Interview with L Lu Zhipeng: Cracking data factorization problems to accelerate the implementation of the data basic system

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Today, I will share with you some insights on data elements of China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd., a member of the party group and deputy general manager of China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd.

The following content is an exclusive interview with Lu Zhipeng, a member of the Party Group and Deputy General Manager of China Electronic Information Industry Group Co., Ltd., a data governance academic journal "Network Security and Data Governance".

Reporter: On June 22, the 26th meeting of the Central Committee of the Central Committee comprehensively deepened the Reform Commission adopted the "Opinions on Building the Basic Data Factory of Data Basic System" to build and consolidate the basic system of data. The role and significance?

Lu Zhipeng: China Electronics has begun joint research with Tsinghua University since 2020. We deeply realized in the process of organizing expert exchange discussions that the lack of basic systems for the reason why the data factor market cannot develop is an important bottleneck. Specifically, to achieve data factorization, data property rights cannot be bypassed, so the first thing that must be solved in the basic system of data elements is the property right system. The second is the circulation trading system. The original point -to -point circulation model costs high and difficult to regulate. The insufficient in -site transaction vitality of the original data has caused the parties to generally feel helpless. The third is the income distribution system. As a production factors, how to participate in the distribution of all aspects of labor, production, and sales is still lacking effective institutional arrangements and implementation paths. The last is the security governance system. We know that the status of data security is becoming more and more severe, and security issues must be paid attention to.

This time, the "Opinions" requires "coordinating the promotion of data property rights, circulation transactions, distribution of income, and security governance, and accelerating the establishment of a data basic system." my country's data elementalization has moved to a new important stage, and the market -oriented configuration of data element is officially launched. In addition, the promulgation of the "Opinions" will lay the foundation of the system for the establishment of a unified data factor market in the country. At the same time, it will also build a top -level framework for the next exploration of more specific institutional arrangements, which is of great significance.

Reporter: The acceleration of data is not only an important deployment requirement for the Party Central Committee, but also the eager hope of all sectors of society. What do you think is the main bottleneck that currently hinders data factorization?

Lu Zhipeng: In the process of comprehensively implementing the requirements of the four data basic systems and promoting the reform of the market -oriented reform of the data factor, we found that the current data development has a clear characteristics of "from opening to opening to open set", that is,: On one side is data resources, from the perspective of categories, it is a collection, and at the same time, it is changing, decentralized, and massive; the application scenario on the other side is also an open collection, which is also changing, diverse, and massive. Under the traditional data circulation mode, data is the application from the data resources from the opening collection to the opening of the episode, resulting in the complexity of the connection path between the two.

In the next stage, the data needs to be shifted from the development and utilization model of the resource type to the large -scale circulation model of the factor type. If it still follows the traditional path, it will inevitably face practical problems such as data confirmation, measurement, pricing, and income distribution. These difficulties are summarized, mainly with two aspects: one is safety issues, and the other is the issue of circulation. The problems of circulation and safety do not exist in isolation, but are mixed with intercourse, that is, circulation and security are a "zero -harmony dilemma": emphasizing security, the circulation of original data cannot be realized; emphasizing circulation, the security of the original data cannot guarantee the security of the original data, the security of the original data cannot guarantee the security of the original data. Essence

Specifically, in terms of implementing the data property rights system, the main body of the current data is diversified, causing confirmation of power; the relationship between the ownership of the data is complex and difficult to analyze; In terms of implementing the data circulation trading system, due to the lack of standardized transaction targets, lack of stable and secure trading mechanisms, and lack of efficient and credible trading platforms, it is difficult to establish a large -scale and inclusive circulation trading system. In terms of implementation of the income distribution system, it is subject to real problems such as data value evaluation, data pricing, and difficulty in the formation of income distribution mechanisms in the process of industrial practice. In terms of implementing the security governance system, many judicial cases have shown that my country is facing serious data leakage, difficulty in data algorithm supervision, and still inadequate security management systems.

Reporter: How to accelerate the implementation of the four basic systems of data is the current important task. What theoretical achievements and solution innovation did China Electronics implement the four data basic systems?

Lu Zhipeng: The value of science is to find something, the value of technology lies in innovation, and the value of the project lies in application. There are many technical innovation and theoretical research on the current data security and data elements, but how to implement these four systems in engineering practice, which truly enables the data to be integrated, shared, and circulating. This is an engineering practice that requires us to solve. question.

