Alzheimer's patients have reached 10 million, and the dilemma of the elderly care of the demented elderly is to be solved

21.09.2022

Number of this text: 3159, the reading time is about 5.5 minutes.

Introduction: From the international situation, in 2015, the global Alzheimer's report is estimated to be as high as 818 billion US dollars in global dementia.

Author | First Finance Guo Jinhui

The continuous acceleration of aging process has made the problem of care for the elderly increasingly prominent, especially the increase in the number of cognitive symptoms represented by Alzheimer's disease, which is forming a new challenge to my country's existing medical resources.

September 21, 2022 is the 29th World Alzheimer's Day. The theme of this year is "Knowing and Preventing Early Wisdom -Working to the Future". Related studies have shown that the prevalence and mortality of Alzheimer's disease and other dementia are slightly higher than the global average.

Wang Haidong, director of the National Health Commission, said on the 20th of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of my country. There are about 15 million dementia patients, of which 10 million are Alzheimer's patients. This disease has a great impact on the health and quality of life of our elderly in my country.

The "Blue Book of China Pension Services" released by Tsinghua University's silver economy and health wealth development index research group and other institutions last year said that with the "63 baby tide" generation (about 370 million people) entered the aging one after another, my country lost from 2020 to 2030 to 2030. The number of patients with wisdom is significantly increased, especially the proportion of the number of dementia in the elderly will increase significantly. The demand for the care of the elderly population will increase rapidly. However, the current status of medical resources in my country is difficult to meet the actual needs.

Alzheimer's disease under aging

Wang Haidong said that the aging of my country's aging has a large number of, fast speed, large differences, and tasks. According to estimates, it is expected that during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, the total population of the elderly at the age of 60 and above will exceed 300 million, accounting for more than 20%, entering the mode of moderate aging. Around 2035, the elderly population 60 and above will exceed 400 million, and the proportion of the total population will exceed 30%, entering the stage of severe aging.

Wang Haidong said that by 2050, the scale and proportion of the elderly population in my country, the elderly support ratio and the social support ratio will reach the peak. With the continuous increase of the elderly population and deepening the aging of the population, it has brought challenges to the supply of public service and the sustainable development of the social security system, and the task is heavy.

With the deepening of aging, the number of elderly population with cognitive impairment is also growing rapidly. The increase in the care of the number of cognitive diseases (dementia) represented by Alzheimer's disease is a problem that the aging of our country must face.

Alzheimer Disease (AD) is the most common type of cognitive disease, accounting for 60-70%of all cases of cognitive diseases. It is a nervous system degenerative disease, which is increasing in the elderly.

At present, there are more research on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in the domestic academic community. In various studies, the incidence rate has a common trend, that is, the incidence of people over 80 years of age is significantly higher than the age of 80.

Picture source: "China Pension Service Blue Book"

"China Pension Services Blue Book" states that from the international situation, in 2015, the global Alzheimer's report is estimated to be as high as 818 billion US dollars in global dementia. Among them, the direct medical expenses used to treat dementia accounted for only about 20%, and social costs and informal care costs reached about 40%. Care for dementia spent an average of 14 hours a week for patients' daily life activities, and 43 hours for other care activities.

The "China Alzheimer's Disease Report 2021" released by Shanghai Ruijin Hospital and other institutions pointed out the relevant situation of the epidemiological and disease burden of China's AD. This report states that the prevalence and mortality rate of AD and other dementia are slightly higher than the global average, and the relevant data among women is higher than men. my country ’s death due to AD is 10th in 1990. Rising to 5th in 2019, the mortality and disease burden of AD and other dementia are also slightly higher than the global average.

Wang Haidong said that because Alzheimer's disease has greatly affected the health and quality of life in our country, the country also attaches great importance to it. The country attaches great importance to the construction of the dementia prevention and control system, and the health promotion action of health China will set the "decrease in the increase in the prevalence of dementia between the elderly in the age of 65 and over the age of 65 and above".

The rigid needs of Alzheimer's disease care

The etiology of Alzheimer's disease has not been clear, the pathogenesis mechanism is very complicated, and there is currently no healing method. It is listed as one of the killers that threatens the health of the elderly. Once Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed, it will have a huge impact on patients and families. Needless to say, patients who are responsible for taking care of these patients are also under pressure that ordinary people cannot imagine.

The movie "Mom!" 》 The old life of a pair of retired universities is the entry point of the story of the mother and daughter of the retired university, focusing on the rare "Alzheimer's Disease" group of the rare domestic screen, and facing the current status of the elderly in the contemporary society and the true of the family facing the family of Alzheimer's disease Dilemma.

