"Zhu Rong" will welcome the Martian winter solstice

The "Zhu Rong" Mars northern hemisphere in Mars will usher in the winter solstice on July 21, and the northern hemisphere on Mars will also enter the coldest season of the year. Why does Mars also have the winter solstice? What is the four seasons on Mars? Astronomical science experts of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed the secrets of you.

According to Wang Kechao, the science science director of Zijin Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, like the earth, Mars will "tilt his body" and turn around, but also revolt around the sun. Mars's self -rotating axis is 25.19 degrees, which makes the direct point of the sun move between 25.19 degrees north and south of Mars in a track cycle. Like the Earth, there are also changes in day and night and changes in the four seasons. When the southernmost tip of Mars, when the sun is directly at the southernmost tip of Mars, when the south latitude is 25.19 degrees, it is the winter solstice. This year, Mars will usher in the winter solstice on July 21.

The rotation cycle of Mars is 24 hours, 37 minutes and 22.7 seconds, which is very close to the earth. But the length of the year of Mars is much longer than the length of the Earth Year.

Wang Kechao said that Mars's rotation cycle is about 687 Earth Day, that is, the year of Mars is equivalent to about 1.9 Earth Year, which means that each season on Mars is nearly 6 months long. The last winter solstice of Mars was September 2, 2020, and this time it was July 21, 2022.

The orbital running around the sun is an ellipse of 0.093 than 0.093, which is much flatter than the Earth's revolving track. The four seasons on Mars will be more uneven. As the Mars winter solstice is close to the recent period, astronomers calculated that the spring and summer of the northern hemisphere in Mars is about one -third longer than autumn and winter.

The temperature of the four seasons of Mars is also different from the earth. Wang Kechao said that the distance from Mars to the sun is 1.52 times the distance between the sun and the earth, and the solar radiation energy has less energy, only 43%of the earth, so each season on Mars is colder than on the earth. "For example, in May this year, the northern hemisphere in Mars entered the winter, and the lowest temperature at night even dropped to more than 100 degrees Celsius."

When Mars northern hemisphere enters winter, Mars is running near the nearby point, and the solar radiation intensity is greater. At this time, the southern hemisphere in Mars is in summer. The temperature difference between the two hemispheres is greater. above. Wang Kechao said that during the high storm, Mars' wind speed can reach 180 meters per second, which is 2.6 times that of the 5th -level hurricane wind speed on the earth. However, the air pressure on the surface of Mars is only more than 600 Pa, which is less than 1%of the air pressure on the earth. Therefore, such a high -speed storm can only raise a small sand and dust, far less than the sandstorm on the earth.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

Editor in charge: Yu Shuai

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