"In recent years" has become in recent decades?When encountering "current" and "in recent years", verify first!

Author | Zhang Suming

Source | Mu Duo Shu Sheng

The "current" "current" "current" "current" and "current years" used in the 1960s and 1970s.

Be careful! You have changed from some research reports in recent decades! The following cases will help you recognize the true colors of "current" and "in recent years".

Original text

Gala, New Zealand cultivated, published in 1960. At present, more than 40 Galaye systems have been selected in the world. The main cultivation in production is Royal Gara, Ligala, and early Red Gala. In recent years, Shandong has been selected in Shandong, Yanga No. 1 and Yanga No. 2; Shaanxi Gat No. 1 and so on.

analyze

Gala Apple is an apple variety published in 1960 in New Zealand. The word "current" in the original text refers to what time is it. Yanga No. 1 and Yanga No. 2 are the breeds cultivated in the 1990s [1], which has been more than 20 years ago; Shaan Ga 3 is in the test observation stage around 2000. [2] should be earlier. Shaanxi Ga 1 should be earlier. , The term "in recent years" should not be used.

Original text

(Huaguan Apple) The Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences was formed in the 1970s with the golden crown × Fuji hybridization. It was selected in 1988 and was released in 1990. Planting more in western Henan and the hometown of the Yellow River, the scale of trial -planting in the central and eastern parts of Shaanxi, central and southern Shanxi and other places is rapidly expanding. And get a high evaluation of fruit tree breeding experts at home and abroad. In recent years, the trial sales of the fruit market at home and abroad have been reflected in the domestic and foreign fruit markets, with high prices and great development potential.

analyze

According to the cultivator's article, Huaguan Apple was published in 1990 [3,4]. By the late 1990s, the cultivation area had exceeded 33,000 hectares (mainly in central and southern Shanxi, central Shaanxi and western Henan). The cultivation area of ​​the self -cultivation of Apple is second only to Qin Guan's variety [5]. "The scale of trial planting is rapidly expanding" should be 20 years ago. In 1996, Huaguan Apple was introduced abroad, and the trial plant was successfully reported in 2000; exporting sales in 1997, the trial sales reflected good [5]. "In recent years" refers to around 2000, not real in recent years.

Original text

(Pink Ms. Apple) has now become a replacement variety for Australia's promotion, and the United States, Chile, New Zealand and other countries have tried planting.

analyze

Pink Ms. Apple was made from Australia in 1973, and was officially published in 1985. It should not be "the current" promoted variety "updated varieties promoted by Australia." ]. my country introduced trial planting in 1995. The trial planting in the United States, Chile, New Zealand, etc. should also be a matter of two or three decades ago.

Original text

my country's long -term use of clearance is used to replace organic fertilizer with fertilizers. The organic matter content of the orchard soil is mostly 0.5%to 1.0%, which seriously restricts the improvement of apple production and quality. In recent years, although the quality of fruits has improved, the fruit is absent, the degree of sugar is low, and the coloring is slightly worse. In the end, the export rate is low and the international market share is low. One of the important reasons is that the organic matter content of the orchard soil has low organic matter and insufficient fertility. The fundamental way to solve this problem is to implement grass coverage system ... The Japanese Aomori Apple Testing Field has conducted raw grass cultivation tests since 1931, and since 1952, since 1952 Promoting in production, the raw raw rate of Apple Garden is now close to 100%.

analyze

The content of this paragraph is generally from a literature in 2007 [8]. Therefore, the state of "in recent years" and "present" in the original text should be the state of 2007 or before, and it cannot represent the actual situation of the current.

Original text

At present, the planting area of ​​Chinese ligain is only over 50,000 acres, and the annual output is about 120,000 tons.

analyze

In 2011, the planting area of ​​Chinese ligain has exceeded 500,000 acres, and it has increased year after year. In 2018, the planting area of ​​Chinese ligain was about 905,100 mu, and the output was about 584,800 tons [9]. According to information, the current area of ​​dilute ligament should be around 1 million acres. [10,11].

Original text

In the past 20 years, with the development of agricultural districts in various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and census and grasslands in Caoishan, and grassland, severe animal and plant poisoning has gained the attention and research of the deserves. Promoting one step. According to the information that has been announced, the statistics of the number of poisonous plants in some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in my country are shown in Table 4-1.

analyze

The recent information in Table 4-1 is 2006 in 2006, mostly in the 1990s, so the original text "more than 20 years" and "current" have not been measured at the current point of time. The original text comes from a reprinted book. These texts have already existed in the previous edition and the previous version. It can be seen that it is not really "more than 20 years" and "current".