With the continuous decline of fertility and the continuous extension of human life, the situation of the elderly in the future will become more common. Different from ordinary people who take care of ordinary people, patients with Alzheimer's disease require more professional knowledge and care ability. Just like the daughter in the movie, the elderly who suffer from Alzheimer's disease will experience decline in cognitive function, decline in behavior, and repeated mental state. Symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, and even unable to walk, dangerous life. In our country, 90%of Alzheimer's patients are cared for by relatives at home. The predicament of "one person is disabled and the family's imbalance" is appearing in countless families.

Chu Tao, the head of the elderly in the elderly industry, told First Finance of the elders of A Mu that most of the patients with Alzheimer's disease were taken care of by the family, and the family members were very hard. Facing this just need, "memory care" is the focus of the chain brand. Generally, one or two points will be made to try water. The quality CCRC (continuous care of the retirement community) will also have a memory care area.

Gong Zengliang, the person in charge of the health care department of Taikang House Medical Care Center, told reporters that taking care of Alzheimer's patients' skills in the caregiver is very high, and even take care of 24 hours. This is definitely not easy for ordinary family members. As an important force to build a healthy aging society, the elderly institutions can help the elderly and their families get more dignified and happy life through their own professional deeds.

Gong Zengliang believes that the care of people of cognitive diseases should be different at each stage. For early stages, the focus of care is to retain ability and solve emotional problems; for the mid -term, it is mainly to solve the problem of mental behavior symptoms; for the late stage, how to enter their world and allow their soul to interact with the outside world.

Local pilot construction cognitive obstacle friendly community

Chu Tao believes that most of China's pension institutions will not even dare to take care of Alzheimer's sick elderly people. On the one hand, they take care of the risk, and on the one hand, the income cost is asymmetric. Many elderly care institutions lack professional training, and nursing staff do not know how to take care of the elderly cognitive diseases scientifically. The elderly cognitive elderly people must live well in the institution. Hardware costs will be very high. The society lacks cognition of cognitive disease, and many families do not accept high costs for the elderly for the elderly in cognitive diseases.

Data from the Chinese mental health survey show that the risk factors of patients with cognitive diseases are the age of age, and the protection factors are highly educated and economic income. More than 60%of elderly patients with cognitive disease have the need to take care of; the basic daily care of the most basic daily life of elderly cognitive diseases is to assist in eating, followed by assisting dressing to help go to the toilet.

Liu Yuehua, director of scientific research and associate researcher of Tsinghua University think tanks, told First Finance that taking care of Alzheimer's disease is a very human -consuming work, and the difficulty of taking care is greater than the elderly in the disabled. Similarly, sometimes some emotional and mental medicines are needed. These drugs require hospitals with secondary or more to prescribe. Generally, community hospitals and pension institutions do not have such drugs. This is also inconvenient for the elderly people to take care of the elderly.

Liu Yuehua said that the early treatment of Alzheimer's disease is the direction of hard work. Some interventions can be performed for medium mildness, but there are no drugs that have good effects at home and abroad at home and abroad. There was no national screening, but some screening for high -risk groups of key groups was performed.

my country is also conducting screening in this area. Wang Haidong said that when the National Health Commission deployed the basic public health service work in 2022, it was clear that the local government should carry out the initial screening service of the elderly cognitive function in combination with the actual situation. Essence

In addition to the national efforts at the national level, some places focus on the rigid demand of elderly cognitive obstacles, and explore the level of care services to improve the cognitive obstacles of the elderly. Taking Shanghai as an example, Shanghai is the earliest batch of cities in my country to enter the population aging, and it is also the most aging city in my country. Therefore, it is also actively exploring the care and support strategies of cognitive disabilities.

Since September 2019, Shanghai has launched a pilot of the construction of three batches of elderly cognitive obstacles and friendly communities. 121 street towns in the city cooperate with professional institutions to carry out publicity and education, risk assessment, early intervention, early intervention, early intervention, early intervention, early intervention, early intervention in the community. Family support, resource links, and platform construction. On September 19, the Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau officially launched the fourth batch of pilots of the construction of friendly communities in elderly cognitive obstacles.

Shanghai Municipal -level finance provides financial support for the piloting friendly community of the elderly. Among them, the first year of 300,000 yuan and 150,000 yuan in the second year; the pilot cycle within 3 years, the district (street and towns) is not less than 1: 1: 1: 1 Pilot funding for the ratio. This year, the Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau has allocated a total of 20.7 million yuan in pilot funding.

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