2022 corn -time late -time harvesting wheat period late -period late broadcast technical opinions

The Huanghuaihai area is an important production area of ​​my country's wheat and corn cooked a year and anniversary. The output accounts for about 60%and 30%of the national output. In the past 10 years, the contribution to the increase in grain production across the country has exceeded 30%. Safety is of great significance. In recent years, with the warming of global climate, the temperature in Huanghuaihai has risen and rainfall has increased, and the light and warm water resources throughout the year have become richer. Adapting to climate change, the promotion of corn in the Huanghuaihai area is conducive to extending the grouting time of the seeds, promoting the dehydration of the stalks in the field, reducing the loss of mechanical harvest, and increasing production and quality. , Avoid the long before winter, reduce water consumption, and achieve safe wintering. At present, "Bai Lu" has passed, and the corn is entering the seeds of the seeds, and the wheat autumn and winter species are about to begin.

1. Corn appropriate time to collect and promote grouting

(1) One spray more promotion. According to the actual situation, for different types of diseases and insect pests and different types of disaster conditions, choose appropriate fertilizer and pharmaceuticals to reduce the number of fields in the field, and spray scientifically and reasonably. Generally, when there is no dew after 10 am and before 5 pm, the drone will use the drone to mix 0.2%potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1%urea, growth regulator, anti -inverse agent, sterilizer insecticide and other one -time mixed plant Spray, supplement nutrients, prevent disease and treat insects, reduce damage and reduce damage, and promote weight gain. Pay attention to the weather changes and avoid raining 24 hours after spraying, resulting in a decrease in effect.

(2) Get later. The best harvest period of corn is a period of physiological maturity, that is, black layers appear at the base of corn seed grains and the junction of the ear shaft, the seeds of the seeds disappear, the ears of the ears are yellow and white, the middle and lower leaves of the plant become yellow, the base leaves are dry, and the grains change at the same time. Hard and presented the inherent color of the variety, and the moisture content is reduced to less than 30%. Properly harvested according to the characteristics of the variety, the requirements of the stubble, and the weather conditions. It is advisable to extend for about 10 days. Huanghuaihai North Shibu should be harvested from October 5-10, no late October 15th, Huanghuai Hainan tablets can be delayed until October 10-20, and no later than October 25, giving full play to the potential of high yields, accelerating the acceleration, accelerating The ears and grains are dehydrated to reduce the loss rate of the machine and ensure the harvest of the high yield. Generally, the average daily temperature of corn is significantly decreased, and the grouting below 14 ° C is basically stopped, and it is not significant to postpone the rewarding time. Pay attention to observing the green degree of stem stalks, avoid crispy folding over too late, increase the difficulty of harvesting, and the grains are prone to mold and rot.

(3) Machine collection reduction. Pay attention to the weather changes, arrange pre -collection preparations such as agricultural machinery handicrafts, maintenance and commissioning of harvesting machines, drying and commissioning, drying and drying storage preparation, and strive to complete the harvest in time. When the mechanical harvest, the whole village and town should be promoted to improve the efficiency of the joint harvesting machine. When the water content of corn seeds exceeds 35%of the ingredients in the planting and late maturity, the corn seed grains exceeded 35%, the rals are used to reduce the crushing rate of seed grains and the loss rate of the machine. When the land with early -maturing varieties, or when the physiological maturity, and the water content of the seeds is less than 28%, the joint harvesting machine can be directly harvested to improve the efficiency of harvesting, reducing drying management and storage pressure. After harvesting, dry or dry in time. When the water content of the spikes is reduced to less than 25%, it is then used to prevent mildew and ensure yield and quality.

Second, wheat moderate late broadcasting nursery seedlings

(1) Fine and neatly. Highlight the high -quality and standardized cultivation of land with deep cultivation (loosening) rake and pressed land, crushing the stalks, sole fertilizer and sole, and the suppression after sowing. Seeding quality. For the wheat fields that continuously spin for 2-3 years, we will strive to cultivate or loosen it once. It is advisable to be 25-35 cm to combine the machine farming machine. After the rotation two times, the suppression was suppressed. The height of the straw is below 10 cm, and it is "chopped and sprinkled, mixed with grass soil, and suppressed rake." The large and medium -sized tractors should be deeply cultivated or deepened, and the deep grass should be returned. The depth of deep cultivation should be more than 25 cm. The depth of deep rotation grass should reach 12-15 cm. The suppression of Shiqian to suppress the rake and solid soil, especially the straw to return to the field. When the affection is suitable, it can be suppressed before and after sowing, and the suppression time should be delayed when the soil is too damp.

(2) Broadcast late. Based on the variety characteristics before winter, the characteristics of the selection of varieties are the basis. The Huanghuaihai area is mainly planted in winter and semi -winter species. The suitable broadcast period is the average daily temperature of 16-18 ° C and 14-16 ° C, respectively. Heart, it takes about 0 ℃ to accumulate temperature above 550 ℃. Before winter, the main stems and leaves are not less than 3 leaves. Essence Northern Winter Wai District is suitable for the evening broadcast period from October 5th to 12th, no late October 15th, Huanghuaihai's north film is October 7-15, no late October 20, Huanghuai Hainan film area is 10 On the 15th to 25th, it is no longer than October 30. Taking the cultivation of strong seedlings before the winter, accurately determines the amount of broadcasting. Generally, the basic seedlings of the northern winter wheat districts are 25,000 to 300,000, 200,000 to 250,000 to 250,000 to 250,000 to the northern and central parts of Huanghuai Winter Wheat District. After the average temperature of the sowing day is lower than 15 ° C, the basic seedlings increase by 10,000 per day, but the maximum Huanghuai Winter wheat district should not exceed 350,000, and the northern winter wheat district should not exceed 400,000. (3) Management before winter. Suppress after sowing, the rake is flat before the broadcast, the sowing machine with a suppressor must be broadcast, and the sowing machine with a suppressor should be suppressed in a timely manner, and the suppression strength and uniformity should be ensured. Do it. In the soil, the soil is densely connected to reduce the soil -transparent running, promote the growth of wheat seedlings, and cultivate the strong seedlings before the winter. Water overwintering water, the wheat fields that are lacking of wheat fields and stalks, spinning farming, and false soil are generally from the end of November to early December. The average daily temperature is stable at about 3 ° C. Water irrigation, timely scratch after irrigation, loosen the soil to prevent the turtles from cracking, avoiding air -transparent damage to the roots. For wheat fields without watering conditions, after each rain, it is timely to keep the sacrifice and keep the seedlings safely and overwinter. Do a good job of weeding and insect -proof, and use the favorable timing of chemical weeding before the winter. Generally, from mid -November to early December (the average daily temperature is above 10 ° C), wheat 3-4 leaves, weed 2 leaves, 1 heart to 3 leaves In the current, the appropriate pharmaceuticals are selected to prevent wicked and weeds; for wheat fields that harm heavier pests such as cymbals and gold needles, use appropriate pharmaceuticals to mix fine soil to mix with water, and combine the ground into the soil. At the same time, the wheat field management and protection of the wheat field before the winter to prevent nesting and poultry green, and ensure the normal growth and safe wintering of wheat seedlings.

Source: National Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center

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