After the county reform district is strict, what should I do if the scarce edge of the population is?

"China Economic Weekly" reporter Wang Hongru | Beijing report

If you can make money in the county seat, will you still leave your hometown? If the county can bring you a more comfortable and comfortable life, will you still go to the big city "996"?

This document recently introduced may make your answer clearer. In May of this year, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Urbanization Construction of County Town as an important carrier" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), and made a systematic deployment of the development of the county seat.

Earlier in March, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Key Tasks for New Urbanization and the Integration of Urban and Rural Idea" in 2022, and proposed "optimizing the setting of administrative divisions and carefully grasping the withdrawal of the county (city) to change the zone." This not only means that the scale of large cities such as provincial capitals is strictly controlled, but also means that 1866 counties and counties in the country are about to usher in an extremely important opportunity for the times. Human life.

Luoyang City Yanshi District

Remove the county (city) to change the zone strictly tightening

A well sprayed from the county (city) remodeling began in 2014. According to public information, from 2014 to 2021, a total of 112 counties (cities) nationwide were adjusted to the municipal district, of which 20, 26, and 30 were respectively from 2014 to 2016. In the past 20 years, there were no more than 10 counties (cities) that successfully set up districts each year.

However, by 2021, the remodeling of the county (city) began to tighten. According to statistics, in 2021, the country in Luoyang, Zhangzhou, Fujian and Sanming, and Shaanxi in the country applied for approval by the withdrawal of counties (cities) in Baoji, Shaanxi, and the number was the least in the past 8 years.

Luoyang, Henan is one of the few successful cities that have been revoked by the county (city) in 2021.

On March 18, 2021, Luoyang City announced that it will formally classify the two large counties of Yanshi City and Mengjin County as the city jurisdiction. After becoming the city's jurisdiction, the urban area of ​​Luoyang expanded from the original 803 square kilometers to 2,229 square kilometers, and Zhengzhou, a provincial capital of more than 1,285 square kilometers.

Coincidentally, the first 10 days before Luoyang announced the news of withdrawal of the county (city) change, that is, March 8, 2021, Hu Zucai, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the press conference of the National New Office that oversized cities need to plan Standardize and adhere to the border of urban development, and retrieve the county to set up districts.

This is the first time that the official has made a statement on the withdrawal of the county. One year later, the withdrawal of the county (city) was formally appeared in the document.

In March of this year, the "Key Mission of the New Urbanization and Urban and Rural Integration Development Development of 2022" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission proposed that it is necessary to optimize the setting of administrative divisions, carefully and strictly grasp the withdrawal of the county (city) to change the area; It is indeed necessary to adjust the procedures and fully demonstrate; carefully optimize the scale structure of the city and city jurisdiction.

From "cautious withdrawal of counties and districts" to "cautiously withdrawn the county (city) change zone", the wording of wording means that in 2022 and after that, the reconstruction of the county (city) will usher in a low tide.

How to think of the withdrawal of the county (city) to change the zone "stepping on the brakes"? Yang Hongshan, deputy dean of the School of Public Management of Renmin University of China, was interviewed by a reporter from the China Economic Weekly that after more than 40 years of reform and opening up, the economy of large cities in my country has achieved rapid development, and the "withdrawal of counties (cities) to change zone" is the scale of large cities. One of the most direct ways of expansion is that it can coordinate the allocation of resources within a larger scale, which is conducive to accelerating the development of central cities, but its role in promoting balanced development in various places is limited.

"Compared with large cities, the economic development of my country's county is very unbalanced. In the central and western regions, there is still a large gap in the county economy in some large population counties. From an economic perspective, attaching importance to the development of the county's economy will be An important way to balance development. "Yang Hongshan said.

Consider the positioning of small counties on the edge of the central and western regions from the perspective of administrative management

According to Gao Guoli, director of the reform and development center of small cities and small towns, as of the end of 2021, there were 1,866 counties and county -level cities in my country, accounting for about 65%of the number of county -level administrative districts in the country, about the number of cities and cities or above. Two times.

In recent years, the revision of the county (city), which has emerged in recent years, is aimed at the counties (cities) of developed provinces or cities. There is no doubt that as the policy is introduced, the number of re -appointed districts approved by the county will decrease. The related issues are that in the county's county, those small counties with scarce population and backward socio -economic conditions in the central and western regions will still be concerned about whether to continue to exist and exist in the future.

According to the statistics of "China County Statistics Yearbook 2019", there are currently 82 small counties with less than 50,000 population in my country; 108 between 50,000 to 100,000; the population scale is 100,000 to 500,000 There are 841 between them. In general, there were 1031 counties with a population of less than 500,000, accounting for about 61%.

Almost 82 counties with a population of less than 50,000 are located in the central and western provinces such as Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia. Whether it is natural conditions or socio -economic conditions, these edge small counties are far behind developed areas in the east.

