Heavy!"Digital Collection Application Reference" release

"Yuan Shi", which provides underlying technology with the underlying technology of the Chinese Digital Literature Chain, is the first platform for the national -level Wenbo resource exchange platform. market.

On July 6, the first most comprehensive application reference book "Digital Collection Application", which has significant significance in the digital culture, was released.

"Digital Collection Application Reference" is edited by the National Press and Publication Agency Science and Technology and Standard Comprehensive Laboratory Blockchain Copyright Application Center, China Digital Culture Group, China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, China Net Security Blockchain Center, Xinhua Wenxuan Sichuan Digital Publishing Media Co., Ltd., Hangzhou International Digital Trading Co., Ltd., Zhejiang University International Union Business School Digital Economy and Financial Innovation Research Center, Sichuan Blockchain Industry Association Copyright Special Committee, Shanghai Blockchain Technology Association Law Special Committee, Finance and Economics • The units such as Chain Xin, Wan Shang Tianqin Law Firm, Deheng Law Firm and other units were jointly released.

As a phenomenal thing, digital collections have high heat, while their safety risks cannot be ignored, such as: infringement piracy risk, content compliance risk, price speculation risk, risk of network fraud, regulatory compliance risks, financial security risks, etc. Essence This reference book is based on professionalism, practicality, and authority as the core principle. It is the first most detailed application reference book for the field of digital collections.

"Reference for Digital Collection Application" is based on existing laws and regulations to actively explore the compliance and healthy and sustainable development of blockchain digital cultural products, and from the morphology definition, development status, safety risk, standardization of applications, related qualifications of digital collections, and related qualifications The case analysis and other aspects were discussed, which aims to provide theoretical references for the application of blockchain platforms, distribution platforms and users in the digital collection industry, and the supervision of relevant national departments to help promote the development of digital cultural strategy, implement the implementation of Chinese characteristics and build Chinese characteristics The outline of the intellectual property rights of the world.

"Digital Collection Application Reference" defines digital collections as a new form of digital publications, and is divided into two types of products: blockchain works copyright and blockchain digital publishing product. If the copyright of the blockchain works, if it is a copyright digital asset -based and securitized transaction, it needs to be conducted on the exchanges approved by the provincial or above governments. Publishing product form sales.

"Digital Collection Application Reference" is very easy to access public chain, virtual currency, tokens, hype, money laundering, MLM, illegal fund -raising, financial, securitization, infringement, piracy, illegal publication, information, data The risks in terms of security have been introduced in detail, providing practitioners and users with a comprehensive professional risk prevention plan.

The major core value of "Digital Collection Application Reference" is also to provide the most detailed compliance application reference for the digital collection industry, including digital collection operation processes, the requirements of the blockchain under the blockchain Publishing points, contents of the work, online publishing points, value assessment principles, product distribution requirements, use scenarios are interval, cross -chain application paths.

"Digital Collection Application Reference" also introduced the relevant qualifications involved in the field of digital collections, and corresponding to obtaining blockchain information service filing, copyright service qualifications, "online publishing service licenses", "Valuable telecommunications business business license", "network", "network" "Cultural Operation License", property rights (digital) exchanges, etc. have made guidance.

"Digital Collection Application Reference"

Preparation unit:

National Press and Publication Agency Science and Technology and Standard Comprehensive Laboratory Blockchain Copyright Application Center

Industry collaboration unit:

China Digital Culture Group

China Cultural Relics Exchange Center

Xinhua Wenxuan Sichuan Digital Publishing Media Co., Ltd.

Hangzhou International Digital Trading Co., Ltd.

Finance and Economics • New

Technical cooperation unit:

China Electronic Technology Network Information Security Co., Ltd. Blockchain Center

Copyright Special Committee of the Sichuan Blockchain Industry Association

Zhejiang University International United Business School Digital Economy and Financial Innovation Research Center

Legal consultant unit:

Deheng Law Firm

Wan Shang Tianqin Law Firm

Law Special Committee of Shanghai Blockchain Technology Association

Writing group members (the ranking is not divided)

Liu Tianjiao Tan Ping Pan and Lin An Hongzhang Yin Zhentao Li Jieming Zhu Xing Yang Zhengjun Qiu Yu Super Zhang Ye Ding Shan Xie Ailing Xuanxuan

1. Overview of digital collections

(1) Origin of digital collections

Digital collections have gone through four stages: conceptual stage, early construction stage, stage of foreign development boom, and domestic exploration stage.

1. The first stage: the concept stage

In 2014, New York artist Kevinmi Koyi launched a NFT on the nano -nano -block chain, which is usually considered to be the first NFT in history; in 2015, "Spells of Genesis" was launched to put the game's economic system and block Combining chain technology.

2. The second stage: early construction stage

In June 2017, the NFT project Crypto Punks was born and used images as "encrypted assets"; in October 2017, Cryptokitties encrypted cat game was launched; Nonfungible.com launched the NFT market tracking platform in 2018; during the same period, OpenSea, Superrare, Known Origin, Makersplace, etc., has established a platform for publishing and discovering digital art. 3. Third stage: stage of foreign development boom

In 2020, the NBA launched the star video product NBA Top Shot; in 2020, digital artist Beeple took 14 years of work "Everydays: The FIRST 5000 Days" was sold as NFT, and various stars and artists published NFT through various platforms; In 2021, the blockchain game project Axie Infinity was released.