Original text

(my country's winemaking grapes) Cold breeding work has begun in the 1950s and has made important progress. The *** varieties cultivated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences have been cultivated in large areas. In recent years, the *** varieties cultivated in *** have made high -quality dry red wines, and have won awards internationally ... Since the 1970s, some countries have also begun to cultivate open -ground wintering varieties in ***. Preliminary success. analyze

The time of the 1950s and the 1970s was not short, so the time of "has achieved important progress" and "preliminary results", and "in recent years" refers to the time. Saying a job starts at a certain time, "already" has achieved some results, generally the meaning of "work progress is relatively fast". Here appropriate.

In fact, my country's brewing grape resistance and breeding work has indeed made important progress in the past one or two decades. It has made high -quality wines and won the international award. The term "in recent years" can be used, but the progress of breeding work cannot be said to be "fast". The process is also very difficult [12]. This sentence was changed to "(my country's winemaking grapes) cold breeding work began in the 1950s. After 50 or 60 years of hard cultivation of breeding workers, important progress has been made. Field cultivation ... "only conforms to facts and narrative logic.

Original text

The research on wolf toxicity is still in the exploration stage. Zhou Shuqing and others of the Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences use the roots, stems, and leaves of wolf poisonous plants to germinate the seeds of the twenty plants such as the twenty plants such as the twenty plants such as the crickets, the sand bedow, the latrine, and the old menus. Measure, and use wolf poisonous roots of stems and leaves to mix the soil to conduct potted experiments. The results show that the germination and seedling growth of the plants in the trial are inhibited. The size of this inhibitory effect is different due to the type of plant type and wolf poison.

analyze

Zhou Shuqing and others published research papers in wolf poison in 1993 [13]. Zhou Shuqing's study of the effect of wolf toxicity was published in 2008 to 2010 [14,15]. After that, there were very few articles. It cannot be explained that the research on the effect of wolf toxicization is still in the exploration stage.

Original text

Research in recent years has found that after the parasitic of MELAMPSORA STELLERErae, not only has growth and reducing its strong growth rate, but also the second year's return and density are also affected ... Rust bacteria is a category of absolute parasitic bacteria Its specialization of the host plants is very strong. Although it cannot immediately die by the host plant, its cumulative effect and long -term benefits cannot be ignored. Therefore, the bacteria is a very potential wolf poisonous anti -material material. At present, the primary task of research is to further determine whether the fungus has the owner of the transfer (not observed). At the same time, it is necessary to study the biology and ecological characteristics of the fungus and the laws of the development of the rust in different ecological areas.

analyze

This paragraph comes from a literature in 2004 [16], so it is not a matter of "in recent years", nor can it represent the "current" situation.

Original text

From the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, especially in recent years, "Compost Tea", that is, high -quality compost is fermented in water for a period of time. In the bag, soaked in the water, similar to the domestic "tea", usually 7 ~ 14 d] is used to prevent or inhibit crop diseases. It has started research in the United States, Canada and other countries, and has been initially applied in organic agriculture. The effect is also very good.

analyze

"Especially" is to further emphasize a certain period of time in the "late 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century". 7 words should be deleted. In fact, the research and application of composting and composting tea (composting liquid) in the United States (composting liquid) to prevent diseases and insect pests reported in the 1980s and 1990s. Now that it is not just a "preliminary application" state, my country has also carried out many studies in this regard.

Original text

Purbuilding Infertility Prevention Law is a new technology developed in recent years. At present, it has radiation infertility, chemical infertility and genetic infertility laws.

analyze

Pests infertility prevention methods developed in the 1950s and 1960s. [22], in the 1980s and 1990s, it played a great role in the process of governance in the United States, Mexico and other countries. In the 1990s, many studies were also studied and applied [24], so it cannot be said that it is a new technology developed in "in recent years."

Original text

Following the early 1980s, the first commercial biological herbicide Devine officially entered the market. In recent years, two new biological herbicides products BIOCHON (using silver -leaf chunisteteum Purureum produced by wood weeds Rotten Promoting agent) and Camperico [Biohomone CAMPESTRISPV.poae (JT-P482) with bacterial kanthomone Campestrispv.poae (JT-P482) to prevent lawn webs] commercial production. analyze

"In the early 1980s" was about 40 years ago, and "in recent years" refers to unknown. The herbicide BIOCHON and Camperico have realized commercial production in 1997. [25] in the original text, "in recent years" should refer to the corresponding expressions such as "1990s" around 1997.

It can be seen from the above examples that some reports of the reports in the report need to be carefully identified when cited to avoid conveying the wrong information to the reader.

In some cases, they can be distinguished according to common sense, context or references. Some may take a lot of effort to find data to solve. Zhiwang and Wanfang databases are good verification resources. In short, first verify the time of time.

references

Swipe up and read

[1] Wang Qingmei, Shao Dayuan, Wang Jixiang, et al., Apple's new variety of Yanta No. 1 and Yanga No. 2 [J]. Chinese fruit tree, 2001 (04): 4-6.