Therefore, since the beginning of 2020, China Electronics Union Tsinghua University has organized seven colleges from Tsinghua University and China Electronics's Chinese system, CSI Data, and Qi Anxin, which formed a joint research on the team of hundreds of experts. In the research process, our positioning is to have both theoretical research and innovation, and to pay attention to multiple practice. Therefore, we chose to use engineering paths to achieve data security circulation and better play the role of data elements. So far, nearly 200,000 words of research have been formed, and a practical engineering plan has been proposed to obtain substantial breakthroughs in cross -disciplinary research and plan innovation in the theoretical, system, market, technology and other fields of data factor. The basic system of the project lays a solid foundation. We first put forward the engineering plan with "data components" as the core. After summarizing the market -oriented configuration rules of the four traditional production factors, it is found that there is a state similar to molecules between the original data and data applications. This state is defined as "data components". Data components are data sets formed by several related fields, or data features formed by data association fields according to market needs and application scenarios. A primary product of a data with a high degree of standardization. After defining data components, it can effectively realize the decoupling between raw data and data applications. We found that the problems of data confirmation, circulation transactions, income distribution, and security governance were solved.

In terms of data confirmation, we propose the "two separation and three stages" confirmation methods. "Two separation" is to separate information and data first, information has personality rights, and data has property rights; property rights are divided into ownership and benefit rights. The data subject has the right to data, and the data holding subject has the right to use data. The "three stages" are in the stage of data resourceization, component stage, and product stage. By splitting the data rights and flowing between different subjects, multiple data subjects and data holding subjects are converged to two types of subjects. That is, the developer of the data component model and the data component operating unit, and then further converge to a single subject, that is, data product developers. This engineering path makes the property rights of the data market very clear, and has a preliminary solution to the problem of data confirmation.

In terms of circulation transactions, we have built data -based element circulation systems. In the data resource stage, "data is available and unsatisfactory, the data is not moving"; at the data component stage, the data component is produced through the data processing center, further constructing the data element Internet, realizing data transactions on the Internet, and then generating data products, and then generating data products. This realizes the large -scale circulation of data. This process is also consistent with the basic laws of "intermediate state" in the circulation of traditional four elements and the development of information technology.

In terms of income distribution, we have formed a "three -stage" differential pricing market allocation mechanism. First of all, in the data resource stage, it is based on the scale of data and the cost method as the main pricing mechanism; then, at the data component stage, because the data component can be regarded as a model and the data, the data component value is based on The pricing mechanism is the main pricing mechanism; the third stage is a pricing mechanism based on product demand and market law. In summary, in accordance with the cost method, income method, and market law, the differentiated mechanism of the data elements involved in distribution at different stages was realized.

In terms of security governance, we have built a "one library, two network" security governance structure with "data components" as the core requirements. First of all, we define and develop a product called "database", which is different from traditional data centers and cloud computing. Instead, it is a high -insurance infrastructure that is led by the government and is isolated by data from external networks. Stall core data, important data and personal privacy data in the database, and realize data sharing and data exchange between database vaults through the inner network of database vaults. Machined the core data, important data and personal privacy data in the database into data elements, and transmitted to the outer network space by data unidirectional network gates and data ferry, that is, the data element Internet. The data of the data is circulating on the data factor Internet in the form of data components, which effectively guarantees data security.

This data element -based data factorization project with data components has fully implemented the four data basic systems and has been positive for the general response from society. Multiple local party committees and governments have given high recognition of engineering plans. This scheme is a "pilot plan for the comprehensive reform of urban -level data factor marketization" through the review of the expert group. It is considered to be "priority to the pilot of the comprehensive reform of urban -level data factor marketization."

Reporter: What practice did China Electronics carry out data factorization? What experience and revelation?

Lu Zhipeng: China Electronics has launched pilots in cities such as Wuhan, Deyang, Dali, Jiangmen last year. Among them, Deyang's reform plan was selected by the China Economic System Reform Research Association and included in the Chinese Reform Annual Conference 2021 Top Ten Top Ten Ten Ten Cases of Reform. At present, we are conducting a comprehensive renewal in cities such as Xuzhou, and we look forward to the advancement of data factorization and the implementation of the corresponding system through these pilots.

Judging from the pilot situation of Deyang, we concluded that the institutional system is the foundation. With institutional guarantee, data companies can assume assured data to participate in circulation; technological innovation is the core. After defining data components, the data circulation problem has been resolved.; Market distribution is the key. We have a reasonable classification and reasonable definition of the factors, product markets, and resource markets; engineering paths are highlights. We emphasize not only innovation, more implementation, but more practice is practice.EssenceWe believe that through cooperation with local governments and various industries, we will further accelerate the comprehensive reform process of market -oriented data elements in practice data.As long as we pass through the pilot practice, we can become a good path that can be copied everywhere.

Edit: Wang Jing

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