4. Fourth stage: domestic exploration stage

On May 20, 2021, Taobao's Ali auction gathered in fun to launch NFT digital art public welfare auctions.

On June 23, 2021, Alipay released the Dunhuang Feitian Payment Code Skin NFT; on August 2, 2021, Tencent's NFT trading software fantasy nuclear was officially launched; on August 15, 2021, Ali Auction and Zhixin Chain and the new version of the chain were launched online. The "Blockchain Digital Copyright Assets Transaction" opened the NFT copyright specification application exploration; in October 2021, in the inner page of the Tencent Phantom APP and Alipay Mini Program "Ant Chain Fan", the word "NFT" disappeared "Digital Collection".

On June 3, 2022, the National Press and Publication Agency's science and technology and standard comprehensive laboratory blockchain copyright application center, Xinhua Wenxuan Sichuan digital publishing media, Hangzhou National Digital Trading Center released the digital collection compliance issuance system "blockchain digital Publishing and issuing a trading platform matrix "and regarding digital collections as a new form of digital publications.

(2) Digital collection form

1. Digital collection shows two product forms at this stage:

(1) The same work, one -time single sales.

(2) In the same work, limited sales.

2. Digital collection also shows three ways to generate:

(1) Digital mapping of physical objects. Some digital collections "copy" digital products to "copy" the original data of calligraphy and painting, collected cultural relics, and artworks.

(2) Digital original works.

(3) Fusion of digital works with physical or equity.

(3) Digital collection range

Digital collections include: text works, oral works, music, drama, song art, dance, acrobatics works, art, architecture works, photographic works, audiovisual works, engineering design drawings, product design drawings, maps, schematic pictures and other graphic works, and Model works, etc.

Digital collections have gradually penetrated into many fields such as entertainment, leisure, catering, shopping, tourism, sports, and ticketing.

(4) Definition of digital collections

1. The definition of digital collections is based on the work. The Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that works refer to the intellectual achievements that are original and can be expressed in the field of literature, art and science.

2. The definition of digital collections is based on copyright. The Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that copyright refers to the general term of the copyright owner's property rights and personal rights enjoyed by literature, art and scientific works.

3. The definition of digital collections is based on network publications. The "Online Publishing Service Management Regulations" stipulates that online publications refer to digital works with publishing characteristics such as editing, production, processing, copying, and distribution through information networks. Network publications mainly include: (1) Intellectual, thoughtful text, pictures, maps, games, animations, audio and video readings and other digital works in the fields of literature, art, science and other fields; Digital works with consistent contents of newspapers, journals, audiovisual products, electronic publications, etc. (3) Digitalized works such as online literature databases formed by the above works through selection, arrangement, and gathering; Other types of digital works.

The characteristics of digital collections fully meet the core forms of digital publications, and also reflect the core elements of digital copyrights. Digital collection uses blockchain technology to anchor the only digital voucher on the production chain or the right to use the right to use. It cannot be tampered with, unpacking, and limited distribution. Essence

In summary, the more accurate definition of digital collections at this stage: Digital collections are a new form of digital publications.

Analysis of digital collections can be released in compliance according to the following two product types:

1. Copyright of blockchain works. It mainly refers to the transfer and transaction of the entire or part of the property rights that will be confirmed and certified by the chain. Copyright of blockchain works, such as copyright digital asset -based and securitization transactions, must be carried out in accordance with the law approved by the provincial or above governments.

2. Blockchain digital publishing products. It mainly refers to the work that will pass the confirmation and certification of the chain. After being published by the Internet, it will be sold in the form of limited and multiple blockchain digital publishing products.

The above two products can be sold in the form of additional and integration with the real or equity. Second, the development of digital collections at this stage

(1) Industry supervision trend

On April 12, the relevant departments of the State Administration of Cultural Relics organized a seminar on digital collections to conduct in -depth discussions on issues such as public welfare attributes, data security, and consumer rights on the development of digital collections. Important requirements: Cultural Bo units should not directly sell the original data of cultural relics as a limited edition of goods; the literary units should actively promote the opening and sharing of cultural relics information resources; in the development and utilization of cultural relics information resources, the literary units must adhere to the public welfare attributes; firmly grasp the correct ideology of ideas Guide and ensure the security of cultural relics information.

On April 13, the "Initiative on Preventing NFT -related financial risks" jointly released by the China Internet Finance Association, the China Banking Association, and the China Securities Industry Association pointed out that NFT shows certain value in the rich digital economy model, but also There are hidden dangers such as hype, money laundering, illegal financial activities. The "Initiative" calls on member units to curb the tendency of NFT's financial securitization and strictly prevent the risk of illegal financial activities.

On May 20th, Fujian Province issued the "Reminder of Fujian Province Clean up and rectify the work team of various trading venues on preventing NFT illegal risks". , Trading activities.

