Build a "key battle" in the space station: Tianhe "hold hands" to ask the sky

Photo by Wang Lei, a long -five B Rockets and Wentian Experimental Curbine

"The strongest" sent "the heaviest" into space

Our newspaper to Wenchang Special Reporter Fan Wei Fan Anqi

Editor's words: At 14:22 on July 24th, my country in Wenchang Aerospace launched in Hainan, using China's current launch vehicle with the largest launch capacity of China -Long March 5 B. The first experimental class of my country's space station construction stage. At the same time, it is also the heaviest load launched by my country to date -asked the Tiangan experimental compartment to the scheduled track. The key battle of China Space Station has achieved a complete success! In this launch task, China Aerospace has once again achieved a number of technical breakthroughs, setting a number of new records.

The long -five -B Rockets near -ground rail carrying capacity reaches 25 tons, which is undoubtedly the only choice for the launch of my country's maximum load -asking the Tiantian experimental compartment.

Liu Bing, the overall deputy director of the Long B Rockets, said in an interview with the Global Times reporter that in order to meet the requirements of the large -cabin launch task during the construction of the space station, the long five B rocket achieved a breakthrough in many unique key technologies. These include the 20.5 -meter largest domestic rectification technology, the 4.1 -meter -large diameter cabin connection separation technology, and the accuracy control technology of the 1400 thousand cows' large thrust, master these technologies, and lays a solid foundation for the construction of space stations.

The launch task is also the first time that the long -five rockets perform the zero -window launch task, which is also considered one of the technical difficulties of this launch task. Liu Bing introduced that the zero -window launch task requires that the five -B rockets must be launched in seconds at the specified time, otherwise they will not be delivered to the designated position of the test compartment, which will cost a huge price to adjust the track, and even cause the launch termination.

In order to ensure timely launch, the long five -B rocket model team optimizes the launch process of 10 minutes before the launch, and some processes are the same. Earlier, each system could only complete the preparations before the launch in the order of time. "This is like facing the questions on the question of time -on -time answers. Once stuck on the simple question in front, the subsequent question scores are very high but cannot be done. this process. However, in this task, the long five -B rocket model team has changed the preparation of each system from "connecting" to "parallel". When the distance was launched at 2 and a half, the Rockets had completed the preparations before the launch. Work and can be launched at any time.

The fire on time is only the beginning, and the precise track is successful. Liu Bing introduced that the long five -B rocket also applied to take off time deviation correction technology, with a maximum correction time of 2 and a half. "Popular understanding, the rocket can be automatically corrected during the flight during the time of any time in this period of 0 to 2 and a half. Orbit. "Liu Bing said.

It is understood that after this launch task, the long five -B rocket will also "continuously fight" and undertake the launch mission of the Dream Tianyan experimental cabin in October. Complete the construction of the Chinese Space Station in the rail. And next year, the long five -B Rockets will also undertake my country's first large -scale space patrol telescope launch task. At that time, it will fly with the space station to carry out more deep space detection and cutting -edge scientific research.

Ask what space experiments to bring to the sky "weapon"

As the first scientific experimental compartment of China Space Station, what scientific experimental tasks will be undertaken?

Lu Congmin, a researcher at the Space Application Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and deputy chief chief of the manned space engineering space application system, said that the space application system asked the test compartment task of the sky and the study of life sciences and biotechnology. , Space Materials Science and Space Application New Technology Test four areas have planned more than ten research themes. At present, more than 40 scientific projects have been established. After the completion of the space station, it will continue to demonstrate and roll up related scientific projects.

Qi Tian's experimental cabin deployed scientific experimental facilities such as life ecological experimental cabinets, biotechnology experimental cabinets, scientific glove boxes and low -temperature storage cabinets, and gravity science science experimental cabinets, and configured supporting equipment for application tasks inside and outside the cabin. Among them, the life ecological experimental cabinet is based on multiple types of biological individuals as the experimental sample to carry out the space growth experiments of various animals and plants, reveal the impact of micro -gravity on the growth, development, and metabolic of biological individuals, promote human understanding of the essence of life phenomena, and research. Space radiation biology and sub -magnetic effects and mechanisms, explore the establishment of an applied controlling life ecosystem, and provide scientific basis for astronauts to evaluate and protect on rail radiation injury.

