Why is "you look far away when you look at me, you look close to the cloud"?Because Yun really looks good!

"You look at me in a while, and look at the cloud for a while. I think you look far away when you look at me. You see the clouds very close." The poet Gu Cheng's "Foresight and Near" seems to be normal, but it is intriguing. 24 words in the whole poem, describing "you", "I", and "cloud" are focused changes, and use "distance" to explain the different feelings of visual transformation. Yun not only often appears in the poet's pen, but also inspires the inspiration of artists and philosophers. The colorful clouds can be "turned into" a variety of forms at any time. Some are like animals, some like some objects, which are wonderful, making people have to sigh the magic of nature.

Diversity and classification of clouds

As we all know, the cloud is a tangible result of the huge water cycle on the planet. The sun shines on the surface, and the evaporation of water forms water vapor. Once the water vapor is too saturated, the water molecules will gather around the dust (condensate) in the air, and the water droplets or crystals generated will scatter the sun in all directions, which will produce the appearance of the cloud. Therefore, the cloud is a large amount of fine water droplets or ice crystals or two mixes (sometimes containing some large raindrops and ice and snow particles) that are suspended in the atmosphere near the ground. It does not touch the ground at the bottom.

Typical height drawing schematic diagram of the cloud layer in the middle latitude area

According to the height and appearance characteristics of the clouds of the cloud, it is initially divided into the Ten Three: the Three Tops: the Gaoyun tribe (above 4.5 kilometers), the Zhongyun nationality (2.5 ~ 4.5 kilometers), and the low clouds (0.1 ~ 2.5 thousand thousands of thousands Mi); Ten belongs are rolling clouds, roll -up clouds, convolution clouds, high -rise clouds, high -accumes, clouds, layer clouds, rain layers, clouds, clouds, and accumulated rain clouds. From the appearance, we can remember the words "accumulation", "layer", "volume", "rain": the cloud that accumulates like cotton; layer fingers are like a layer of gray sand full of clouds; volume fingers finger Clouds like curly hair; rain is a cloud that brings rain.

The cloud map created by the author

The author quickly wrote the light color cloud map of spring, summer, autumn and winter around 1975 as the material, and introduced several of them. The first mid -high cloud cloud often appeared in the small cloud group (this painting depicts Gao Jiyun near the evening. There is a variant in the high layer of clouds, and there is a gap between the small cloud blocks. Yun is easy to confuse Gao Jiyun in Zhongyun. The sky is drifting; in the third, fog is sometimes considered to be the ground cloud, but in fact, their formation is very different from the layer cloud; Contains Gao Jiyun and layer of clouds.

If you haven't seen the clouds, you should really go out. This cloud belongs to the low clouds (the height of the cloud underground is less than 2000 meters) and is the most likely to see in the clouds.积云是好天气的象征，通常形成于天亮后的几个小时，往往在日落之前便会消散，这是因为积云形成于上升暖气流上——当地表空气被太阳加热之后会上升，形成We can't see the transparent air column.

Most of the accumulated clouds will not generate rain or snow, but in the unstable air, its bright and clear broccoli form will grow upwards, so their cloud species can develop from small air accumulation to Zhongyun, and then develop again. The largest form of accumulated clouds -strong accumulation clouds. After ominous dark clouds, this cloud no longer represents good weather. The strong clouds will cause heavy rain, and it will continue to develop into a fierce rain cloud that leads to storms.

The science and art of Yuncai

Emerson said: "Naturally a variety of clouds, always the same, but never the same." This shows the relationship between the cloud as a visible atmosphere and the nature of nature.我们经常听到想象力丰富的小朋友喊道“天空的云儿像xx”，其实这些感觉都基于云彩的变化多端，但各种云的本质仍然是大气中的水蒸气遇冷液化成小水滴或The floating polymers made of small ice crystals and mixed. There are also some clouds that are caused by their optical phenomena and remember in people's minds. For example, many years ago, the author had taken a shot of a cloud in the evening of the sun in the early summer. Image.

Someone in the West has been doing "collecting" work for clouds. Among them, the more representative organizations are the British Cloud Association. It is said that the number of people joining the organization around the world has reached 40,000. The president of the association, Gavin Prett-Pin Ni, was a well-known British journalist. The association was established because he likes to watch the cloud and also likes to study Yuncai-related knowledge. This association achieved a major performance in 2017: March 23 of that year, World Meteorological Day, the World Meteorological Organization officially acknowledged a new type of cloud color -rough clouds proposed by the Cloud Association, and at the time, the "International Cloud Map at that time "The theme of the World Meteorological Day that year was also determined to be regarded as Guanyun.

Scientists use satellite cloud maps and other technologies to tell us about clouds and weather, and in the artist, Yun has another situation. For example, Xiangyun is a symbol of Xiangrui, and it is said that it is the clouds drove by the fairy. The torch body passed by the Beijing Olympic Games is engraved with auspicious cloud patterns. Its graphics structure indicates that it is the accumulation of clouds in the low clouds, and is a blessing and symbol of the good weather of the wind and the good weather.

Fantasy cloud science

Due to the characteristics of Yuncai and its optical scenes, it is unpredictable and mysterious, it has brought a huge imagination to people. For example, the optical phenomenon produced by the clouds include Hongcai Yun, Hua, Dushuang Bar, Baoguang, Rainbow, Yunhong, 22 degrees halo, fantasy sun, ringing arcs, sun pillars, and so on. The comics have exaggerated and humorous artistic characteristics, so Yun is used by the creative of cartoonists. Although the comics have a sense of exaggeration, some exaggerations are based on scientific principles, as in the following two paintings containing cloud elements: "Emergency Rescue" shows that the rain layer cloud is moved under a certain power mechanism (such as Xia Xia The storm caused by the unstable weather); "Natural Raiders" shows that the cloud not only has buoyancy (the proportion is lighter than adjacent air), but also "loaded" -just like artificial airship. emergency rescue

Natural crane

Fan Gao's famous Western impressionist painters often appear in the landscape painting of the scenery. For example, the clouds painted in his masterpiece "Starry Sky" seem to be out of his subjective creation, and sometimes even reflect the psychological role of the artist. In his paintings, the clouds on the sky seem to be the thought or spiritual change in his mind. Therefore, although his cloud in the painting has no reference to the typical scientific scene, he also has room for his psychological performance.

Fan Gao "Starry Sky"

Let's take a look at the domestic landscape painters in ancient Chinese and modern. They are also masters of cloud maps. They let the white and mysterious clouds cover the picture, so that clouds are useful in landscape painting. These strong freehand paintings seem to have a fairy -like imagination on the surface, but they follow natural sciences. For example, the landscape paintings of Shi Tao, a great painter on the right, are very special: the expression of life and space in life is fully reflected in the painting. In addition to the "people go high, water flows to low places" in accordance with the laws of nature and society, In addition to the dynamic, Feiyun, which occupies the subject of the picture and the beginning of the flowing water, not only interprets the transformation of water and the scientific knowledge of the atmospheric circulation, but also reflects the dynamic life of Shi Tao's "waves of the world, traveling around".

This article comes from the magazine of "Knowledge is Power". The original title "Various Colorful Cloud Science". The author Liu Xiqing, deleted and modified, please indicate the source of the original work.

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