(2) Participate in the unit situation

At present, state -owned units and listed companies in various industries are in the field of digital collections. Internet manufacturers such as BAT have also had layout, including providing digital collection blockchain services and distribution platforms. Xinhua News Agency, People's Daily, Central Radio and Television Station, Guangming Daily, China Search, China Xintong Institute, Liberation Daily, National Information Center, China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, China Mobile, China UnionPay, China Cultural Media Group, China Film and Television Internet Internet Industrialization Research Institute, National Sports Bureau, National Library, National Theater, etc. have entered the bureau's digital collection platforms and issued digital collections; Agency, Sichuan Digital Publishing Media, Tiandi Publishing House, Zhejiang People's Publishing House, Hunan People's Publishing House, Fujian People's Publishing House, Chongqing Publishing Group, Sichuan People's Publishing House and other publishing units have launched digital collections; , Shunwang Technology, Chinese Online and other listed companies have launched a number of listed companies; China Youth Daily, Shandong Radio, Phoenix Satellite TV Group, Hunan Radio and Television, Finance and Economic Magazine, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Newspaper, etc. Literary units such as Maijishan Grottoes, Henan Museum, etc., Shenzhen University, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Hainan Cultural Exchange, Hangzhou International Digital Trading Center, Gansu Provincial Cultural Property Exchange Center, etc. Traditional industries such as tea and green land groups have also released digital collections.

(3) Distribution platform situation

As of now, there have been more than 700 domestic collection platforms. Among them, the seven hidden platforms have central media backgrounds, namely the Lingjing · People's Art Museum, Shizang, Xinhua Digital Tibetan, Leopard Leopard · Youth Universe, People's Technology Digital Collection Platform, Guangming Art Products, and Yuanshi; more than 20 numbers; more than 20 numbers; The Tibetan platform has a state -owned background, such as Xucai Digital Tibetan, Seal Digital Tibetan, HI Yuan Universe, Unique Art, Mid -Body Tibetan, etc.; More than 25 Tibetan platforms have the background of listed companies, such as Ali Auction, Whale Detective, Spiritual Culture, Culture, Culture, Culture, Culture, Culture, Culture, and Culture. Squid, phantom nucleus, TME digital collections, Baidu super chain digital collections, Xiaodu Xunyu, Linglian, Netease planet digital collections, etc.

(4) Provide service blockchain

Domestic digital collections are mainly based on the alliance chain, and there are also a few platforms based on public chains. Alliance chains that provide blockchain services for digital collections include: Starfire · Chain Network (Lingjing Collection, Conspiracy Digital Collection, etc.), People's Chain (Lingjing · People's Art Museum, etc.) BSN chain (Chihiro Tibetan, Qiankun Digital Collection, TOPHOLDER, Bright Art Products, etc.), Changan Chain (Yuan vision, Xunxun Nuzang, etc.), Zhixin Chain (Phantal Macura, Alibaba Auction, Alibaba Cloud, etc.), Alibaba Cloud, etc.), Alibaba Auction, etc.), Ali Cloud, etc.), Ali Cloud, etc.), Ali Clouds, etc.), Ali Cloud, etc.), Ali Cloud, etc.),) Tencent -Xinxin Chain (Phantom nuclear, TME digital collections, fifth state, etc.), new version of chain (Ali Auction, Xucai Digital Tibetan, Yuanshi, etc.), ant chain (whalever, ultra -dimensional space, seventh -level universe, etc.) , Baidu Super Chain (Baidu Super Chain Digital Collection, Xiaodu Xunyu, Zhiyuan Art, etc.), Jingdong Zhizhen Chain (Lingyan, Red Fruit Disposal, etc.), Netease Blockchain (Netease Planet, etc.) The same number of arts, etc.), fun chain (red cave count, zero realm hidden, etc.), Guangjian chain (light note collectors, squid, etc.), etc.).

The public chain chain provided by the domestic blockchain services includes tree map chains. The number of hidden platforms based on the tree map chain include Leopard, Leopard, Youth Universe, Taoist, thin box, etc.

Typical blockchain platform:

1. Zhixin Chain

Zhixin Chain is the blockchain service platform of the National Press and Publication Agency Science and Technology and Standard Comprehensive Laboratory Blockchain Copyright Application Center.

Zhixin Chain has launched many well -known digital collection products, such as blockchain digital copyright products: Sanxingdui series, ancient Shu Jinsha series; blockchain digital publishing products: Gu Aling, Ding Zhen, Gesar; blockchain digital publishing fusion products : "Digital Collection", vinyl records of Beethoven and Mozart.

