[Expert point of view] Wang Yukai ｜ East Digital West calculation: an important engine of China's digital economy development

"In early 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Central Cyberspace Office, and the National Energy Administration jointly issued a notice to officially launch a new national development strategy-" East Digital West Calculation ". The demand for computing power is orderly guided to the West, using the advantages of resource endowment in the west to build a new type of computing power network system with data centers, cloud computing, and big data integrated to promote the collaborative linkage of the East and West. In the "National Governance" weekly magazine, it is pointed out that the rise of the digital economy has provided an important driving force for the strategic layout of the east and west. The important engine of China's digital economy development, during the implementation process, we must solve key issues such as institutional mechanism innovation, data center integration, decreased computing power cost, and organic integration of government functions and market forces. "

At the beginning of 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Central Cyberspace Office, and the National Energy Administration jointly issued a notice to officially launch a new national development strategy- "East Digital West Calculation". The so -called East Digital West Calculation, also known as the "East Digital West Calculation Project", refers to the orderly guidance of the demand for computing power in the east to the west, using the advantages of the resource endowment of the west to build a new type of data center, cloud computing, and big data integration. To promote the network system to promote the collaboration of east and west. The "number" here is index data, and "calculation" refers to the ability to process the data set. In the context of the accelerated development of the digital economy, what is the significance of the implementation of the East Digital Western Calculation Strategy? What impact will East West Calculation affect the future digital economy development? What problems may be encountered in this strategy and what strategies should I persist? This article will analyze and discuss the above issues.

The rise of the digital economy provides motivation for the strategic layout of East and West Calculation

The presence of the East West Calculation Strategy has its internal reasonable logic. From the perspective of the development of China's digital economy, the rise of the digital economy is closely related to China's reform and opening up and worldwide information technology revolution. China's reform and opening up in 1978, from 1980 to 1990, is the key ten years of information technology to make major breakthroughs. The sign is that computing technology and chip technology have made breakthroughs, which provides strong technical support for the commercial use of the Internet in 1990. The emergence of the Internet has changed the entire world to some extent. As the foundation of the digital economy, China's information technology industry has developed rapidly in the process, mainly showing three trends: First, China's information and communication industry has entered the fast lane. Industry continues to grow at an average of 17%. Second, the private economy has developed a strong development momentum under the strong advancement of policy dividends and market mechanisms. Especially after 2000, driven by the tide of the Internet, with the huge domestic and foreign markets, China's consumer Internet has emerged, and cultivates Internet companies such as Huawei, Ali, Tencent, and Baidu. Third, the proportion of digital economy in the total GDP of China has risen rapidly, and the overall scale is at the forefront of the world. According to the "China Internet Development Report 2021", China's digital economy in 2020 reached 39.2 trillion yuan, accounting for 38.6%of GDP, maintaining a high level of growth at a high level of growth, of which digital industrialization (including information and communication industry, software, etc.) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industry, software, etc.) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industries) industry, software, software, etc.) industries) The scale is about 75 trillion. Research reports provided by the China Internet Network Information Center showed that as of June 2021, the total number of China Mobile telephone bases reached 9.48 million, the number of Internet broadband access ports was 982 million, and the total length of the optical cable line was 53.52 million kilometers; The Internet penetration rate was 71.6%; online video users were 944 million, online payment users were 872 million, online shopping users were 812 million, and online takeaway users were 469 million.

If you carefully analyze the development and change of GDP after China's reform and opening up, you will find that the contribution of the development of the digital economy to the high growth of China's economy is huge. According to data conversion provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, in 1978 in my country in 1978 in China, the total economic volume accounted for approximately 1.7%of the world's total economy. In 2000, the total economic volume was about 1.25 trillion US dollars, accounting for about 3.65%of the world's total economy. That is to say, in more than 20 years from 1978 to 2000, China's economic aggregate accounted for more than doubled. But after 2000, with the strong rise of the consumer Internet, the rapid development of the digital economy, coupled with China's joining the WTO in 2001, the Chinese economy really began to take off. By 2010, it surpassed Japan to become the world's second largest economy; in 2021 , China ’s 114 trillion GDP is equivalent to about 17 trillion US dollars, accounting for about 18%of the total world economy, ranking second in the world. From the evolution of China's economic aggregate since the reform and opening up, we can clearly see the role of the digital economy in it.

