The first business culture was found to refresh our cognition of the golden culture of the Central Plains

A lot of good things recently ~

This is not

There is another good news!

September 16th

State Administration of Cultural Relics

"Archaeological China" major project important progress work meeting

Report at the meeting

"In the Tomb of a high -grade aristocracy in the Zhengzhou Mall site

A "gold covered" was unearthed

It is said

It's earlier than the age of Sanxingdui!

Unearthed

There are 4 gold bubbles, gold foil

And the card with gold foil inlaid with green pine, etc.

Refresh the cognition of gold culture in the Central Plains region

Gu Wanfa, Dean of Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute

"This is the national cultural site nationwide

First discovered

The only gold covered "

Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute

Research librarian Huang Fucheng introduced

"When excavated

The golden covered on the wall on the west side of the tomb M2

Located on the head of the tomb

The size can basically cover the face of an adult "

Sanxingdui site in Guanghan, Sichuan

A large number of gold products were unearthed

Among them, the most representative of the golden mask

Among the many business cultural sites in the Central Plains area

I have only discovered gold before

Gu Wanfa said

This discovery

"For the southwestern region of my country

Equivalent to the late period of Central Plains business culture

Direct source of golden mask culture

Provide very important clues "

After finishing this

Let's come again

The predecessors of "golden face"

Award time

In my country

The most representative 9 gold masks

Let's take a look

What does it look like

↓

No.1

Sichuan Guanghan Sanxingdui Museum Collection

In 2021, it was unearthed at No. 5 sacrifice pit in the Sanxingdui site sacrifice area. The width of the half mask was about 23 cm and a height of about 28 cm. It was larger than the complete Golden Sand Gold Mask. The total weight should be more than 500g. At the same time, the thickness of this golden mask is very thick and can be established alone without any support. Although there are only half sheets, the square facial facial, hollow eyes, nose nose, and wide ears are very similar to the style of the golden mask unearthed from Samsung Dou and the style of the golden sand gold mask.

No.2

Sichuan Guanghan Sanxingdui Museum Collection

In 1986, it was unearthed at No. 2 sacrifice pit in Sanxingdui Site, Guanghan City, Sichuan Province. Its length is 26.5, 10, and 2.6 cm high. The mask is made of gold foil on the copper avatar. Although it has been deformed, it maintains the facial features of the bronze avatar. The eyebrows, eyes, and mouth are hollowed out, and the nose is raised.

No.3

Chengdu Sands Site Museum Collection

In 2007, it was unearthed at the Jinsha site in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. It was a golden mask from late to the Western Zhou Dynasty. Two large and small gold masks were unearthed from the Sands site. The picture above shows a large gold mask. The outer diameter of the mask is 12.53, the inner diameter is 5.29, and the thickness is 0.02 cm. The mask is shaped on the mold, and the eyes, nose, mouth, and ears are cut with cutting, and the upper part of the performance is limited to the forehead, below and jaw. The face is close, the flat, the eyebrows are slightly raised, the center is wide, and the ends are closed, like a crescent moon. The eyes are large, the eyes are cut out about diamond -shaped, the upper eyes are curved, and the lower eyes are deep. The bridge of the nose is straight, and the nose is connected to the cheekbones. The mouth is hollowed out and is slightly narrow square, with a slight smile, and the jaw is straight. Ear abduction, narrow upper and lower, the upper part is concave, and the earlobe perforation. The entire face is full, the expression is majestic, and has a certain realistic style. The surface of the mask is polished, and the inside is not polished, which is rough.

No.4

Tibetan Cultural Bureau of Zada ​​County, Tibet

It was unearthed in Ali, Tibet, as a Grangal cemetery in 2012. The history of this mask dates back to the 1st to 2th centuries. The mask is 4.5, 4.3 width, and 0.1 cm thick. It may be the smallest gold mask unearthed in my country.面具呈正方形，由金片压制而成，正面用红、黑、白三色颜料绘出人物面部，用宽度约0.2厘米的红色线条描绘出面具的轮廓线、上下眼睑、鼻部轮廓、鼻梁、 The nose, but the contour of the mouth is thinner. Both eyes are black, eyes are wide, and the eye frames are painted with black lines. Use white to base in the mouth and outline the teeth with black lines. There are three thick beards in the chin painting, one vertical downward in the middle, and the two beard with symmetrical symmetry on both sides fold down the two sides. The periphery of the mask is evenly distributed with 8 small round holes with a diameter of 0.2 cm, which is used to sew it on the softer material. The suppression lines are visible on the back. The mask is well preserved, but the right round hole is slightly damaged, and the surface is crushed.