Zhixin Chain has built a complete "digital collection trading platform matrix". This matrix consists of 4 product systems and 4 major audit systems. 4 major product systems include blockchain -based: digital copyright industry chain, digital publishing open platform, digital collection distribution platform, and sky universe; 4 major audit systems include: copyright review system, online publishing service system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, and value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and audit system, and value evaluation and audit system, value evaluation and review system, Issuing a transaction audit system. Zhixin Chain and Hangzhou International Digital Trading Center have established a cross -chain product flow to backup chain "reserve", which opened a standardized flow -loop -closed channel for digital collections generated by the domestic legal alliance chain: copyright review → backup generation → cross -chain freezing → online publishing of online publishing → Product issuance → Asset transaction → Scene use. 2. Digital China Chain

"Digital China Blockchain Service Infrastructure" (referred to as "Digital Chain") is the first blockchain solution specifically for "full -type production factor digital new circulation". Digital chain is supported by the Fuzhou Municipal People's Government of Digital China Construction Summit -Fuzhou Municipal People's Government. The top -level design is based on the theory of digital China Construction. Online publishing management and digital copyright circulation plan, the world's largest asset online circulation platform Ali Assets and its ecology as key nodes, support the production factors and digital assets of many important industries across the country across provinces, realize the full cycle of trusted, full -link intelligence The compliance of compliance increases. In order to promote the large -scale domestic economic cycle, the number of chains provides a long -term blockchain base construction, and provides relevant advanced service products for the perfect market -oriented configuration mechanism.

3. China Digital Confer Chain

China Digital Interchange Chain has national blockchain information technology security technical guarantee, as well as core capabilities such as blockchain digital copyright management, online publishing and distribution, content audit, appraisal and certification. Cultural relics and artistic figures are confirmed, traceable protection, appraisal and exchanges, research, interpretation, display, and dissemination, and provide a full -chain one -stop one -stop one -stop cultural blog digital art collection application development service for the majority of cultural and bloggers.

"Yuan Shi", which is supported by the underlying technical support from the China Digital Literature Chain, is a pioneer platform for the digital cultural and creative specifications of cultural relics and cultural and creative norms jointly developed by the China Cultural Relics Exchange Center and Xiamen Yuanzheng Technology Co., Ltd. There are service segments such as digital cultural and creative transactions, cultural and cultural art appreciation, Wenbo industry information, and personal museums. Digital cultural and creative services such as digital cultural and creative experiences such as attached content, offline rights or technical gameplay will be provided for various types of cultural assets, and digital cultural and creative services such as the experience of attached content, offline rights or technical gameplay, and conducting digital cultural and creative transactions and distribution.

4. New version chain

The "new version of the chain" is the only copyright and intellectual property industry chain of the Sichuan Provincial Government and the Sichuan Provincial Department of Economic and Information Technology, which is led by the Sichuan Provincial Department of Economic and Information Technology. The Copyright Special Committee leads the construction and operation. The "new version of the chain" has national excellent underlying technical support, copyright review, network publishing, value evaluation and other service qualifications and capabilities, with comprehensive operating service teams and strong public trust credibility nodes, "new version chain" construction "Digital copyright assets" The transaction "project has opened the iconic blockchain version of the right landing application.

(5) Application situation

1. Typical application

Digital collection applications are continuously expanding and out. Among them, the most applications are art collections and art works. Digital or physical art collections are made into "digital collections" through blockchain technology. Literary units such as the Dunhuang Research Institute, the Emperor Qin Shi Mausoleum, and the Sanxingdui Museum launched the Dunhuang pickup, digital Qin figurines, ancient Shu collections, etc., to activate the cultural relics to activate digital cultural heritage; New scenes of cultural consumption, using digital collections, the artist breaks the time and space restrictions on communication with fans; Xinhua Digital Tibetan has launched rural rejuvenation collections, son -in -law digital collections launch digital villagers digital collections; The 3D version of the "Tiger Wa" digital collection was released by Radio and Television; Chinese search releases the Peking Opera Facebook digital collection; digital collections have also become a new stage for public welfare publicity. Yuan Longping's team; the Supreme People's Procuratorate launched digital collections of the rule of law gallery of minors; Xinhua Digital Collection launched the "June 1" children's painting series of public welfare digital collections.

Followed by music digital collections, such as Tencent Music "TME Digital Collection", Hu Yanbin's 20th anniversary of "Monk" commemorates vinyl NFT on the QQ music platform limited sale; Cool Dog Music and China Youth Daily issued non -heritage instrument digital music collections "Gulehua Zhangzhang" "It covers 7 non -heritage instruments of Guqin, Suona, Matouqin, Pipa, Flute, Flute, and 埙; Limited Edition of QQ Music launched a limited edition 13 invites vinyl record NFT.

Sports digital collections, such as Alibaba during the European Cup, presented the "Over -Chain" trophy to the first three players of the shooting list with the co -event organizer; the China Section of 6 sports digital collections such as the "First Beijing Marathon Memorial Badge".

Ticket -type digital collections will cause various types of tickets, including physical tickets and digital tickets, and the on -the -chain casting into digital collections, which helps the tickets and circulation of tickets, and reduce the cost of ticketing. The means attract traffic. On March 3, 2022, China Oriental Performing Arts Group joined hands with Ali Entertainment to launch the first digital collection in the Chinese performance industry in Tao Tickets and Whale Detective. Digital collection of virtual and real fusion is an application that combines digital works with physical objects. On April 23, 2022, World Reading Day was led by the National Press and Publication Agency Science and Technology and Standard Comprehensive Laboratory Blockchain Copyright Application Center and Xinhua Wenxuan Sichuan Digital Publishing Media. , "Zhixin Chain" and "Star Transcendence" jointly innovated in the country's first blockchain book integration publishing and distribution project "Digital Collection" was released. The first batch of nearly 30 publishing units participated, creating a physical book chain+ After the number of digital collection tickets is on the chain, digital collections with collective value.

