Promote the efficient development of the blue economy

June 8th is World Marine Day. Every year, the United Nations and other international institutions will carry out a series of activities around the topic such as maintaining marine health and promoting sustainable development of marine economy. A report from the Economic Cooperation and Development Organization shows that the healthy development of marine ecological environment is vital to society and the environment. Since 1970, the ocean has absorbed more than 90%of human activities. The ocean lives. How to better use marine resources and maintain marine life diversity, and further tap the marine economic value is worth exploring. Our reporter interviewed relevant scholars around related topics.

Marine resources are of great significance to human beings

According to statistics, 40%of the world's population lives in coastal areas, and 80%of the world's trade is achieved through maritime. The United Nations has released a report saying that the development and utilization of the ocean and coastal areas will help better solve the grain crisis and eliminate poverty. However, the current development and utilization of marine resources still has many unreasonable things, which makes the ocean facing serious threats, including acidification, pollution, warming, nutritionalization and fishery collapse. To eliminate these threats, it is necessary to take long -term efforts and take necessary emergency actions.

In 2015, the UN Sustainable Development Summit passed the "Age of Sustainable Development in 2030", which set a total of 17 sustainable development goals. In order to solve the problem of damage facing marine and ocean resources, the 14th item clearly stipulates that the protection and sustainable use of marine and marine resources to promote sustainable development. This clause also requires a wide range of cooperation in the international community to achieve dynamic balance of marine and marine resources through institutions and laws. Although the international community has taken necessary actions and made many progress, there is still a long way to go to achieve the goal of 2030.

When it comes to the purpose of human development of marine resources, Adam Loch, associate professor of the Global Food and Resources Center of Adelaide University in Australia, said in an interview with reporters that the ocean is the key source of food, energy and minerals. The ocean contains huge economic value, such as common fishery and aquaculture, and deep processing of these products. In addition, the maritime transportation business (including container ships, oil tanks and ports) on the ocean also plays an important role in the global industrial chain. In the past 10 years, the coastal tourism industry has also shown inhumin -type growth. The academic and international organizations have also set economic terms for the development and protection of the ocean- "Blue Economy". Although scholars have not yet formed a consensus on the accurate definition of the term, everyone agrees Management, tap its value on the basis of gradually improving the marine ecosystem.

On June 8th, the US Broadcasting Corporation News Network stated that the key point of the blue economy development was sustainable fisheries, marine health, and stopping pollution. To achieve this goal, it requires global cooperation between cross -border and cross -departments. In addition, scientific researchers must further study emerging industries in the maritime field, such as blue carbon sealing, marine energy, and marine biotechnology to maximize marine value.

Reasonable development of marine resources

With the rapid growth of the global population, the use of marine utilization and the sharp degradation of marine ecosystems, the most affected are low -income countries, coastal countries and island countries. To this end, the international community should reach consensus on how to develop and use ocean and marine resources more reasonably. Luohe recommends that it needs to be more sustainable and fishing for marine products. At present, only 17%of fish, crustaceans and software animals in the ocean are edible. But with the increase of the world's population, more protein is needed to meet the needs of human survival. According to relevant reports, the production capacity of the marine breeding industry by 2050 will increase by more than 40%. Through artificially raising oysters, clams and shellfish products, it can not only meet human dietary needs, but also reduce limited fish in the ocean. Fishing reduces the damage to the marine ecosystem. Government departments should also formulate the upper limit of marine fishery fishing to crack down on illegal marine fishing, cancel subsidies for marine fishery fishing, and gradually restore and rebuild marine resources. At the same time, marine energy must be used reasonably. Hurricanes and floods caused by climate change have seriously affected human production and life. Many of the previous emission reduction measures and solutions are focused on land. For example, using clean energy and improving resource utilization, etc. in the future, the ocean should be included in the scope of consideration. , Thermal and solar, the coastal mangroves, seaweed beds and salt marsh under the sea can also store a large amount of carbon dioxide to effectively alleviate global warming. In addition, marine shipping needs to be further carbon. At present, more than 80%of goods around the world have been transported by the ocean, but most of these cargo ships that are navigating on the ocean are still heavy fuel oil, and a large amount of ash, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide are released. 18%of air pollutants and 3%of global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it has achieved the decarburization of shipping ships and adopted new fuel equipment and technology to become a key link for sustainable development of marine economy. International maritime organizations are also strengthening supervision of the maritime transport industry and establishing preventive measures, such as reducing the impact of ships on marine life, reducing ship engine noise, and prohibiting the use of heavy fuel oil in the Arctic region.

Micheline Khan, a researcher at the World Economic Forum Marine Project Department, believes that the blue economy has great potential in promoting the global economic recovery. Kahn said that the popularity of the new crown pneumonia has slowed the pace of global economic development and hindered the effective flow of the industrial chain. , Will become an important force to promote the global economic recovery. Coastal countries can also strengthen the construction of infrastructure on the coast and provide more convenience for tourism, water and land transportation. Developed countries, coastal countries, and island countries can also invest in more types of marine breeding to achieve local economic diversification. Sharing ocean development results

To achieve the long -term stable development of the blue economy, it is inseparable from the support of funds and technology. But for many countries, there are currently difficulties in these two aspects. As Kahn said, because many coastal countries and island countries are developing countries, they generally have a higher level of foreign debt and no more funds are used for national economic transformation and upgrading. In addition, these countries lack the technical capabilities of developing marine resources, and it is difficult to build a more sustainable blue economy. The technological research and development of the marine field requires multi -disciplinary, multi -field, and cross -departments to cooperate with the characteristics of long time, and it also has the characteristics of long time and high degree of professionalism in R & D equipment. Not all coastal countries can meet these requirements.

Kahn believes that although many countries are moving towards the deep sea and setting the green development agenda for this, the goal is still challenging. From the national level, not only should we invest in modernized infrastructure, increase investment in technology, R & D, and cultivate professional talents, but also share research results and professional knowledge at the international level. Only by establishing a number of global organizations and carrying out international dialogue can we build, develop, and protect the ocean that human beings live together.

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Zhao Qi

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