The biotechnology experimental cabinet is targeted at different levels of biological samples such as tissue, cells, and biochemical molecules to explore the growth and differentiation of cell growth and differentiation in the micro -gravity environment to provide theoretical foundation for human health and reproductive development; explore the gravity effect on the origin of life. The impact of evolution; breakthrough discovery in high -efficiency protein/polypeptide drugs, nanocrystal biological technology, etc., and play an important role in guiding the research and application of guiding tissue engineering and biomedicine.

Scientific glove boxes provide clean and closed space and temperature and humidity environment control. Configuring the dexterous robotic arm has cell -level fine operation capabilities; glove boxes provide safe and efficient support for astronauts to operate multi -disciplinary experimental samples.

Change gravity science experimental cabinet provides scientific experiments with 0.01G to 2G high -precision simulation of gravity environment. Adopt advanced wireless transmission energy and carrier communication technology to support the development of complex fluid physics at different levels Scientific research such as particle material movement. Energy particles detectors and plasma were also deployed outside the experimental compartment.

Create a number of Chinese aerospaces the most

After the launch is successful, the questioning compartment will be connected with the plan to complete the front direction with the plan of the sky and the core compartment. The China Space Station will usher in the first experimental cabin. "Global Times" reporter learned from the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group of the Sky Experimental Class that asked the Sky Experimental Curring to date as the largest single -cabin active aircraft in my country and the heaviest in the world in the world. 4.2 meters, the launch weight is 23 tons. "Big head" and "weight" are basically equivalent to a compartment of the Beijing Metro Line 13 train.

In an exclusive interview with the Global Times reporter, Liang Xiaofeng, the overall director of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that from the perspective of design, the functional positioning of the two living areas of the core and experimental cabin is the same, but There is a slight difference in details. "For example, the living area of ​​the experimental cabin will be slightly larger than the core compartment, and it will also be equipped with a portholes for each sleeping cabin. After successful docking, there will be 6 sleep cabins on the Chinese space station. When rotating the two astronauts by rotating, the short -term 6 people created conditions at the same time to provide a more convenient and spacious work and living environment for astronauts. "

In addition, a pair of dual -freedom flexible solar wings equipped on the test cabin also refreshed the length of the length of my country's spacecraft using the solar wings. This flexible solar wing has an area of ​​about 110 square meters, which is almost equivalent to the area of ​​a three -bedroom and one living room. The wing exhibition of a pair of solar wings exceeded 55 meters, which was longer than half a football field. However, this solar wing is not only large, but also flexible. With such a large pair of "soft wings", the high difficulty is unprecedented.

According to a reporter from the Global Times, I asked the two huge flexible solar wings on the experimental compartment to work together. The average daily power generation was exceeded 430 degrees. On the ground, this daily power generation was sufficient for an ordinary family in Beijing for one and a half months. Essence

The docking of the Tiangan experimental compartment and the core compartment of the sky is also the first time that the Chinese Space Station has ushered in a spacecraft visiting in a state of being stationed. Song Xiaoguang, deputy director of the GNC sub -system of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said in an exclusive interview with the Global Times reporter that the docking task has its unique difficulties. The size and mass are the most existing spacecraft in my country; the flexible solar wings used have the characteristics of easy vibration and easily adversely affect the control accuracy and stability of the spacecraft. The above factors have increased the difficulty of this docking. For this reason, the R & D team of the Tiangtian experimental cabin uses two ways of expansion to improve the controllability of docking. In order to ensure the safety of the space station and astronauts, the Chinese Space Station also uses a design called "Safety Ellipse".

China Space Station is in the rail construction stage, and the composition of the combination is varied, and the flight posture mode will be repeatedly switched. Yang Yongan, a senior engineer of the Xi'an Satellite Surveying and Control Center, said in an exclusive interview with the Global Times reporter that this will challenge the stability of the space station's flying posture, "Especially asking the large cabin section of the experimental cabin, right, right The technical capabilities of the ground measurement and control system to maintain the stable spatial stations are put forward. " To this end, the Xi'an Satellite Surveying and Control Center thoroughly analyzes the key technologies and processes of tasks, comprehensively grasps risk factors, and formulates countermeasures to ensure that the task risk is controllable. ▲

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