From the perspective of trend to high -quality development, the future digital economy will play a key role in boosting economic transformation. After more than 40 years of high -speed growth, the current Chinese economy is facing tremendous pressure on structural transformation. On the one hand, for a long period of time, China's economic development benefits from low resource prices and labor dividends, and the price paid in the environment. Great development opportunities; on the other hand, this development model is difficult to continue today. Many issues have begun to emerge, especially in the international situation, and multiple factors such as Sino -US trade friction have caused downward pressure on economic downlink. In the environment, China must accelerate the transformation of economic structure, take the road of high quality development, and actively cultivate and develop the digital economy. From the perspective, the country's launch of the East Capital and Western Calculation Strategy at this time will not only provide a strong support for the future digital economy development, but also create a huge driving force for the successful transformation of China's economy. How to affect the development of the digital economy will

It is certain that the East Digital Western Calculation Strategy will have an impact on the development of the digital economy in many aspects. The most important impact may be concentrated in the following three aspects:

1. The impact on the balanced layout of the nation's digital economic infrastructure

Digital infrastructure is an important support for the development of the digital economy. Without a powerful digital infrastructure, the development of the digital economy is equivalent to empty talk. In the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan", the state has made a series of important deployments on future information infrastructure construction. The overall goal is to focus on strengthening digital transformation, intelligent upgrade, and integration of innovation support, and deploy new infrastructure such as construction information infrastructure, integration infrastructure, and innovation infrastructure. In terms of construction focus, in addition to emphasizing the need to accelerate the large -scale deployment of 5G networks, expand the backbone network interconnection node, accelerate the sixth edition of the Internet agreement (IPv6) commercial deployment, and promote the comprehensive development of the Internet of Things. Data center system, strengthen computing power overall intelligence scheduling, build several national hub nodes and big data centers clusters, and build E -class and 10E -level super computing centers. The implementation of the East Digital and Western Calculation Project is actually a major strategic deployment of the establishment of a national integrated big data center system and strengthening computing power in the implementation of the national "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan. The biggest significance of this deployment is to make the layout of new infrastructure represented by digitalization more reasonable -through deployment of computing power hubs and large data center clusters that are deployed in the western relatively backward regions, to achieve domestic digits in the country Relatively balanced infrastructure. According to the strategic deployment of the Eastern Digital and Western Calculation, 8 national computing power hubs will be constructed in the country, 5 of which are concentrated in the western region. Specific Chengyu hubs, Inner Mongolia hubs, Guizhou hubs, Gansu hubs, Ningxia hubs. If these computing power hubs can be built and put into operation, it will definitely change the pattern of excessive digital infrastructure in the past in the Eastern economy as a whole, which will be of long -term strategic significance for balanced digital infrastructure layout and promoting the development of the digital economy.

Second, the impact on the development of the digital industry in the western region

An important issue facing the construction of computing power hub nodes and integrated data center clusters is the huge consumption of electricity. Although the economy is economically developed, the endowment of resources does not dominate. Energy shortage is a problem of long -term trouble in economic development. In the future, if the state will build more large -scale integrated data center clusters in the East, it will further intensify the contradiction between supply and demand of electricity. In contrast, my country's central and western regions in the central and western regions are relatively good and have rich resource reserves. It has always played an important role in terms of energy supply. Eastern energy pressure. In addition, the temperature in the northwestern region of my country is relatively low, and it has obvious climate advantages in the construction and operation of data center clusters. In the past few years, some areas in the west of my country have used their own advantages to conduct useful explorations in the construction of cloud bases and big data centers, and have accumulated rich experience. Among them, the Gui'an cluster that entered the Guizhou hub of the East Digital Western Calculation and the central defender cluster of the Ningxia hub is a typical example.

