Whenever the hot review 丨 China to become a large -scale manufacturing country and a large enterprise should become a research organization

If the company's leading scientific and technological innovation model has become the mainstream of scientific and technological innovation activities, then what changes should be changed by the enterprise's own organizational structure and functions to further improve the allocation efficiency of innovative resources and the output benefits of innovative activities? I think about this.

Economists, managers and technical experts have been studying the nature, structure and function of corporate organizations. In the famous paper published in 1937, the Nobel Prize winner and economist Cos put forward the view that "the company is an alternative to the market" and answered the question of why there is an enterprise. Because enterprises can reduce market transaction costs, as long as the increase in management costs is still less than reducing market transaction costs, then the existence of enterprises is reasonable and efficient.

In the Qin Chuang Original State -owned Enterprise Innovation Center in Xianxian New District, Shaanxi Province, scientific researchers conducted electric repair experiments on soil

Fourist, a professor of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is a technical expert. In 1965, he published the paper "New Design of Enterprise", using the principle of system dynamics to study the ideal form of corporate organization -hierarchy, organizational informatization, and open structure. Constantly study and re -adjust the structural relationship. This is the original idea of ​​learning companies.

Peter St. Ji is the founder of the theory of learning organization. As a student of Fred, he used research and case analysis of thousands of enterprises in nearly ten years, and completed the book "Fifth Cultivation -Learning Organization Art and Practice" in 1990. He pointed out that what modern enterprises lack are the ability to think systematically. It is precisely because the modern organization division of labor and responsibility cuts the organization that people's actions are far away from their time and space. When you do not need to be responsible for his actions, people will not correct their behavior, and they cannot learn effectively to improve the efficiency and efficiency of the enterprise.

The proposal and design of learning organizations are mainly based on enabling enterprises to improve their overall operational intelligence and sustainable innovation capabilities, and become the organization that continuously creates future. It can be seen that enterprises have become the concept of learning organization, including the connotation of enterprises to improve their research and development capabilities. In the context of the increasingly frequent and active scientific and technological revolution, the increasingly shortened of innovative products and service cycles, companies are facing tremendous innovation pressure and the requirements of continuously improving the efficiency of innovative resource allocation. Therefore, from the perspective of problem -oriented and result -oriented, the meaning of enterprise learning organizations should be that the enterprise becomes a research organization.

Research -based organizations are based on the concept of improving the efficiency of enterprise innovation, and are the deepening and extension of learning organizations. First of all, based on the important position of scientific and technological innovation in enterprise development, the R & D institution must be placed in the center of the corporate organizational structure, and the R & D institution must be connected to strategies, marketing and production departments. The author said in another short article that the organizational structure of the enterprise is the basic guarantee of its innovation efficiency. The core of BYD's organizational structure is 11 research institutes. From the Central Research Institute, Electric Power Science and Semiconductor Research Institute, which are mainly engaged in basic research, to related applied technology research institutes, and then to product and engineering research institutes, their own exclusive R & D teams , Match the corresponding research and development capabilities, connect the production and market teams. The logic of BYD's organizational structure reflects the development concept of "technology is the king innovation".

Secondly, as a research -oriented enterprise, the research and development+product chain of autonomous formation from basic research to application (development), and then to mass production. In the R & D+product chain, because basic research requires continuous large -scale investment, basic research mainly exists in large and powerful large enterprises. In addition to its own authorization patents, SMEs still need to accept venture capital or achievement transformation and obtain technology transformation to obtain science and technology The results of innovation to produce new products, new services, or improve and improve the original products and services. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize that large enterprises should become research organizations, especially high -tech manufacturing, equipment manufacturing and strategic emerging manufacturing industries, as well as the Internet that is a new generation of information technology. To become a manufacturing power and innovative countries, China needs to produce more international first -class technology companies like Huawei, BYD, DJI.

Again, regardless of learning and research organizations, their formation is closely related to corporate culture. The corporate culture advocated by entrepreneurs is not only a growth agent of learning and research organizations, but also a catalyst that can be deepened and optimized. Different corporate culture affects the recognition and status of scientific and technological innovation in enterprises, and to a large extent affects the ability and efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological innovation into products and services. If the enterprise has higher technical content and services and continuously upgrades and improves, then its corporate culture is to help scientific and technological innovation into a real production capacity. Entrepreneurship and innovation have a close relationship with cultural backgrounds, and different cultural backgrounds and atmosphere have generated different innovation incentives. Cultural advantages deeply affect the input elements and mechanisms of economic activities, and shape the personal and organizational behavior of individuals and organizations in social life. Its role has permeability, transmission and long -term. The innovation culture of an enterprise is highly related to the efficiency of innovation, which has been proven in many technology companies.

(The author is a professor at the School of Economics and Management of Shanghai Jiaotong University, a special researcher at the Shanghai Global Urban Research Institute)

Daily Economic News

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