For small counties with scarce population, there are consolidated mergers. During the two sessions of 2021, Li Dongyu, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial CPPCC, submitted the proposal of "Optimizing the County -level Administrative Division and Promoting the Development of Economic Integration". The pilot of the small county in the mainland of 100,000 people (can be merged in the county, or the township -level management can be kept stable and split in small counties). There are also claims to be revoked. Yuan Gangming, a researcher at the Chinese Institute of Economic Thought and Practice of Tsinghua University, told the reporter of "China Economic Weekly": "For small counties with rare personnel, the management is not efficient, and it must maintain the operation of its institutions and staff and bring a lot of burden. The withdrawal of the county can reduce unnecessary administrative units and reduce administrative expenses. "

As an administrative expert, Yang Hongshan put forward his own views: "People have the right to get public services nearby, but the supply of public services is costly. The biggest difference between cities to provide public services and rural areas is that urban public services have the characteristics of clustered growth characteristics. Therefore, it is really difficult to exist as a county -level unit for county seats. "

It seems inevitable for those small counties with sparse population and closed division. In Yang Hongshan's view, "withdrawal and transition" also needs to distinguish the following situations.

First of all, for the counties that are far from the edge of the central city, although there is no need for national strategic clothing in the surrounding area, due to the large area of ​​the jurisdiction, such counties still need to exist. Services will be more difficult, but the establishment of institutions in such counties should be properly merged to reduce the number. "Yang Hongshan said.

Secondly, for some small counties with the advantages of natural resources, you can consider adopting administrative divisions such as forest areas and special zones, so that ordinary county -level institutions can avoid the disadvantages of "sparrows". "For example, there is a Shennongjia Forest District in Hubei Province. As a local administrative area, the institutional setting is more streamlined than the county government."

"'Withdrawal and transition' is not only a regional economic issue, but also needs to be considered from the perspective of administrative management and public services. Because no matter how small the regional population is, as long as there are people in this place, it is necessary The indispensable basic public service. This is determined by the national basic responsibilities positioning. In the process of 'withdrawal and turnover', what needs to be done is not to be withdrawn, but the institutional setting is streamlined, but the service facilities that should be should still be set up, but the service facilities that should have should be. Need to. "Yang Hongshan said.

The development of the county is welcoming the watershed

After strictly controlled the county (city) to change the zone, the two problems faced were: How does the city "grow"? How does the county develop?

In 2022, the government work report stated that "steadily promotes the construction of urban agglomerations and urban areas, and promotes the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns." This pointed out the direction for the development of the provincial city.

Yin Zhi, executive deputy dean of the China New Urbanization Research Institute of Tsinghua University, said, "The meaning of coordinated development is that it is not a 'tossing' administrative division, but to explore how to build regional coordinated development relations with more market -oriented means."

In recent years, the development of my country's urban circle has continued to accelerate. In 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Guiding Opinions on Cultivating and Developing Modern Metropolitan Circles." In 2021, the Nanjing Metropolitan Circle became the first approved urban circle. Since then, Fuzhou, Chengdu, and Changzhutan Metropolis Circle have been approved. In March 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission announced a reply to the development plan that agreed with the Xi'an Metropolitan District.

Some opinions believe that the large -scale "withdrawal of counties (cities) and remodeling" is no longer implemented, but to further promote the development of the urban circle. Small towns and characteristic towns have ushered in a new situation in the development of the county economy.

Not only is the urban circle layout, the urbanization construction with county seats as an important carrier is also accelerating. The "Opinions" issued recently, from functional positioning, classified the county seats, mainly divided into counties around the counties (accelerated development), professional functional counties (active cultivation), county -producing districts of agricultural products (reasonable development), key ecology, key ecology The county seat (orderly development) and the county's county seat (guide transformation and development) to guide the development direction of the county.

Among them, about how to guide the transformation and development of the county ’s loss of the county, the Opinions proposed that combined with the development and change of urban and towns, to promote the strict control of the county’ s counties to strictly control the increase in urban construction land, revitalize the stock, promote the moderate concentration of population and public service resources, strengthen people ’s livelihood guarantee and people’ s livelihood guarantee and people ’s livelihood guarantee and people’ s livelihood guarantee and people ’s livelihood guarantee and people’ s livelihood guarantee and people ’s livelihood guarantee and people’ s livelihood guarantee and people ’s livelihood guarantee and people’ s livelihood guarantee and people ’s livelihood guarantee and livelihood guarantee. Rescue assistance, orderly guiding the population to transfer to the adjacent economic development advantage areas, and support the cultivation of the county -depleted county towns with conditions.

"To guide the transformation and development of the county seat, for small counties with scarce population, still facing the problem of 'withdrawal and turning'. It will be more cautious in administrative approval. "Yang Hongshan told the reporter of" China Economic Weekly ".

The reporter noticed that the "Opinions" put forward two stages of development goals: the first stage: by 2025, important progress has been made in urbanization with the county as an important carrier. With good location advantages and industrial foundation, strong resource and environmental carrying capacity, and the county building with good resource and environmental carrying capacity, and the economic conditions of the agglomeration and economic conditions have achieved significant results, the allocation of public resource allocation is basically matched with the size of the permanent population. The service has been comprehensively improved, the living environment has been effectively improved, the comprehensive carrying capacity has been significantly increased, the scale of employment in the county town has continued to expand, and the quality of life in the county residents has improved significantly. The second stage: After another period of effort, it has basically built a modern county town with its own characteristics, vibrant, livable, and livable, and livable. The development of urban and rural integration is further demonstrated.

268 words were sprinkled, which outlined us a beautiful modern county scene of a livable and livable and available.

"Opinions" has very important practical significance for the expansion of domestic demand and consolidating the development of the real economy of the county, or driving the revitalization of 'agriculture, rural areas, and rural areas. "Yang Hongshan said.

Responsible editor | Yang Lin

- END -