Guiyang is one of the earliest western cities in my country to develop the big data industry. Guiyang has the unique advantages of developing the data industry. The natural winter and cool summer climate conditions and rich coal, electricity and water resources, coupled with the support of central policies, Guiyang's big data industry has developed rapidly, and it has developed an increasingly impact. Essence Companies settled in Guiyang Gui'an Data Center Base not only domestic Alibaba, Huawei, Tencent, Jingdong and other companies, but also Apple, Qualcomm, Microsoft, Dell, Hewlett -Packard, Intel, Oracle and other world -renowned companies. At present, Gui'an New District is actively creating a national data center agglomeration base, promoting the transformation and upgrading of storage data centers to production, high security, and green data centers, and building the national integrated big data center system master node. During the investigation, it was learned that the size of the data industry in Guiyang is now close to 200 billion. In the future, Gui'an Data Center Cluster will focus on promoting the integration and development of cloud networks, high quality supply to promote the high -quality computing power, and optimize the national Internet backbone direct connection point, international Internet data special channel, Guizhou root server mirror node, and the country The top -level domain name node promotes the direct connection network construction with the other 7 computing power hub nodes, greatly improves the network bandwidth, reduce the network delay, promote the construction of infrastructure cloud, platform cloud, and software cloud, realize the efficient collaboration of cloud edges, enhance each of the various cloud edges, enhance each of the various cloud edges, enhance each of the various cloud edges, and enhance each of the various cloud edges. Use experience of users in various fields of the industry. At the same time, relying on high -quality computing power supply, further attracting cloud business gathering, and around 10 key areas such as online freight, digital finance, industrial Internet, smart cultural tourism, smart medical care, Beidou applications, data transactions, data security Digital economy. Zhongwei City, where the Zhongwei Data Center cluster of Ningxia's computing power hub is located, began the construction of cloud bases as early as 2014, and has attracted a number of well -known Internet companies to enter, such as Amazon, IBM, Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent, 360, China Unicom, etc. Essence Zhongwei has the unique advantages of building a cloud base: the annual average temperature of Zhongwei City is only about 8 degrees, the overall climate is relatively cold, and has sufficient coal power, wind power, and the largest photovoltaic power generation base in the country, which can greatly reduce the operating cost of the data center cluster. Essence With the continuous advancement of the Zhongwei Cloud Base, a large number of outstanding domestic and foreign information technology companies settled in the central defender, forming smart industry clusters including Internet companies, e -commerce giants, IT fields, and information services. Calculate services to drive the development of high -tech information industries such as e -commerce and modern logistics. According to estimates, after the formal completion of the Zhongwei Cloud Base, sales revenue can be achieved by 10 billion yuan each year, and the development of the digital economy can be driven at the same time.

Third, the impact on economic structure and social development

In May 2021, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Central Internet Information Office and other departments issued the "National Integrated Big Data Center Cooperation Innovation System Computing Power Hub Implementation Plan", which clearly proposed a new type of calculation of data centers, cloud computing, and big data integration. To promote the application of data elements. Some experts point out that the integration here will mainly focus on the five integration: the network integration of the cluster data center, the energy integration of the dual carbon target, the computing power integration of the data centers of various industries, and the open data shared data Integration and application of smart cities and key applications. It can be imagined that after the formation of the national integrated big data computing power network in the future, it can not only effectively solve the problem of insufficient computing power in the Eastern economy, but also empower the healthy development of the digital economy in all directions. The East Digital and Western Calculation Project can promote the formation of the national integrated computing power network system by constructing the national computing power hub node and data center cluster with the western region as the main body, helping to create a new advantage in the development of the digital economy.

