Let "China Creation" brighten the deep "Sky Eyes"!

In the early morning, Guizhou Pingtang Daowi. The large reflection surface of the telescope is the radio signal data captured from the vast universe, which is continuously transmitted to the Guiyang astronomical big data base of more than 100 kilometers away.

Known as the "China Eye Eye" 500 -meter -caliber, the surface of the radio telescope. Since its opening on September 25, 2016, 279 pulse stars have been found, which is more than twice the total number of other pulse stars in the international telescope in the same period; Capturing the extremely rare fast radio violence explosion; a rapid radio violence origin mechanism involved in the participation was selected as the top ten scientific discoveries of "Nature" ...

"Creation of China" brighten the deep "Tianyan" and explore the mystery of the universe.

Open up the foundation of scientific research with innovative thinking

If you want to be good, you must first benefit your instrument. The construction of "China Eye" is a pre -deployment full of strategic vision.

In the 1990s, when internationally was still in the world how to build a new generation of Grand Retower Telescope and where to build a dispute, Chinese science and technology workers headed by the south of Rendong proposed a very challenging and almost empty idea, and got the country. support.

"Independence", "Construction of Karst Land Objects", "Construction of Technology as immature". After Nan Rendong and others clarified these three, even the karst pits that the telescope was about to settle in the Karst pits did not know anywhere, so they started to do it.

With hundreds of satellite remote sensing pictures, several people embarked on the road of addressing for ten years. To find the most suitable and cost -saving "home" for the telescope, you can only use your feet to "measure" with your feet. After repeated screening, I finally found Dawo 凼 in Pingtang County, Guizhou Province -the deep "eye socket" that is most suitable for "Tianyan".

In the past, the reflection surface of similar radio telescopes was fixed, and it could only scan the position of about 20 degrees in the sky by changing the position of the receiver. In order to obtain a larger observation range under the volume of the same project, Nan Rendong came up with the idea of ​​active reflection surface, and painted overnight on the draft.

At that time, in some people's eyes, it was a "sketch" that was difficult to support engineering technology. Nan Rendong took the team to do experiments and went to major colleges and universities to "recruit soldiers and buy horses".

On August 2010, the project started. "The top domestic steel cable applied on the cable bridge has a standard intensity of 200 MPA and 2 million bent. It is broken in the experiment of 'Sky Eye'." Essence

At that time, Jiang Peng, a doctor of mechanics who was just responsible for fatigue at the time. He set up a "military order" and cooperated with a company to conduct the most systematic and largest fatigue test ever in history. After nearly a hundred failures, it took a year and a half to finally find a breakthrough to develop a steel cable that meets the requirements.

The "Sky Eye" team grows day by day. Just for the innovative thinking of the active reflection surface, dozens of people contributed what they have learned. The united institutes, universities, enterprises and other parties have completed a series of innovations.

With unremitting efforts to ensure the scientific research environment

When the "Sky Eye" was completed, Jiang Peng had taken over the burden of the chief engineer. The debugging and operation and maintenance are not easy. The working intensity of the hydraulic promoter of the reflected surface cable network is very high. The engineer must inspect every day. Tired of repetitive labor.

"Jiang Peng proposed to build a reflected surface safety assessment system." Li Hui, an engineer responsible for the structure in the telescope debugging, said that according to this idea, the team uses the entire process simulation technology to completely digitize the entire reflex surface with a mechanical model. "Which promotes which promotes The animal is broken. Which node work is abnormal and can be displayed in the safety assessment system of the general control room "and simulates the impact on observation. Once the safety range exceeds the safety range, the police will be automatically alarm.

Of the more than 2,200 promoters, the number of errors or interruptions exceeds 40, and the "Sky Eye" must be suspended. There is a security assessment system for protection, which has never happened.

What if there is a problem with the reflective panel? The thickness of the thickness of only 1 mm has a curved to more than 50 degrees. The engineer thought of imitating "space walking".

This innovative technology is called "micro -gravity spider man". It uses a 7.6 -meter -diameter -diameter -diameter -diameter tolerance balloon to reduce the weight of the operation and maintenance personnel to the weight that the reflected panel can withstand, so that personnel can reach any local execution inspection and maintenance of the reflex surface.

Scientists have not stopped renewal of "Sky Eye" technology. Li Koga, a professor at Peking University and researcher at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in addition to focusing on science itself, the development of astronomical instruments related to "Sky Eyes" is promoting in an orderly manner.

The "Sky Eye" observes is a weak electromagnetic signal from the distant celestial body. The electromagnetic interference level of the site site is extremely low. It must reduce the conventional strong interference sources, control the source of small power interference, prevent the worsening of the noise background, and prevent occasional interference.

In order to make the telescope look up at the starry sky "quietly", thousands of people in the core area of ​​5 kilometers in the core area moved away from their homeland to start a new life; Pingtang County closed all communication base stations in the core area and near its nearby; Project; Qiannan Buyi Miao Autonomous Prefecture has a trail of an electromagnetic waves of nearly 30 kilometers in the quiet zone ... The series of measures built a safe operation protection net for "Sky Eye".

Promote scientific cooperation with an open mindset

Each major achievement of astronomy has enriched the treasure house of human knowledge; every major breakthrough achieved by the cross -integration of astronomy and other disciplines has a profound impact on the advancement of basic science and even human civilization.

Since its official opening in 2020, the National Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has realized the high -level management and operation of the astronomical weapon of "Sky Eyes". Just set sail. In the eyes of scientists, it can pierce the "outside of light years" and understand the "past life" of the universe. "There will always be an unexpected discovery in some observation capabilities." Li Yan, a researcher at the National Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and chief scientist of "China Eye", said that the sensitivity of "China Sky Eye" is superb, which makes it have super in many fields. Strong "discovery power" and the potential of breakthroughs. It can verify and explore many cosmic mysteries, such as gravity theory verification, galaxy evolution, star and planet origin, and even the origin of material and life.

Li Yan said that astronomy is an open discipline, and most of the early scientific achievements of "Tianyan" have international experts. After opening to the global scientific community in April 2021, exchanges and cooperation will be more. The members of the "China Eye" Science Committee and the Time allocation committee are Chinese, but the relevant review is to be reviewed by the top international experts in accordance with the professional field of the application to the application, which is completely in line with the research on the frontier.

Because "Sky Eye" is a wholly -owned scientific project in China, there are established scientific tasks and plans, including multi -scientific target drift scanning scanning sky, neutral hydrogen scholarship, galaxy polarizing sky patrol, pulse star test, fast radio violence observation, etc. Most of the pilot projects have been led by Chinese scientists.

According to Li Yan, in terms of time allocation, foreign scientists can share a total of 10%telescope time. According to the scoring of the project review, the distribution is expected to be fierce in these 10%time.

"No matter who the project is leading, everyone is moving towards the same scientific goal." Li Koga said that in addition to continuing to pay attention to fast radio violence observations, he also used "Sky Eye" to perform Nachhz gravites. It is believed that "Tianyan" also has the opportunity to achieve worldwide attention in the fields of large quality or extremely low quality pulse stars, black hole pulse stars.

Humans have only one sky and one universe. Back to the original universe, revealing more cosmic mysteries, this is the driving force for building "Tianyan" and the ultimate goal. Therefore, "Sky Eye" needs to unite scientists from various countries to open globally with an open attitude. Foreign scientists can independently or as chief experts to lead some research projects, and the potential exploration projects will be supported.

There were two hope before Nanyandong: one is that the latecomers completed the adjustment and trial and trial observation of the telescope as soon as possible. expect.

Author: Xinhua News Agency reporter Qi Jian

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