New era and new chapter ｜ Listen to the song of land

June 25th is the 32nd National Land Day, the theme is "Save intensive land, strictly observe the red line of cultivated land".

Recently, Xinhua News Agency reporters walked into Sichuan's high -standard farmland, black land in Jilin, and saline -alkali land in Shandong, felt the revitalization pulse on the land, and listened to the song of the rhythm.

"Tianfu Granary" high -standard farmland flowing green

At Yongfeng Village, Taihe Town, Dongpo District, Meishan City, Chengdu Plain, it is now the critical period of rice growth. The green rice fields are like the scholarly stores of the farmers, and the flowing green is overflowing. The flat and fertile high -standard farmland has been spreading to the distance.

Yongfeng Village is one of the most standardized high -standard farmland demonstration models in Sichuan. Before 2012, there were some places in the village in the village, and the food was lucky.

Li Xueping, Secretary of the Party Committee of Yongfeng Village, pointed to a neat field like a chessboard, saying that after the reconstruction of high -standard farmland in 2013, the rotten fields in the village became "Tian Chengfang, Tukang, Qu Chengwang, connected to the road, and connected to the ditch". " Standard farmland. In the past, some fields and corners were opened, and the actual farmland area increased. Today, the village's 6320 acres of cultivated land accounts for nearly half of the high standard farmland.

On June 8th, high standard farmland in Yongfeng Village, Taihe Town, Dongpo District, Meishan City, Sichuan Province. (Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Qiong)

The small fields change the fields, the thin fields, and the fertilizer fields, supporting the construction of field roads and irrigation facilities ... The construction of high -standard farmland has also become an important means to realize the moderate scale of land. Wang Yuanwei, a large grain farmer in Yongfeng Village, has circulated more than 3,000 acres of land planting rice in the village and surroundings. Between the fields of Founder, the whole process has achieved mechanized operations.

Jinguang Village is adjacent to Yongfeng Village. Here Li Xiangde, the chairman of the national grain and sales of grain and sales, and the chairman of the professional cooperatives of the rice and rice, led 860 members, not only explored the model of unified agricultural technology, unified agricultural capital, unified standards, unified standards, and unified sales models, but also made rice processing Factory, registered series of trademarks. In 2021, the cooperative increased 6 million kilograms of rice and gave members 6.2 million yuan. This year, the cooperative has grown more than 80,000 acres of rice. Thanks to the construction of high -standard farmland, mechanical grain planting reduces labor costs.

Mao Yexiong, full -time deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and Deputy Director of the Provincial Agricultural and Rural Department, said that the No. 1 document of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee this year is clear that it is necessary to build 4.5 million acres of high -standard farmland and 400,000 acres of high -efficiency water -saving irrigated farmland. In the next step, Sichuan will continue to promote the construction of high -standard farmland to ensure food safety.

In the sun, winding in the rice fields or wide or narrow irrigation canals, the water flowing from Dujiangyan flows, like the future chanting of "Tianfu Grain".

Return to the field to make the black land "black" more "black"

In the fields in Lishu County, Siping City, Jilin Province, the green corn seedlings danced with the wind and looked far away. The scene was like a tranquil pastoral painting.

There is a fertile black soil in the northeast, which is an excellent breeding ground for nourishing food growth. For the formation of a 1 cm thick black soil layer under natural conditions, it takes 200 to 400 years.

"Due to excessive reclamation and utilization, the black land was once facing degradation. The problems that cannot be ignored. Whenever the wind comes, the precious black soil is rolled up, the land becomes thinner, and it is difficult to increase the production of fertilizers." Wang Yuewu, a peasant in Linhai Town, Liushu County, ten years. Relevant monitoring data show that the depth of the cultivation of the Heishi County Heiqi District has dropped from 20 cm to about 15 cm.

In order to reduce the loss of black soil, since 2007, scientific research units such as Lishu County, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Agricultural University and other scientific research units have begun to test the protective farming technology with straw back to the field.