The first is to promote the industrial Internet and intelligent manufacturing to a new level. In the development of China's digital economy, there is a clear phenomenon, that is, the development of the consumer Internet is relatively fast, and it has a great influence in the world, while the industrial Internet and intelligent manufacturing are relatively backward. In the future of the digital economy, it is an inevitable trend to make up for the shortcomings of intelligent manufacturing and industrial Internet development. From the perspective of the Industrial Internet itself, it is above two cross points: on the one hand, it is the cross point of the Internet and intelligent manufacturing, and on the other hand, it is also the cross point for industrial big data and intelligent manufacturing. That is to say, the essence of the industrial Internet is to achieve a comprehensive interconnection of various production factors such as raw materials, machines, information systems, control systems, products, people, etc., and through the in -depth perception of industrial data, real -time transmission exchange, and rapid computing processing. Advanced modeling analysis finally achieved the goal of intelligent control, operation optimization and production organization methods. At present, my country has built more than 70 industrial Internet platforms, and there are about 40 million sets of connected devices. In the future, the development trend of the integration of industrial Internet and artificial intelligence will be more obvious, and intelligent manufacturing is undoubtedly the most important thing for this integration and development. Application scenario. From the perspective of the development of the industrial Internet, the development of artificial intelligence, and the supply of computing power, with the development of the industrial Internet and the widespread application of artificial intelligence, the demand for computing power in human society will become more and more strong, and the requirements will become higher and higher. Algorithms are the key to artificial intelligence applications. As the hub of the entire industrial elements, the industrial Internet platform needs to open up the channels of industrial knowledge to industrial algorithms, and provide support for building an artificial intelligence algorithm in the industrial field and reducing the development cost of algorithms. Inside the enterprise, the industrial Internet platform gathers internal computing power resources to build computing power resource pools. For different time, different users and different levels of computing power needs, the use of internal equipment based on big data analysis is used The industrial Internet platform connects various computing power suppliers. Through renting and purchasing methods, the lack of computing power of the enterprise is supplemented to improve the gap between the overall computing power level and shrink the demand for artificial intelligence applications and actual computing power. The above functions of the Industrial Internet determine that it can be uniformly deployed according to actual needs, builds computing power supply systems, and provides stable support guarantees for artificial intelligence applications. Through the above analysis, we can foresee that the implementation of the east counting strategy will provide strong computing power support for the integration of industrial Internet and artificial intelligence. condition.

The second is to promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, empower the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and strengthen the new engine of economic development. In January 2022, the State Council released the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Digital Economic Development Plan. According to the plan, by 2025, the digital economy will move towards a comprehensive expansion period. The value -added of the core industry of the digital economy will reach 10%of the GDP. Digital innovation has led the development capacity to increase significantly. The level of intelligence is significantly enhanced. The effectiveness of the digital economic governance system is more complete, and my country's digital economic competitiveness and influence have steadily improved. It can be imagined that with the widespread application of digital technology in the economic and social field, it will make significant progress, whether it is digital industrialization or industrial digitalization, and may achieve innovative breakthroughs in many fields. From the perspective of digital industrialization, although my country's digital industry has developed rapidly, the number of many digital products is at the forefront of the world, such as mobile phone shipments and computer shipments, etc., but in some key areas, " The technical problem of the card neck is still very prominent, especially the key core technologies such as high -end chips, operating systems, and basic industrial software cannot be controlled and controlled by external imports. It is reported that the chips imported by my country each year are about $ 600 billion. This cost is almost the sum of foreign exchange used in imported oil and grain. At the same time, my country's digital economy accounts for a higher proportion of GDP, but the real digital industrialization scale is only 7.5 trillion, and the proportion of GDP is relatively low. The value -added of the digital economy industry in 2025 accounted for 10% of GDP. There is a certain distance for target planning. From the perspective of industrial digitalization, this is the only way for my country to move towards high -quality development. It is a general trend to accelerate the digital transformation of traditional industries and realize the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. In other words, whether it is agriculture, industry, or service, it is facing the problem of comprehensively realizing digital transformation. The East Digital and Western Calculation Strategy implemented by my country is to provide strong computing power support for the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy in a certain sense. With the in -depth development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial changes, computing power has become the core productive forces of a country, which directly affects the development speed of the digital economy and the height of social intelligence. As a aorta that connects users, data, and services, the network can only support the growing application needs of society. The East West Calculation Project supported by the new infrastructure, the digital economy that runs for high -speed operation, accelerate the digital industrialization and industrialization of digital industrialization, and the growing computing power needs of the whole society. It is entirely possible to promote the digital economy and the entity. Economic deep integration and development play an important role. It can be imagined that with the implementation of the East Digital and Western calculation project, the network, the computing power as the center, the integrated computing power network of the network, cloud, count, wisdom, chain and other elements will be presented in front of us. Essence The third is to provide computing power support for accelerating digital transformation and sustainable development. As far as the overall pattern of China's economic development is concerned, the level of economic development in the eastern part is relatively high, and there are mainly concentrated in the central and western regions. At present, among the four major sectors of the eastern, central, west, and northeast, the economic aggregate in the east accounts for more than half of the country's total economic volume. As of the end of 2021, 24 cities across the country have entered the ranks of "GDP trillion clubs". Except for Chengdu, Chongqing, and Xi'an, the three cities in the west of the three parts of them are concentrated in the east, and 17 are concentrated in the east. At the same time, in recent years, the construction of smart cities in my country has been very popular in recent years. Many large and medium cities have taken the construction of smart cities as important goals to varying degrees, and focusing on important issues such as urban operations, emergency management, and sustainable development. The city's brain, 5G, big data, cloud services, the Internet of Things, blockchain, etc., the demand for computing power in smart cities has greatly increased. However, due to the multiple factors such as location, climate, and energy, the problem of small and scattered data center is more prominent. Demand for computing power. With the continuous upgrading of the needs of the society's computing power, more computing power suppliers and computing power trading platforms will emerge in the future. Construction and promote the development of the digital economy.

