is coming, there are many jumping fish just jumping, there are two feet like frogs ..." This is the countryside of Mr. Lu Xun's prose "Hometown". Surmo.

The law of the division is natural, and the magical nature can always inspire people and promote the progress of science and technology. Can you imagine it? There is a small gas analyzer in the cockpit of the spacecraft, which is used to detect the gas components in the cabin, which is inspired by the disgusting flies; there is also the "radar exploration path developed according to the principle of the bat ultrasonic positioner "Yiyi"; The cranes of the design of animal claws are linked to the creation of these inventions.

Image source: veer gallery

This time, what kind of inspiration to scientists has given scientists? What did scientists create?

First, what fish is bouncing fish?

Mr. Lu Xun mentioned that the frog-like jumping fish is actually a bouncing fish, with a body length of 50-90 mm. It is widely distributed in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Southeast Asia. It is a warm and warm near-shore small fish. , The salty and freshwater area of ​​the mangrove area and the shallow water areas along the coast, as well as the beach coating in the beach with silt and sediment.

Image source: veer gallery

The bulging fish's eyes grow on the top of the head, and food and natural enemies can be found from a distance. Different from ordinary fish living in the water, they can not only swim in the water in the water, but also travel happily; they can also absorb oxygen through the capillaries of the skin surface and the inner wall of the mouth and gill cavity. Survival provides necessary conditions. If you see the bouncing fish dazed, it is mostly using this "alternative breathing method".

From April to September each year is the most active season for bouncing fish. If you are in the seaside city, you can often see them jumping happily in the shallow beach, but you may be hard to imagine that they are not foraging. "The male bomb -coating fish is actually attracting the attention of the opposite sex to complete the reproduction of the type.

The jumping behavior of the bouncing fish benefits from the perfect cooperation of their well -developed pectoral fins and peritoneal fin muscles. When jumping, the fins open like small "flagfish". Of course, they can also use the fins of the abdomen to "walk" flexibly and quickly in the mud to avoid the predation of natural enemies.

2. Scientific and technological innovation brought by Bionicism

Natural organisms show unique abilities through autonomous feedback and effective sports strategies, such as earthworm crawling, fish swimming and jumping, etc., to better adapt to a complex and changeable living environment. The dynamic adaptability of biological body has stimulated scientists to find similar sports strategies to develop biological bionic robots. However, most drivers have a single function and limited application scenarios, which seriously affects its further development and utilization. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop response driving devices applicable to multi -scenario applications and multi -functional drivers.

Plasma fish has unique features of land crawling, swimming in water, and jumping in mud. It is a fish with multi -scene adaptability and multifunctional drive behavior. Inspired by Platform Fish, the Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Institute of Holly Lubrication National Key Laboratory Surface and Interface Research Team developed a smart optical drive that responded to various environments.

Picture source: Author self -made

Third, why can the bomb -coated fish drive film swim on the water under the light?

Light provides a unique advantage of wireless driver and remote manipulation in a controllable and continuous way. At the same time, the optical drive can work under different mechanisms, such as optical chemistry, optical and thermal effects, and photoelectric conversion. Very promising research field.

The driver's film developed by the researcher has excellent light thermal oxide (GO) materials with excellent light thermal effects, which can convert light energy into thermal energy. When the light that floats on the water on the surface The surrounding liquid causes the surface tension of local water to rise and affects water.

Picture source: Author self -made

When you are home, you can't wait to know what connections do you want to know about the surface tension of temperature and water? It turns out that the surface tension of water at different temperatures is different. When the temperature of the water rises, the surface tension will become smaller, and vice versa.

Therefore, after the light driving driver's film, the liquid surrounding the area around the area is heating up, causing the surface tension to become smaller, but the surface tension of the liquid on the regional liquid without light irradiation has not changed. Then the two sides of the film will have the same force due to the different surface tension, and drive the film to swim on the side of the surface tension. Just like the tug of war that we have all played, the rope will move towards a large side. The characteristics of water have also been effectively by scientists.

Fourth, how to control the direction of mounted fish driving membrane swimming?

The direction of controlling film tours efficiently and accurately requires a lot of experimental attempts. Everyone knows that the ship is usually a sharp shape. This shape can effectively reduce the resistance of the water receiving water, and our liquid surface swimming device It is also necessary to achieve artificial controlling operations through reasonable design.

Picture source: Author self -made

It is found that the triangular driver's film can be swim quickly by the light of the triangle through experimental exploration, but there is an uncontrollable flaw in the direction. It is obviously difficult to do if it can complete the operation of the liquid level to swim, turn, and rotate.

The irresistible reasons of the thin -film direction of the film are that the head angle is too sharp, and it is cut into a trapezoidal shape. It is not necessary to make the film's straight line driving without a little speed. In this way, we only need to shine the light to the center of the bottom to achieve the straight line motion of the film. Another advantage is that it is the light of the bottom edge of the trapezoidal, which can also make the film complete. After getting forward and retreating, you should consider the turning problem of the film when encountering the curve. How can the film be transformed while the film swims forward? By calculating the direction of the co -force when the film turns, we quickly designed the position of the division force, so after the trapezoidal area was cut off on the basis of the trapezoidal shape, various types of swim behaviors can be achieved by irradiation.

Fifth, can bombs and fish drive membranes jump?

Under the light stimulus, the driver can jump from the liquid medium to the air in the extremely short response time (400 ms). The maximum speed is 2 m/s, and the height can reach 14.3 cm.

Picture source: Author self -made

The reasons for the jumping behavior of the light -driven device are actually very simple. As mentioned earlier, the GO has a light thermal effect. When the film exists in the liquid medium, the light is bent and deformed. And form a small bubble. The number of small bubbles will gradually increase and integrate into the air bubbles. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the air bubble reaches a certain value, the bubbles are ruptured, and a huge driving force drives the film to jump into the air from the liquid.

Researchers are inspired by bulk -coating fish. The driving film developed can be used like a bouncing fish to be bent in the air medium, the air/liquid interface is swimming, and the liquid medium jump. This driver with multi -functional driving behavior and multi -scenario application characteristics is of great significance to the simple modular combination of optical response materials. It has a certain amount of applications in the fields of micro robots, sensors, and response movements in the further development of bionic drives and in the fields of miniature robots, sensors and response movements. Reference and reference value.

The creatures of nature contain the greatest invention inspiration, and the development of science and technology is inseparable from people's learning of nature. With the accumulation of knowledge, the ability of human beings to use nature and transformation of nature is getting stronger. Each bionic technology has gradually entered our lives and promoted society's progress. Here I call for you who love science to walk into nature with me, stop Fanglin, find inspiration from nature, explore the mystery of nature, and create new technology.

Produced: Popular Science China

Author: Xiangyang Yang (Institute of Lanzhou Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Producer: China Science Popularization Expo

references:

Yangyang Xiang, Bo Yu*, Feng Zhou*, et al., Toward a Multifunctional Light-Driven Biomimetic Mudskipper-Like Robot for Various Application Scenarios, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2022, 14(17), 20291–20302.

Original link: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.2c03852

The China Science Popularization Expo is the Science Popular Science Platform of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is sponsored by the Computer Network Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Relying on the high -end scientific resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it is committed to spreading cutting -edge scientific knowledge and providing fun science and education services.

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