At the Shopping Festival on June 18, 2022, the "Tmall No. 1 Plan" digital collection became a typical case of new marketing methods combined with digital collections, equity, etc. It has also become the direction of many platforms.

2. Derivative application

The application scenarios of derived blockchain digital collections include digital insurance, digital education, digital scientific research, digital social, and the universe. In May 2022, the CBA Championship Club of Xucai Digital Tibetan Park CBA Championship Club Liaoning Bencoung Cosmic Straits, Foshan Nanhai District Cultural and Tourism Bureau guided by the non -heritage Cultural Dragon Dragon Dance Lion Dance Yuan Cosmic Digital Collection; July 2022, Sichuan, Sichuan, Sichuan The Provincial Games Working Committee released the Yuan universe -the sky, aiming to build a multi -dimensional beautiful parallel world for human beings, and will also create a virtual world with a detailed and complete organizational structure of value, operating rules, and organizational structures. And the application scenario build its own "planet".

Digital collection application scenarios are continuously expanding, and the value discovery of the value of the digital economy is closer to various fields.

Third, digital collection risk

(1) Access to the public chain

According to the degree of open permits required for access, the blockchain can be roughly divided into three categories, public chains, alliance chains, and private chains. Among them, the public chain does not have an artificial permission. Anyone can join the network according to the rules set by its open source code. Bitcoin and Ethereum belong to the public chain. The alliance chain, also known as the license chain, is generally composed of management nodes, credit nodes, consensus nodes, verification nodes, etc. Private chain, system closed, only in the interior of organizations, institutions, etc. Digital collections may face the risks of virtual currencies, tokens, infringement piracy, and legal content to manage mechanisms.

If digital collections directly or indirectly access the public chain, they have strong cross -border circulation capabilities, bringing greater risks in foreign exchange control, capital control, anti -money laundering, and anti -telecommunications fraud. For example, users can use "reasonable" to complete money laundering by frying high digital collections and cross -border transactions.

At present, domestic digital collections mainly use the alliance chain, and the risk boundary is set up through the alliance chain node. Once risks occur, it can respond to the treatment in a timely manner to achieve the healthy development of the industry under effective supervision.

(2) Virtual currency, tokens

If digital collections are used to use virtual currencies for settlement circulation, there will be greater legal risks. The People's Bank of China and other institutions issued the "Notice on Further Preventing and Disposing the Risks of the hype of virtual currency transactions". Bitcoin, Ethereum, and TEDA coins are not compensated and cannot be used as currencies in the market. The virtual currency does not have the legal status equivalent to the legal currency; the business activities of virtual currency related business are illegal financial activities; the overseas virtual currency exchanges provide services to residents in my country through the Internet. Essence The state will severely crack down on virtual currency illegal criminal activities.

If digital collections are used as tokens, the "underlying assets" are replaced from virtual tokens to virtual pictures, avatars, music, etc., which may also have financial attributes, which can easily cause the risk of illegal financial activities.

(3) hype, money laundering

If the digital collections are used as a speculation tool, it may become a "drumming flower game" from the reasonable value of itself; if the lack of display and actual application scenarios of digital collections, this new product model will not continue to develop; if digital collections lack user information such as user information, Supervision, transaction under the off -site external chain, will be difficult to trace. If the user speculates to fry a certain number of collections to the sky -high price, and the seller will use the identity of himself as a buyer, he can use the "reasonable" method to complete money laundering.

(4) MLM, illegal fundraising

If digital collections are used in the name of "digital currency" or "digital assets", we will adopt the form of MLM, making money, and promise income, return, and repurchase. The corresponding civil liability for civil or even criminal law is needed.

(5) Finance and securitization

If the digital collections are used to become an investment product, they will split equity, create batch creation, issue in disguise, trading financial products and securities, and carry out token issuance financing (ICO). Business, etc.), continuous listing transactions, standardized contract transactions and other services, and setting up trading venues in disguise illegal regulations, it will be likely to become illegal financial activities to bear civil administration and even criminal legal responsibilities. (6) Infringement, piracy

The core of digital collections is to rely on blockchain to establish confirmation, certification and intelligent contracts, traceability, limited, tampering, non -segmentation, and non -copying, so that the collection has the unique equity attribute. If the digital collections have no copyright review mechanism, the infringement and piracy will not be possible to stop the infringement and piracy from the source. The behavior of unauthorized issuance of digital collections will constitute the infringement of other civil rights such as the property rights or personal rights of the copyright owner, as well as other civil rights such as portrait rights, reputation rights, and honor.