The fourth is to provide computing power guarantee for the expansion of the consumer Internet. Different from the Industrial Internet, the consumer Internet mainly faces the Internet service of consumers. The main feature is that the individual users are the center and the daily life application as the service scenario to meet consumers' consumer demand in the Internet and make life more convenient ,faster. The content of the consumer Internet is very broad, involving people's travel, shopping, tourism, entertainment, medical and health, education and training, social networking and other fields. The reason why the consumer Internet develops rapidly in a short period of time, instead of relying on strong information and data processing capabilities, as well as diversified mobile terminals, in e -commerce, transportation, medical education, financial services, cultural entertainment, leisure tourism, social networks, social networks The large -scale development trend and complete industrial chain formed by industries such as search engines are inseparable. This can be seen very clearly from the rise of China's consumer Internet. First of all, the development of China's consumer Internet is based on the continuous improvement of social informatization and the popularization of mobile terminals, and the growth of the number of netizens. Secondly, China's population base is large, and it is easy to form a scale effect. It provides strong support for the development of consumer Internet giants, such as Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, JD, 360, and byte beating. At present, although the market competition pattern and industrial structure of the consumer Internet have become mature and stable, the future expansion space is still very large. This is mainly because the consumer Internet is closely related to people's livelihood services. Whether it is Internet medical care, education and training, pension, employment, or travel, shopping, social entertainment, etc., there is still a lot of room for development. With the development of digital technology, the consumer Internet will gradually integrate with the Industrial Internet, and improve industrial efficiency through the industrial Internet, thereby improving the user experience of the consumer Internet. Under the above trend, consumer Internet demand for computing power will also increase significantly. The establishment of the new computing power network system of the East Digital West Calculation Project, especially the new computing power network system of data centers, cloud computing, and big data integration will effectively integrate data resources in different regions and industries, so as to maximize the hub The function of the data cluster further reduces the cost of computing power and better empower the Internet for consumer Internet with people's livelihood. In the future, computing power may become a social -level service that is "a little access, that is, and use", and develops towards the vision of "the Internet is omnipotent, the computing power is omnipotent, and the intelligence is omnipotent". Difficulties and strategies in the implementation of East West Calculation

The implementation prospects of the East Digital and Western Calculation Project are undoubted, and its strategic value is easily recognized by most people. The question is how to promote the implementation of this major strategy in an orderly manner. It is foreseeable that this strategic project will encounter many problems in the process of implementation, and we need to have a sober understanding.

According to the author's understanding, the implementation of the East Digital and Western Calculation Project is at least four issues, or there are four difficulties worthy of our high attention and carefully solved.

First, how to create a new mechanism or break the restraint of the traditional institutional mechanism? The main goal of the East and West Calculation is to build a computing power hub node and data center cluster, and then realize the direct connection between data clusters and form a national integrated computing power network system. This means that 8 data centers across the country must take the lead in achieving interconnection. With this foundation, it is possible to promote the integration of data centers in various industries, data opening and sharing of data. In order to achieve the energy integration of dual carbon targets, we can weave the "one net" of national computing power. The realization of these integrated goals is faced with the constraints of traditional institutional mechanisms. If there is no new set of construction ideas, or to create some new models and institutional mechanisms, it may be in the implementation of the wall. In a sense, this is the most critical factor for the success of the strategy.

