Grain also has "black technology"!How do people store grain from ancient times to the present?

Right now, the large -scale harvest of summer grain wheat in the country has ended. Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and other 9 provinces have harvested over 300 million mu. A golden grain of wheat granules returned to warehouses, and the heavy responsibility of ensuring food safety fell on the granary.

Kuragi, the world. my country's grain reserves and the construction of granaries have a long history. From ancient French food storage to "black technology" full of modern granary, how does granaries guarantee food safety? How does technology empower the traditional granary, so as to meet modern needs?

Can my country's granary history go back to the Neolithic era?

Wang Dianxuan, a professor at Henan University of Technology, introduced that as early as the Neolithic era, people had the habit of keeping food. At that time, when people were used to drying the cellar, they stored food, and the cavity of the Banpo site was a good proof.

△ Banpo site

Grain is the result of seasonal production and people's daily needs. Therefore, the short -term harvesting of food is stored in the short -term harvest, and the demand for long -term daily consumption has contributed to the emergence of granaries. Wang Dianxuan said that this is also the biological function of the granary.

After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the function of the granary began to transfer to society and the government. At that time, the granary had functions such as flat suppression of prices, disaster relief, and reserve grain storage. In order to solve the problem of less food and expensive price, Qi Guo's Guan Zhong encouraged the people to build the granary to enhance the food storage of Qi State, and the price of rice naturally stabilized.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were many war, social turmoil, and the people lacking food in the people repeatedly appeared. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the nature of the granary has also changed. Farmers sell excess grain to the country, and the state stores food. These grain storage is regulated by the country's plan. These are social significance granary.

my country's granary crafts:

From digging pits to switch to reinforced concrete

The construction forms of ancient granary in my country are also different. Some are directly excavated underground. Some use the mountains to build, and there are "food holes" built on the ground. At the earliest, granary generally existed as the cellar. After people dug a pit underground, they facilitated the environment of burning straw to dry the cellar, and then produced the anti -firing layer. Such a primitive granary was completed.

Starting from the feudal society in my country, people are used to building granary on the ground. This kind of granary is also called "grain hoard". For example, Wang Dianxuan, for example, in the Battle of Wuchao during the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao burned Yuan Shao's granaries in the form of "food hoard".

In the 1980s, the architectural structure of the granary was generally brick -concrete structure, that is, using cement and steel bars as frameworks to use clay bricks as walls. In this development process, different regions will also show different characteristics. For example, granary buildings in arid areas generally use soil, so local granaries are also called dirt warehouses. Therefore, it is also called brick warehouse.

After about 2000, for environmental protection, a new type of granary house removes clay bricks and built with reinforced concrete. In addition, there is also a cornary built directly from steel plates. This kind of new type of granary that is not long and liquid is not long.

my country's grain storage technology world leaders!

Compared with some developed countries, my country's grain storage is longer, and the long -term storage of grain has higher requirements for the structural and supporting performance of the granary.

The factors for controlling long -term food deposit include temperature, humidity and grain water. The temperature of the granary affects the quality of the grain. Wang Dianxuan said that the practical area of ​​temperature control in my country is nearly 100%, and the low -temperature grain storage technology of grain depot in many places is also actively promoting.

In terms of controlling the humidity of the granary, the grain monitoring technology is required. Once the humidity of the granary becomes higher, the food is easy to mold and breed pests. In order to avoid this situation, my country uses sensors, cable computer technology to measure environmental humidity, gas, and detecting the occurrence of pests. This technology is also called multifunctional food detection technology.

In addition, my country has nitrogen -filled gas -filled gas technology in terms of inhibiting insect pests; in terms of ensuring food safety, there is security monitoring technology; when collecting food in grain depots, the rights and interests of farmers and grain operators are also equipped with food acquisitions Systems, etc. It can be said that from planting, grain collection to grain storage, my country has a "one -stop" complete technology.

In terms of technology, Professor Wang believes that scientific and technological progress is endless, mechanized can develop in the direction of automation, automation can develop in the direction of informatization, and informatization can also develop in the direction of intelligence. These technologies depend on the establishment of large databases and relationship models. At this stage, my country is still working hard.

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