(7) Illegal publication

Digital collections will provide digital works with publishing characteristics such as editing, production, and processing through the information network without the online publication, which may be punished as illegal publications. Network publications refer to original digital works such as literary, art, science and other fields in the fields of literature, art, science and other fields; Electronic publications and other contents with consistent digital works.

(8) Information, data security

Digital collections are generated by relying on the emerging Internet technology of the blockchain. Although the blockchain technology has natural anti -tampering specialties through a distributed consensus mechanism, due to the complexity of information system construction and application management, if it is not considered, it is not available. There will still be a certain security risk.

The security risks of the blockchain system can generally be divided into traditional Internet system security and unique security of the blockchain system. Traditional Internet system security issues refer to the relevant security issues related to ordinary information systems such as communication and network security, host security and mobile security. Although this part of the technical solution is relatively mature, it is also the most ignored place for many blockchain platforms and developers, such as It is prone to security loopholes without paying attention.

The unique security problem of the blockchain system refers to the security issues related to the blockchain technology mechanism, such as the safety of consensus mechanisms and smart contract security. This is very different from the traditional Internet. For many developers, there are certain thresholds for many developers It is very easy to produce security loopholes, which is also the biggest technical risk facing the current digital collections.

In addition, the form of centralized metadata storage and inert casting in the digital collection business (the distribution platform is for saving resources, and the digital collections will only be generated after users purchase), private key custody, etc. Causes information leakage and further cause data loss or even property losses.

Fourth, digital collection specification application

(1) Digital collection flowchart

1. Copyright review: Natural person, legal person or unincorporated organization who is fully authorized by the copyright owner or the copyright owner to register the copyright work through the blockchain copyright service platform;

2. Authorized audit: The audit agency reviews the content and equity of the work;

3. Entrusted publishing: Signing an entrusted publishing electronic agreement;

4. Works on the work: the chain certificate on the work, generate blockchain digital products;

5. Online publishing: Products after content review, three instances and three schools, forming blockchain digital publishing products;

6. Value assessment: After the product is evaluated, the product price is drawn up;

7. Product distribution: Products on various sales platforms for distribution;

8. Product query: After the user is purchased, you can check the product related information on the front -end platform;

9. Product use: Products can be used at the use scenario mentioned at the (10) points in this part;

10. Asset transactions: If it is a copyright asset, a legalized transaction is performed.

The specific operations of the above links will be explained in the content behind this section.

(2) The bottom layer of the blockchain

The bottom platform of digital collection blockchain should meet the following requirements in 6 aspects: technical selection, node credit, safety management, operation and maintenance, operation and maintenance, operational services, and regulatory filing:

1. Technical selection

The underlying technology platform selected by the blockchain service platform shall meet the industry's relevant functions, performance and security requirements, and through the evaluation of the credibility agency.

2. Node Xinxin

The construction of the blockchain node should make full use of the advantages of the blockchain technology, realize some decentralized business access, strengthen ecological effects, and enhance the authority and credibility of the platform. Such as the introduction of government, justice, large state -owned enterprises, industrial leaders or access regional or national infrastructure platforms.

3. Safety management

Corresponding protection measures are adopted for the password key security, smart contract security, and network environment security in the platform application process, and inspection and testing such as the security testing of smart contracts and the protection evaluation of information security levels of the Ministry of Public Security.

4. Operation and maintenance protection

The blockchain platform should have professional operation and maintenance personnel, teams, and supporting operations such as monitoring and early warning, daily inspections, and emergency response.

5. Operation service

The blockchain platform should have professional operating personnel, teams, and supporting operation management specifications such as operational planning and access mechanisms.

6. Regulatory filing

The blockchain platform shall obtain relevant qualifications in accordance with relevant regulations, and accept the filing supervision and management of relevant departments, such as completing ICP filing, the filing of the Ministry of Public Security, blockchain information service filing, and accessing the government's blockchain supervision platform. (3) Copyright review

In this link, the blockchain copyright service platform needs to infringe and pirate review of the work; the copyright owner needs to submit a certificate of ownership, the required materials:

1. The "Volunteer Registration Certificate" issued by the Copyright Bureau

2. Effective confirmation of the blockchain and certificate deposit certificate.

There is no right to prove that the required authority certification is required, and the required materials:

1. Work name

2. Work category

3. Copyright

4. The author's name or name (the copyright owner and the author unanimously fill in the name or name of the copyright owner)

5. The nature of work creation

6. Copyright Identity Information (Company: Business License; Personal: ID card)

7. How to obtain rights

8. Rights belonging method and explanation

9. Right ownership and explanation

10. All materials need to be submitted to the right to register for the work

(1) Personal works need to be submitted: a copy of the copyright card ID card

(2) The legal person's works need to be submitted: the legal author's certificate, the copy of the legal person's certificate, the copy of the proof person ID card, and the signature of the proofer

(3) The entrustment work must be submitted: the identity document of the two parties of the entrustment of the creative agreement, the entrusted creative agreement

(4) Press work must also be submitted: job creation agreement, job creation agreement identity document document

(5) Cooperative works also need to be submitted: cooperative creation agreement, cooperative creation agreement identity document document

(4) Authorization review

The blockchain copywriting service platform in this link needs to be authorized to review the work, and the copyright owner or agent must provide the "Work Transfer (Authorized) Agreement". Key points for review: types and regions of transferring rights. Copyright property rights include: 1. Copy rights, 2. Issuing rights, 3, rental rights, 4, exhibition rights, 6, screening rights, 7. Broadcast rights, 8, information network communication rights, 9. Rights of photography 10. Adapted rights, 11. Translation rights, 12. Compilation rights, 13. Other rights used by the copyright owner shall be enjoyed by the copyright owner.