China Agricultural University's protective farming test field in Lishu County (taken in March 2021). Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Ziheng Photo

Can the straw on the ground still come out? Wang Yuewu and others tried new technologies in doubt. After a few years, the villagers gradually discovered that the corn of Wang Yuewu's family was "strong" than other families, and the output was higher.

More "Wang Yuewu" embrace new farming technology. This model is pushed away locally and is called the "pear tree model". According to the monitoring of relevant departments, 5 years after the "pear tree model" was adopted, the organic matter quality of the surface soil increased by about 20%, which also effectively reduced the wind erosion of the soil.

In Bingzi Village, Qian'an County, Songyuan City, Jilin, the villager Li Jinyu checked the growth of corn in the ground. He told reporters that in the past, the wind was frequent, and the soil wind erosion was severe. Sometimes it was just a few days after sowing, and the wind was blowing. Li Jinyu said that since the promotion of the "Pear Tree Model", it no longer has to be sown.

The application of the "pear tree model" needs to be used with a supporting sowing machine. While reducing the loss of land, it also improves the land utilization rate and promotes the use of land concentration. The black land protection local regulations were introduced, and the "Black Earth Grain" science and technology battle was implemented with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was clear that the protective farming area of ​​2025 reached 40 million acres ... The songs on the black soil of Jilin were singing and loud.

New varieties and new technologies are "white" for saline -alkali land

In the summer harvest, the cure salt -alkali -alkali -improvement ecological construction high -standard farmland demonstration park located in Dongying City, Shandong Province, located in Haikou, Haikou. Breakthrough, the average yield per mu was 357.11 kg.

"After harvesting the wheat and planting corn and soybeans, the saline -alkali land can also play a harvest song!" Gai Junshan, chairman of Shandong Qianshun Soil and Water Governance Technology Co., Ltd., who is responsible for the improvement of this saline -alkali land governance, pointed at the newly harvested wheat field.

"Summer is watery, in winter, it is white, and the grasshoppers are drought, and the toads are waterlogged." In the former Bohai Sea, farmers were miserable in the face of the saline -alkali land of white flowers. Especially in the Kenli District, many saline -alkali land is higher than severe saline -alkali standards.

In 2021, Gaijun Mountain circulated 3,000 acres of saline -alkali land in Kenli District. After the improvement of the comprehensive technical system of the two -layer vacuum negative pressure resistance of the national invention patent technology, the salt content of salt -alkali land was reduced from 16 ‰ to about 3 ‰. In that year, some land rice per mu was 8 or nine hundred pounds.

On June 5th, in Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, the drought -resistant and saline -resistant wheat "Jimai 60" was measured. (Photo Conferring in Shandong Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

Use technology forces to improve saline -alkali land into rice grains and rivers.

After the harvest of summer grains, it was the time to grow beans. As the first adult of Shandong corn -soybean -shaped composite planting variety "Qihuang 34", Xu Ran, a researcher at the Institute of Crops of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences almost every day in the farmland of the Yellow River Delta.

"This year is the first year when Shandong's large -scale promoting corn -soybean band -shaped composite planting, I have to stare every day!" Xu Ran said, "The most afraid of encountering heavy rain, high temperature droughts, soils are easy to end, soybeans have poor seedlings, affecting farmers, affecting farmers Planting enthusiasm. "

The entire Dongying City has 3.41 million mu of saline and alkali land, of which the area of ​​saline -alkali cultivated land accounts for 57%of the total arable land area. In order to do a good job of saline -alkali soybean planting and corn -soybean band -shaped composite planting work, local well -known experts in Sichuan Agricultural University, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other institutions are hired locally to establish a guidance group to cultivate new types of occupations such as "Turkish Experts" and "Tian Xiucai". Farmers rely on demonstration to drive the masses scientific planting.

"As a breeder, we must accelerate the cultivation of more new varieties that adapt to saline -alkali land and higher output, promote the" good breed+good method+good opportunity 'supporting application, and turn more saline -alkali land into rice grain. " Cao Xinyou, a researcher at the Institute of Crops of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

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