No.5

Tibetan Cultural Bureau of Zada ​​County, Tibet

In 2013, it was unearthed in Quzha Cemetery in Zada ​​County, Tibet. The history of this mask dates back to the 1st to 2nd century. The mask is 5.5, 4.1 width, 0.01 cm thick. The facial contours and eyebrows, eyes, mouths, and nose of the mask are suppressed by gold slices, and the naughty marks are depicted with red pigments. The chin of the mask is pointed, the eyes are apricot -like, the nose is longer, and the mouth is small. The edges are folded to the back, which may be used to fix it on other items.

No.6

Gu Rujiang Temple Tibet, Gal County, Tibet

In 2009, it was unearthed in the Ceba cemetery in Ariza County, Tibet. The history of this mask dates back to the 2nd century. The size of the mask is similar to the real face, with 14.2, width 14, and 0.01 cm thick. The mask is composed of two parts of the crown and facial parts, and there is a multi -layer silk fabric on the back. On the front of the crown, three staircases are engraved on the front of the crown. There are dome on the top. One sheep are engraved in the middle of the pupa, all of which are facing the left side, and the corners are curled back. The masks are partial overlap under the crown, and there are two rows of small holes in the overlapping part, and the edges of the lower part of the crown are connected. The eyebrows, eyes, nose, and mouth are engraved on the face, and there are traces with red paint. There is a round hole with a diameter of 0.2 cm in a week around the mask. Each of it is a group, with multiple layers of silk fabrics behind the back, and there is a tie with knotting. No.7

Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Museum Collection

In 1997, it was unearthed in the Tomb of Zhaoshma, Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The history of this mask dates back to the 5th to 6th centuries. The mask is 7. The horizontal length is 16.5 cm. The mask is slightly deformed, divided into two halves from the middle line, formed the hammer, welded the co -welded after polishing, and then rivered with a small rivet. The face is square, wide, thick eyebrows, round eyes, slightly enlarged lips, eight -character beard, and the facial features are inlaid with gems, part of which have fallen off. Formed. The eyes are used with two round macros, and they are embedded in the orbits with inlaid processes and riveted to the eyebrows. The image is majestic and solemn.

No.8

Institute of Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

In 1986, it was unearthed in the Tomb of Chen Guo, the princess of Qinglongshan Town, Naiman Banner, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia. The history of this mask can be traced back to Liao. The mask is 20.5, 17.2 width, and 0.05 cm thick. The mask is formed in a thin gold piece. First, make a mold according to the face shape of the deceased, and then use the processed whole thin gold piece to be beaten on the mold. The face is full, the eyes are open, the nose bridge is narrow, the nose is slightly wider, the lips are wide, the ears are wide, the eyebrows and eyes are lying, the production is fine, and it strives to be similar to the deceased. Essence There are perforations around the mask. When you enter the puppet, first wear the whole body funeral and silver wire network, then cover the mask on Princess Chen Guo's face, and then use fine silver wire to connect to the head network along the perforation of the mask.

NO.9

Shenyang City Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology

In 2017, it was unearthed in the tomb group of Changbai Mountain I, Zhangjiayao Forest Field, Kangping County, Shenyang County, Liaoning. The history of this mask can be traced back to Liaoning. The mask is 23, 19.8, 8 cm high, and weighs 362 grams. Its color is golden, with a gold content of about 80%. The main component of the remaining 20%is silver. The facial features are realistic. The facial features such as eyebrows, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth are detailed. The eyelashes and beards are clearly visible. Both eyes are closed, the cheekbones are high, the eyebrows are slender, and the characteristics of Mongolian races. Young men. Pole from the ears and ears, wear two Capricorn gold earrings. The edges of the mask are perforated on the edge of the mask, which is used for wearing silver wire. The mask and silver silk network are used to use it.

source:

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1. Xinhua News Agency News

2. Ren Huali "Appreciation of Gold Mask of China"

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