The core points of the "Work Transfer (Authorization) Agreement" include:

1. Copyright transfer. Product type: copyright transfer. It means that the copyright owner transferred all or part of the property rights in the copyright to all legal behaviors of others. This transfer can usually be completed by buying and selling, easy -to -be, gifts, or premiums.

2. Copyright permit. Product type: digital publishing product. It refers to the act of copying others to use its works and collect compensation within a certain condition. Including exclusive licenses, discharge his licenses, ordinary permits.

3. Limited clauses. Give full play to the advantages of blockchain to ensure the real limited edition of the product distribution.

4. Select the clause of the chain platform. Select the work on the chain of the blockchain, and should not repeat the previous chain and multiple chains.

The authorized review of this step will have a fundamental impact on the product types and distribution rights of digital collections.

(5) Entrusted publishing

In this link, the copyright owner must sign the "Network Publishing Contract" with the online publishing platform. The contract includes the following points: 1. Publishing form: online publishing. 2. A grant of the publishing unit in the area of ​​the license and the right to publish the work.

The form of publishing will be directly related to the form of the product. Blockchain digital cultural products can all be published online. The proper publishing right refers to the use of the publishing house in the contract. right.

(6) Works on the chain

The content of the work of the work includes:

1. Copyright core elements

2. Authorized core elements

The chain certificate on the work can enable the works of the copyright owner to supervise the full life cycle in the chain.

If the work has been registered and the copyright certificate has been obtained, the work of the work needs:

1. Work sample

2. Clarify the right of work rights

3. Copyright information (name and certificate number)

4. Clarify the right to obtain the right to work

5. Clarify the type of work

6, work creation description

7. Transfer and distribution rights, generate quantity

After the work is completed, it forms a blockchain digital product and enters the online publishing link.

(7) Online publishing

In this session, editors and publishers with qualifications issued by the state conduct content review, and online publishing service units implement the management system of the publication content audit responsibility system, responsible editing system, and responsible school countermeasure system to ensure that the content of the online publication is legal and ensure the quality of publication.

Essential points for online publishing review:

1. Oppose the basic principles determined by the Constitution;

2. Harmly national reunification, sovereignty and territorial integrity;

3. Leaks state secrets, endangers national security, or harms national honor and interests;

4. Inciting national hatred, national discrimination, destroying national unity, or infringing national customs and habits;

5. Promote cult and superstition;

6, spread rumors, disrupt social order, and destroy social stability;

7. Promote obscene, pornography, gambling, violence, or instigating crimes;

8. Insult or slander others, infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of others;

9. Harmly social morality or outstanding national culture traditions;

10. There are other content prohibited by laws, administrative regulations and state regulations.

11. Do not contain the content that induces minors to imitate social morality and illegal crimes, and must not contain content that hinder the physical and mental health of minors, such as horror, cruelty, and other contents that disclose the personal privacy of minors. 12. The content involving major topic selection involving national security and social stability shall go through the filing procedures in accordance with the provisions of the major selection record management. Unprocessed major selection content shall not be published.

(8) Value evaluation

The value assessment of digital collections must be formulated in accordance with the fair price of the market, and reasonable pricing is formulated according to its use value to prevent the basic value from deviating from the basic value.

1. Copyright market conventional price range.

2. Numerous publishing product conventional price range.

(9) Product distribution

Digital collections have been issued by copyright review, authorization review, work chain, and publishing. After the formation of blockchain digital copyright or blockchain digital publishing products, compliance sales can be carried out. The regular distribution and sales of digital collections are as cultural products, not finance and securities products. Digital copyright products in digital collections, such as digital asset transactions, need to be traded in accordance with relevant laws and regulations approved by the provincial and above governments.

During the distribution, it is necessary to strictly take the sales of goods and provide services as the real purpose. All users need real -name registration. Blockchain copywriting products do not continue to be listed, shares split transactions, standardized contract transactions; blockchain copywriting products, blockchain digital publishing Products do not carry out centralized bidding, electronic matching, and market merchants. They must not promise to return, repurchase, and do not provide financial leverage.

The distribution platform should make full use of the bottom layer of the blockchain, take the user identity information and transaction records, and report the monitoring and reporting of suspicious trading activities to the relevant departments in time to maintain the trading subject, circulation process and conversion speed of digital collections, etc. monitor.

(10) Use scenarios

The use of digital collections has the following typical scenes at this stage:

1. Copyright of the work. All or part of the rights of copyright property rights can be transferred, and related cultural products can be formed.