Second, how to effectively integrate existing data centers? Another important goal of the East Digital and Western Calculation Project is to build a national data hub cluster and make necessary integration of various types of data centers, and finally form a national integrated data computing network system. In the past years, with the acceleration of the digitalization process, a large number of data centers have been built in various regions and industries, and a considerable scale of cloud service capabilities have been formed, which has played an important role in digital development. Taking the construction of the data center of the Huanjing as an example, as of the end of March 2020, 173,500 units of the data center cabinets of the Huanjing Data Center have been built, 325,500 units under construction were under construction, and 276,200 units were planned. However, in the process, there are indeed some noteworthy issues, such as rushing, repeated construction, and waste. According to the data, big data centers have been built in 31 provinces and cities and autonomous regions in the country. Many cities and even counties and districts have also promoted the construction of big data centers in large cities. However, from the perspective of cabinets, the listing rate of first -tier cities is relatively high, which is generally about 50%, and most of the listing rates in third- and fourth -tier cities are about 10-20%. The problem of waste of resources is more prominent. During the implementation process, how to increase the integration and utilization of existing data centers during the implementation process is a key issue.

Third, how to reduce the cost of computing power? The maintenance of data centers often consumes a lot of energy. It is reported that the total power consumption of my country's data center in 2018 was 150 billion kilowatt -hours, reaching 2%of the total social power consumption. It is estimated that the power consumption consumption of the data center in my country will be doubled by 2025, accounting for the total social power consumption. The amount is 4.05%, while the total power generation of the Three Gorges in 2017 was only 97.605 billion kWh. That is to say, by 2025, the one -year power generation of the Three Gorges year can only maintain the power center of the data center. As a national strategy, the East Digital and Western Calculation Project does have the function of balanced the energy consumption of the data center. However, in specific practice, there are many issues to solve the advantage of how to play the advantage of East and West Calculation. For example, the location of the 5 data hubs and 6 data clusters in the west is different, the cost of energy production is large, and the energy consumption will be different. The energy integration under dual carbon target requires us to plan early and have countermeasures. Fourth, how does the East Digital West Calculation Project achieve the organic combination of government role and market forces? The implementation of the East Digital and Western Computing Project must adhere to the application -oriented construction policy, and to protect the computing power needs of the national key application field. This will bring an important issue, that is, the relationship between the government and the effective market. Undoubtedly, the East Niger Calculation, as a major national strategy, has a profound impact on economic and social development. Governments at all levels, especially at nodes and data center clusters, will naturally attach great importance to it. However, if the East Digital and Western Calculation Project is taken over by the government, it may have the effect of getting more than half the effort. A significant positive and negative example is that in the tide of the development of the consumer Internet, due to the full play of the market, many private enterprises with international influence have emerged, such as Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, Jingdong, bytes Jumping, etc. On the contrary, in order to accelerate local development and regardless of the subjective conditions of the digital economy, some local governments do not listen to the opinions and suggestions of market entities, and blindly invest in high -tech industries such as high -profile development chips. As a result, there are few successful people. Leave some profound lessons. This shows that in the field of digitalization, market forces are very critical. Local governments can only find their own role positioning, correctly handle the relationship between government role and market -driven relationship. Under the guidance of policy, better play the market for resource allocation and application innovation in resource allocation and application innovation. The key role in demand traction can ensure the healthy development of the computing power industry. At the same time, in the face of the huge demand for computing power in various industries in the whole society, local governments must keep their minds calmly and meet the needs of computing power applications, promote the east The Capital Curry Consortium continues to advance in the right direction and create new glory in practice!

Source: "National Governance" Weekly in July 2022

Original title: East Digital West calculation: an important engine of China's digital economy development

Author: Professor of the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (National Academy of Administration), Wang Yukai, member of the 4th National Information Expert Consultation Committee

- END -