Wanfang Hao: Chinese plan for biological invasion prevention and control

Biological safety has always been a core component of national security. Through effectively preventing and responding to dangerous biological factors and related factors, the state improves biological safety legislation, can ensure the stable and healthy development of biotechnology, protect the health of the people, and maintain national security. As a health risk and ecological risk, foreign biological invasion is a great challenge to my country's biological safety.

Foreign organisms invading refers to the ecological process of foreign species introduced into my country and established a population of species and reproduction, leading to serious economic losses, ecological disasters, threatening human health, and restricting international trade development. At present, global biological invasion is growing rapidly, which is far from being saturated, and it is urgent to prevent and control foreign biological invasion. Preventing foreign species invasion and protection of biological diversity is one of the core themes of the Biological Safety Law, and has a basic, comprehensive, systematic, and leading role. Preventing foreign biological invasion is the need to maintain national security, and it is also the need to build a national biological safety system. It is conducive to improving the construction of national biological safety capabilities, enhancing biological safety technology research and development and basic equipment construction, improving its independent innovation capabilities, and also conducive to maintaining world peace and fulfilling international commitments.

Therefore, we must establish a risk prevention and control system for biological safety, implement the "sub -department management system under coordination mechanism", clarify the biological safety responsibilities of all parties, and effectively respond to foreign biological invasion.

Biological invasion is an orderly ecological process. After individual transmission, population fixed colonization, latent stagnation, community diffusion, and system outbreak, there are many links. Therefore, the action plans taken for each link are also different. At present, my country has formed a Chinese solution that can effectively respond to biological invasion, namely 4E operations. Early prevention and early warning (E1, Early Warming Prevention) and detection monitoring (E2, Early Monitoring Rapid Detection), to the interception of the mid -term (E3, Early Early ERADICATION BLOCKING), and then the joint control (E4, Entire Mitigation), Involved in multiple links.

E1 operations refer to the four links: preventing early warning, including data intelligent forecasting, quantitative risk early warning, fixed colonial area judgment, and early expansion prediction. my country has established more than 1,000 databases, which records the species of data information, video information, and picture information. It combines information such as international trade data such as agricultural products for intelligent prediction and judge the distribution probability of foreign invasion. The analysis of the appropriate distribution of 200 foreign invasive species has been completed. Typical application cases include the Guangdong Red Fire Ant Prevention and Control Command Center, which can monitor the prevention and control area of ​​the red fire ant in Guangdong Province.

E2 action refers to the four links: molecular recognition detection, image screening diagnosis, remote intelligent monitoring and regional tracking detection. We have completed the development of molecular detection and intelligent identification technology for more than 700 (including the local species). For difficulty in identifying foreign invasion species, such as thistle and real flies insects, the molecular recognition can be performed in the main foreign invasion of the DNA barcode recognition system of the main foreign invasion of the DNA to be measured in China to achieve the purpose of the identification. Through wild image acquisition and back -end data processing and analysis, the general public can intelligently identify images of invasive species in mobile client applications. Through the technologies and methods such as sexual seductive, food temptation, light seduction, infrared counting, high -definition image screening, signal transmission, etc., combine into intelligent monitoring equipment. Through background data analysis and processing, you can conduct remote monitoring of more than 30 invasive insects. ; Using HD/high spectrometer image, through drones, you can monitor multi -target invasion of plants in complex environments. At present, more than 120 intelligent monitoring platforms for invasive plants have been completed. Finally, regional tracking and testing. Taking long mango as an example, as the world's super weeds, the long mango has seriously threatened the agricultural production and human and animal health in my country. Logistics tracking can effectively monitor potential occurrence areas.

E3 operation is to extinguish the interception, including the early eradication of extinction, corridor node interception, ecological barriers, and the source control area control area control. We have completed the extinguishing and interception of more than 50 kinds of invasive creatures. Taking vicious assault, pest tomato latent leaf moths are examples. At present, it is mainly distributed in Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Gansu and other regions. It has a variety of characteristics such as large genital power, fast diffusion speed, and strong drug resistance. We mainly adopt a combination of dot -sides to carry out emergency disposal for efficient physical cleansing and chemical prevention and control measures for the emergence point of the spread of tomato latent moths. For large -scale distribution areas, comprehensive governance combined with various measures such as physical control, biological control and chemical prevention and control, to effectively suppress the rapid spread and continuous disaster reduction of the species.

E4 operations are joint control, including traditional biological control, ecological replacement repair, regional joint prevention joint control and cross -border collaborative governance. Regional disaster reduction control technology mainly include manual removal, physical control, chemical prevention, replacement control, and biological control. Typical physical prevention and control methods include the salvage vessels of water gourds, intelligent weeding robots, etc.; Chemical prevention includes jet prevention, drone flying, etc.; Replacement control refers to the use of valuable plants to replace ecological areas occupied by the invasive plants, such as using an image. Grass replace dolphin grass transformation of Jiangxi Wild Beach. On the basis of 4E operations, we also combine the subversive and control technology and artificial intelligence technology based on group studies to form an international laboratory group to solve the problem of invasive biological problems of cross -border communication, that is, "4E+" operations. Under the great attention of the party and the country, my country's biological invasion prevention and control projects integrate the traditional fields with the post -gene era technology, and build a stable and perfect biological invasion prevention and control engineering system.

(Author: Wan Fanghao, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a member of the key special expert group of the "Biological Safety" of the National Key R & D Plan, the GEF project of the GEF project of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the chief technical consultant of the "Bio invasion prevention and control and biological diversity protection", and the national foreign invasion Deputy Leader of Species Campaign Expert Group)

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