2. Digital publishing products. Digital products are used to read, learn, appreciate, listen, watch, research and other products through the network, electronic products or virtual space (Yuan Universe) in a wired or wireless manner.

Digital collections can be carried out by laws and regulations such as the Copyright Law and the Property Law, but it is limited to the circulation of the purpose of use. It cannot be traded or privately traded in private transactions or private transactions.

Derivative application scenarios of digital collections include: digital policy, digital education, digital scientific research, digital tickets, etc. Digital collections provide core components for the value Internet and the Yuan universe. To a certain extent, it will become the basis of the property rights of the digital economy and realize the transmission and circulation of value. The deep integration of digital collections and the real economy industry will promote the upgrading and transformation of the industrial structure of the domestic real economy.

(11) Cross -chain application

Digital collections on different alliance chains with the same chain rules and generating processes can realize cross -chain use and cross -chain circulation; digital collections on the alliance chain of different upper chain rules and generating processes can be backups through digital collections and will be backup of the digital collection chain. Digital products and user core information are backups, and copyright review and authorization review are performed. After digital publication, cross -chain use and cross -chain circulation will be achieved.

1. Cross -chain use. The use scenarios of different alliance chains are open and used for digital collections of different alliance chains.

2. Cross -chain circulation. Digital collections of different alliance chains realize traceable, non -tampering, and unique circulation.

5. Digital collection -related qualifications

(1) Blockchain information service filing

In 2019, the National Internet Information Office issued the "Regulations on the Management of Blockchain Information Service", which requires online filing for information service platforms such as websites. (URL: https://bcbeian.ifcert.cn/index)

The formal implementation stipulated by the management indicates that my country has begun formal supervision of blockchain information services. As of May 2022, the Internet Information Office has announced eight batches of filing companies. The content of the filing service is divided into three categories: (one -choice one) infrastructure provider, application operator, technology provider. Blockchain services such as digital collections, meta universe, and BAAS should be recorded, and it is recommended that the security level protection of the blockchain information system is recommended.

(2) Copyright service workstation

Digital collection platforms are issued and selling products. They should refer to the qualifications of copyright service station approved by the Copyright Administration, or the issuance of products reviewed by the sales and sales of the copyright service station.

Copyright service workstations can carry out publicity and training of copyright laws and regulations and related knowledge; conduct professional services such as copyright consultation, copyright registration, dispute mediation, information services, and copyright -related statistics in this area.

Conditional application conditions for copyright service workstations: staff who are necessary for office space, work funding and familiarity with copyright -related laws and regulations, and have copyright service capabilities; more than 60%of products in industrial parks or industrial cluster are substantially related to copyright; familiar with where they are; Regional copyright -related industries can provide professional services such as copyright consultation, copyright training, copyright registration, dispute mediation, information services, copyright -related statistics related to copyright related statistics related to the region of the region to assist enterprises to carry out copyright rights; The approval of the county copyright administrative department and actively undertake enterprise institutions related to the relevant work entrusted by the copyright administrative department can apply for the establishment of a copyright service station with the Copyright Bureau of the Municipal level and above. (3) Online publishing service license

Digital collection platforms are issued and selling products. They should refer to products with the qualifications with the "Online Publishing Service License", or the issuance of products published by the qualification platform with the "Online Publishing Service License" qualification platform.

The service content in the "Online Publishing Service License" includes: Internet audiovisual publications, Internet books, Internet newspapers, Internet magazines, mobile publications, Internet academic publications, Internet electronic publications, Internet text publications, Internet education publication Things, Internet game publications, Internet maps. Most of the permit content will not be included in one certificate. In actual operation, the content of the specific license service needs to be corresponding.

(4) Value -added telecommunications business business license

If the digital collection platform wants to issue sales products, it shall refer to the "Value -added Telecom Business Business License". The "Value -added Telecom Business Business License" refers to the license to use the telecommunications and information service services provided by public network infrastructure. The state implements a license system for telecommunications business operations. If you operate the telecommunications business, you must obtain a telecommunications business business license issued by telecommunications management agencies issued by telecommunications management agencies of the State Council in accordance with regulations. No organization or individual may engage in telecommunications business business activities without obtaining a telecommunications business license.

(5) Network cultural operation permit

If the digital collection platform wants to issue sales products, it should refer to the "Network Cultural Business License". Business Internet cultural activities refer to activities that provide interests by charging online users or e -commerce, advertising, sponsorship, etc., to provide Internet cultural products and their services. And apply to the cultural administrative department of the people's governments of the province, autonomous region, and municipality directly under the Central Government.

(6) Property right (digital) exchange

The copyright of the blockchain works of the digital collection platform as a platform for copyright digital asset -based and securitized products shall have the qualifications approved by the provincial or above government, or the exchanges will be issued and sold according to law.

In the future, Yuanshi will still actively help the prosperity and development of digital cultural products in blockchain, with the "Reference of Digital Collection Application" as a reference manual to support and promote the compliance health and sustainable construction of the digital cultural market, and implement the implementation of the construction of Chinese characteristics The outline of the intellectual property rights of the world.

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