[2] Wei Lixin, Yang Pengchao, Ren Juqin, et al. Reviews of Apple New Excellent varieties [J]. Northwest Horticulture, 2000 (06): 4. 4.

[3] Crossing Guo South, Yan Zhenli, Zhang Shunni, et al., Apple's new varieties ‘Shi Zhi Crown’ Selection [J]. Fruit Tree Journal, 2004 (05): 499-500+505.

[4] Wang Yulin, Zhang Shunni, crossing Guonan, et al., Apple's new variety ‘Huaguan’ ’‘ Hua Shuai ’Cultivation Research Report [J]. Fruit tree science, 1990 (01): 1-6+66.

[5] Zhang Shunni, crossing the country, Yan Zhenli. Hua Guan and Shimotong Hua Crown's cultivation status, economic benefits and development prospects [J]. Yantai fruit tree, 2002 (02): 3-4.

[6] Zhang Shunni, Yan Zhenli. Accelerate the adjustment of the structure of the apple variety to realize the regional cultivation of good varieties [J]. Shanxi fruit tree, 2003 (01): 33-34.

[7] Zhao Zhengyang, Wang Lei Cun, Wang Focheng, etc. The new variety of late apple -Ms. Pink [J]. Northwest Gardening, 2000 (02): 33.

[8] Li Aihai, Wang Jingyan, Cheng Cungang, et al., Apple Garden's grass covering the status and development trends [J]. Friends of fruit farmers, 2007 (09): 4-5.

[9] In 2018, the scale of yellow vegetable planting continued to expand, and the size of the dried muffing market reached 4.3 billion yuan [R/OL]. Industrial Information Network,

(2018-08-21) [2022-06-19] .https: //www.chyxx.com/industry/201908/774037.html.

[10] Cai Jianqin, Tu Xiaoning, Yin Liqiang. The high-quality development and suggestions of the yellow cauliflower industry in the Yellow River Basin [J]. China soil and water conservation, 2022 (01): 5-7.

[11] Qilu Evening News Qilu Yitian. One acre of dayliabaches big data report: Shaanxi users accounted for nearly 1/4 of the country [R/OL].

(2021-12-08) [2022-06-19] .https: //baijiahao.baidu.com/s? ID = 1718542867840967 & w fr = spider & for = pc.

[12] Wang Songdi. The birth of a brewing variety: Taste 25 years of dirty and rotten bad grapes [J]. Wine, 2021 (11): 76-79.

[13] Zhou Shuqing, Jue Jue, Huang Zugie. Wolf poisonous water impregnation on several main pastoral seeds germination [J]. Chinese grassland, 1993 (04): 77-79.

[14] Wang Hui, Zhou Shuqing, Huang Zujie, etc. The resistance of Mongolia ice grass on the toxicity of the wolf [J]. China Grass Journal, 2008, 30 (06): 110-112.

[15] Zhou Shuqing, Huang Zujie, Wang Hui, etc. The study of the effect of wolf poison on the sense of new wheat closure [J]. China Grass Journal, 2009,31 (06): 94-97.

[16] Yao Tuo, Kou Jiancun, Liu Ying. Wolf poison grid rust survey and preliminary research for controlling wolf poison [J]. Chinese biological control, 2004 (02): 142-144.

[17] HOITINK H a J, Fahy P C. Basis for the Control of SOILBORNE PATHOGENS with Composts [J] .nnu Rev Phytopathol, 1986,24: 93-114.

[18] Zhu Kaijian, Wang Bo, Fang Wenzhen, et al. Potted and piled up the potted potted trials of Java's bugs [J]. 122.

[19] Gao Liang, Golden Ling, Lu Xiuhong, et al., Progress of the Research on Plant Diseases [J]. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2014,42 (31): 10933-10935.

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[21] Liu Nihong, Xiong Zheng, Jiang Xianping, et al. The current status of fat tea development and the inspiration of Chinese facilities agriculture [J]. Modern agricultural equipment, 2019,40 (03): 9-15.

[22] Du Junling. The prevention and control of radiation infertility is a new way [J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Science, 1989 (05): 52+39.

[23] Wang Huatong. The progress of radiation infertility prevention and treatment of pests [J]. Nuclear Agricultural Journal, 1998 (02): 58-65.

[24] Introduction to the Institute of Institute of Institute of Radiation in the Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Academy of Agricultural Sciences [J]. Zhejiang Agricultural Science, 1994 (01): 1.

[25] Strong victory. The latest research progress of biological herbicides [J]. Weeds science, 1997 (04): 9-10.

This article is authorized to reprint from the WeChat public account "Mu Duo Book Sound"

Original title: It is important to verify in the manuscript: "Current", "In recent years"!

Author 丨 Zhang Suming

Unit 丨 China Agricultural University Press

Edit 丨 Zhu Tingting

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