Large -scale daily -oriented device in the space station is very eye -catching

On July 28, 2022, 4 days after the launch of the experimental compartment with the questioning of the question, my country ’s first large -scale pair -pairing device on the cabin officially appeared on the stage. It successfully completed a series of rail performance tests. The space station successfully realizes the dual -degree of freedom.

What is the "Disposal device"? Simply put, it is mainly responsible for driving the solar wing rotation and the transmission of energy inside and outside the cabin. It is one of the first key technologies for the initial period of the Chinese space station project to set up the schedule. After the construction of the space station in the future, various scientific instruments and effective loads in the cabin, including the electrical energy required for maintaining important equipment for the life system of the astronauts, must rely on large -scale daily settled devices from the outward to the cabin from the cabin to make efficient and reliable transmission. It can be said that it is a veritable "energy guard" in the space station.

Strong, but also to move

In order to ensure the power consumption needs of the space station, the large flexible solar wing single -wing length of the large -scale flexible solar wings on the experimental compartment is 27 meters long and the effective power generation area is about 110 square meters. It can ensure the continuous energy input of the space station. But driving these two flexible solar wings in the space smoothly "rowing circles", allowing them to receive irradiation from sunlight around the clock, not easy. If we imagine that we take a 27 -meter -long "banana fan" and make 360 ​​° rotation with our wrists as a round heart, this requires our wrist to have strong load -bearing capacity and rotation power. The daily orientation device on the experimental cabin is equivalent to our wrist. It needs to drive the sun wings to continue to rotate and stabilize the sun.

The space station provides an inexhaustible energy for the entire cabin, but the space environment facing outside the cabin all year round will be severely tested on large -scale rotating institutions. How to ensure the accurate transmission of the sun wings to the sun -driven device without the stagnation of sports card, which is a huge challenge for the development team. To this end, the development team has carried out brainstorming and newly designed a set of domestic first "distributed rotary support drive drive transmission solutions", which can ensure that the large guide can still support the smooth drive of the drive mechanism when the high and low temperature and heat are deformed. Turning up, the two giant solar wings track the sun in real time. At the same time, the team also added a "temperature control jacket" to the daily -oriented device to ensure that the daily -oriented device is always in a suitable temperature range under the long -term extreme high and low temperature external environment.

High efficiency and fast pass

Our power consumption in daily life is transported to millions of households through the huge power grid system in the power plant, and in the solar system, the sun is a natural "large power plant". However, how to transmit tens of thousands of watt -class electrical energy generated by large flexible wings to the space station, and set up a stable and efficient "energy lifeline" so that the space station can truly realize "power consumption"?

Generally speaking, most of the spacecraft adopt the traditional sliding ring conductive transmission method. In simple terms, the slip ring is a "rotating joint" for connecting and transmitting energy. A kick -level transmission power spacecraft; the power transmission demand of the space station is more than 20 times that of ordinary aerospaces. The design life requirements are high. In the face of the huge electric energy consumption generated by sliding damage, the space station indicates "zero tolerance"! To this end, the development team first created a large -power and long -life roller transmission institution, which achieved the first time in China to transcend high -power transmission with rolling instead of sliding contact. In order to verify the high reliability, high efficiency, and long life of the rolling ring, the development team carried out an acceleration life test assessment of 200,000 laps on the ground, which is equivalent to working at the orbit for 34 years. Efficient and smooth.

You must be accurate, and you have to control it stable

How to keep the sun wings at the time of the rail flight? For the rotary transformer that can collect the information of the solar rotation angle in real time in the "belly" of the daily orientation device. After receiving the motion mode requirements issued by the posture control system, the daily -oriented device can be accurately adjusted by the independent movement plan. As a result, the sun wings can be stable to the sun like "sunflower".

"In addition to being accurate, what is more difficult is how to control such a large and soft solar wing." This is the common consideration and worry of the development team in designing. The total area of ​​the solar wings is about 220 square meters, and the entire wing is 55 meters long, but only the printing paper is so soft, and any slight vibration can make it sway. If the solar wing turns unscrupulous, it will cause difficulty in the states of the space station. Therefore, the "big flexible high -stabilization servo control system" came into being. This set of control solutions tailored to the sun -oriented device allows the solar wings to "long -sleeved good dance" and achieve stable tracking control of the sun.

What's even more powerful is that when the wing of the solar battery is disturbed by the outside world, it will be jitter, and the control system of the sun -oriented device can be very sensitive and "fast soothing". In less than 30 seconds, the elastic vibration energy of the sun wings can be scattered in time to "steady happiness" at the space station.

High and reliable, and you have to hoop firmly

Qi Tian's "Language Languard" took the "carrier line" for this time, which is a tailor -made Long March 5 Lotary Rockets tailored for the space station. With its safety, accuracy, and reliability, it provides preferential services for the "big customers" of the space station. However, during the flying phase of the Rockets, asking the sky -high experimental cabin will inevitably bear a large increase of the load, especially the daily -oriented device is installed on the resource cabin at the end of the experimental cabin. Hacquent pressure from the beginning of the brunt. "There are tens of millions of roads, the first one is safe." In order to avoid the "small heart" of the daily orientation device during the rocket launch stage, the design team adopted a new type of W bag, which is to give the daily orientation device system system system Multiple protection "seat belts" make it more at ease during flight. After the experimental cabin was successfully traveled, the "seat belt" received instructions and released it, so that the daily orientation device freely drove its small motor and turn on its day by day. This rail test is a "first show" in the process of large -scale dying device in the establishment of my country's space station. The successful success of the test will laid a solid foundation for subsequent space stations and rail operations.

(Shanghai Technology Research Institute)

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