Scientists have threatened to use the sun to cool the earth and cool the earth. Is it reliable?

The increasingly serious greenhouse gases have led to the continuous rise in the global average temperature. The global climate self -regulating system is being destroyed. Various disasters have become increasingly endangering human survival, which has become an indisputable fact.

Scientific modeling shows that the average temperature rises by 3 degrees (degrees Celsius, the same latter) is a threshold. Once you reach this critical point, the earth's climate balance system will collapse, out of control and cannot be reversed, and extreme disasters will become more and more intensive. The lid melts, the sea level rises, and the extinction of creatures will inevitably come, and it is difficult for humans to escape.

Studies have shown that the temperature has risen by 1 degree in 100 years, and the heating is still accelerating, and constantly approaching the threshold. In order to save themselves and the entire ecology, human beings are trying to prevent the speed of rising temperatures. All countries around the world have signed the so -called "Paris Agreement". The main core idea is to achieve the temperature increase control in the end of this century through global cooperation and joint efforts. Within 1.5 degrees.

So why does the temperature rise and how to curb it?

The main reason for the rise in temperature is that the greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is constantly increasing. The so -called greenhouse gases mainly include water vapor (H O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen oxide (N₂o), Flun, methane (CH₄), etc. Among them, carbon dioxide accounts for 50%of the weight of greenhouse gas, which is the main culprit that causes the earth's warming.

Human activity is the main source of carbon dioxide emissions. Since modern industrialization, due to increasing human burning chemical fuel, carbon dioxide emissions have become increasingly increasing. According to scientific research, after the industrialization of human society, the proportion of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has continued to rise, especially in the past 100 years, which has increased faster and faster.

Survey statistics show that within 10,000 years before the Industrial Revolution, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has remained at a relatively stable level, about 280ppm. After 1950, the annual growth rate reached 0.7ppm. From 2005 to 2014, the annual growth rate reached about 2.1 ppm/year.

In 2020, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has reached 412.48 ppm, which means that the proportion of carbon dioxide reaches more than four percent of the total atmosphere, which is 47%more than before industrialization!

Carbon dioxide is stronger than the air density, and it will precipitate at the bottom of the atmosphere, just like a large glass covering us. This glass cover is very special. It will put the sun radiation energy in, but it blocks its reflection. The more accumulated and more, the greenhouse effect becomes more and more obvious, leading to increasingly warming the global climate.

There are two ways to solve the problem of greenhouse effects, one is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and the other is to reduce sun radiation. The "Paris Agreement" is initiated by the United Nations. It is signed by countries to sign a contract that realizes global energy conservation and emission reduction. The purpose is to achieve carbon neutral targets through mutual supervision and constraints of various countries. The so -called carbon neutrality is through various channels such as tree planting, and the negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions are completely disappeared and zero emissions are achieved.

This is a mainstream measure to deal with climate warming disasters at present, and it is also a long process of continuous efforts. To achieve the goal, people's production and living habits need to be changed. It is easy to say, but it is difficult to achieve.

In addition, is there any other way? Some scientists have suggested that if the sun radiation can be shielded, it can cool the earth faster, just like the sun exposure in the sun in the sun. Suddenly there is a big tree, and the temperature will drop quickly.

How can we block the sunlight to achieve the cooling effect?

In fact, the shielding sunlight here is not to block all the sunlight, but to make the sun darker. The earliest proposed this idea was the Nobel Prize winner Paul Cruzen. He put forward the idea of ​​flat air -solid -oscillary injection in an article 15 years ago. The purpose of cooling the earth.

This idea comes from the cooling effect of the earth caused by volcanic eruption. Scientific research has found that there have been many large ice and small ice periods in history, which is the severe cold and large -scale glaciers activities caused by temperature decline. In addition to some astronomical events, it has a very close relationship with the volcanic eruption.

This is because the volcanic eruption will erupt a large number of volcanic ash to dozens of kilometers high, enter the flat stratum, permeate a large area and even cover the world. These tiny particles reflect the sun and reduce the solar radiation on the surface of the earth. The temperature decreases rapidly, and then leads to the emergence of the ice period.

A scientific team study in 2009 found that from 1275 to 1300, tropical regions experienced four large -scale volcanic eruptions, which led to a global average temperature decrease; from 1430 to 1450, a large -scale volcanic eruption also occurred, corresponding to the correspond The climate became cold and it occurred during the small glacier period from the 15th to 17th centuries.

The most recent volcanic eruption was the outbreak of Pinato volcano in the Philippines, injecting about 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide into the flat flow layer, extending at the atmosphere of 10 kilometers to 50 kilometers above sea level. The average temperature returned to the era of the steam engine in 18 months.

This is the truth that the scientific community predicted in the winter. When a nuclear war in the world, the sky -high dust stretched out of the sky to cover the sky in the atmosphere, which led to the lack of sunshine in the earth and entered the cold nuclear winter. Plants died due to lack of photosynthesis. The animal food chain broke, and the species were large. The scale perish. Scientists are inspired by these. Imagine if they artificially simulate volcanic eruptions, spray certain material gas solidaries to the atmosphere, so as to reduce the sun to cool down the earth to fight the earth's heating due to greenhouse gases.

Is it that simple? In this case, why should you stay near? At present, people in the world have the spirit of "worrying about the sky". They are racking their brains. In order to keep the temperature below 1.5 degrees at the end of this century, it is burnt. Intersection

As a result, some scientists are eager to try, and want to see how much effect is this "pepper noodles" through experiments. A scientific team in Harvard University in the United States put forward the idea of ​​the "Sun Earth Engineering Project" in 2014, and set up a studio called "SCOPEX) called" SCOPEX ". Essence

The implementation of the "shading project" is not easy to implement, and the opponents

Regarding the issue of "pepper noodles" on the atmosphere, people have been arguing for more than ten years, and they have not yet won. Some environmentalists believe that this deliberate activity is likely to bring unexpected consequences to the atmosphere, which causes human disasters; others believe that although this method is valid, it is uncontrollable and the risk is too great.

American climate scientist Markel E. Mann compared this method to pain medicine. He believes that painkillers can lead to harmful addiction. Once the world starts to inject the granules of the "dark" sun, it may not stop in the future.

The Dean of the School of Public Policy and Urban Affairs of Northeast University of Boston, Jenny C. Stephens, said that the solar earth engineering is a very narrow way to treat the climate crisis. What kind of affected people will be affected in the world and so on.

Although the opponents are crowded and "righteousness is righteous", it is not possible to solve the problem of the earth's heating up. Of course, it is the best way to reducing carbon emissions to achieve a balance between the earth, but this method is very slow, and the global overall operation is difficult and the results are very small.

Many countries around the world have not been calm, and they have never stopped fighting, so the process of reducing carbon emissions is difficult. Even if the "Paris Agreement" is a agreement to save humans, countries still take their own small abacus. On the negotiating table, they are all rows for themselves. The cannon plus fists.

As a result, scientists believe that the hope of reaching temperature control goals at the end of this century is really slim. If the temperature breaks through the critical point, the Earth's self -regulation system will be out of control. The devastating disaster will come. What is the use of empty words?

Therefore, many scientists still want to try it. In case of that day, the two powers are harmful, and this method has to play. Of course, scientists know more than we can't mess up than us. They must make a computer scientific modeling, clarify the mechanism of air -soluble effects sprinkled to the atmosphere, and explore what substances are the best, accurate spraying amount, high level of spraying, spray range, scope of spraying range , Simten to the final effect and the possible consequences.

After you figure it out, you can experiment from a small range, and then gradually push to practicality.

Can the "shading" cool down the earth in the end?

The co -author of the Sun Earth Engineering Project Papers, Harvard University Director of Control and Director of the Experimental Academic Director Kisi has been trying to promote the project process. At present, it has raised $ 16.2 million in funding. The Hugat Foundation, as well as some other charity.

Now, the Harvard University Sun Engineering Project has gone at the forefront of this kind of research. They took the lead in completing computer scientific modeling, and began to transfer this project from the laboratory to the flat flow test. The first phase of this project is planned to cost $ 3 million. The specific operation is to conduct two cannon flight tests in the southwestern United States. Flying to the flat flow layer at 20 kilometers, there is no life existence.

After completing a 20 -kilometer air platform test, the experiment will be transferred to the next stage, adding equipment to spray tiny calcium carbonate gas -solid solidifiers. These particles will reflect the sun back to space like a microscope. The number of calcium carbonate began to release is only about 1 kg, which is not enough to trigger any measured cooling.

Of course, with the increasing maturity of the test conditions, the number and scope of release will be expanded, and the goal of cooling and even global cooling in local areas will eventually reach the target of local areas.

This experiment was originally prepared to start in 2019, and later delayed to early 2021. It was planned to be carried out at the ASSS Aerospace Center in northern Sweden, but it was canceled due to the strong opposition of environmentalists and local groups. The Harvard team's scientists are not discouraged and have been preparing and striving for the test.

Keith believes that the task is not to test whether the solar earth project is feasible, but to improve the scientific level of this project. Through various experiments, researchers can evaluate potential side effects, including possible ozone consumption, increased air pollution and weather. Changes in patterns. The key social issues facing are whether it is worth taking this risk to avoid the extreme consequences of global warming. Keith said: "We will not face risk -free choices. The question is how to weigh risks." Therefore, whether this scheme is feasible in the end, it still needs to be harmful to each other. When human beings are facing extinction, even if they need to bear some risks, saving action must be carried out.

Frank Koych, the person in charge of the Harvard University SCOPEX experiment, said that if the global warming trend continues, the world will move towards disaster. The best way is to prepare the most terrible consequences of the tools. He believes that it is because of many unknown projects that he needs to do trials. He hopes to implement the task of launching armal balloon in 2022.

He said: It takes a long time to study this study. If people need to start research when they need this, it is too late.

I agree with his claims that humans can go further. It's August now, and there is no news on the balloon test of Scopex. Can this step this year take this step? Wait and see. So, what do you think of this method of cooling the sun to the earth? Welcome to discuss reviews.

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