It has maintained double -digit growth for 6 consecutive years -how can my country's R & D investment hit a new high

The "Statistics of the National Science and Technology Investment Investment in 2021" recently released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Finance shows that last year, the investment in R & D funding for the whole society of my country reached another high, reaching 2.8 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.6%over the previous year. What are the highlights of my country's scientific and technological funding investment? How much room for improvement in funding?

High investment promotes economic development

"The bulletin shows that my country's R & D funding investment is growing rapidly, high intensity, and stable structure." Said Xuan Zhaohui, director of the Institute of Technology Forecast and Statistics Analysis of the Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy.

The total amount of R & D funding in my country has increased rapidly, with an average annual increase of 12.2%from 2011 to 2020, and last year's growth rate reached 14.6%. Among the R & D expenses, the growth rate of basic research was particularly fast. Last year, the national basic research funds reached 181.7 billion yuan, an increase of 23.9%over the previous year. Compared with the average annual growth rate of 15.2%of basic research in 2011 to 2020, the increase was relatively outstanding. As the world's second largest R & D fund investment economy, China has maintained double -digit growth for 6 consecutive years, making important contributions to global R & D funding growth.

The intensity of R & D investment (that is, the ratio of R & D funding to the GDP) not only reflects the support of a country's funding for R & D activities, but also largely reflects the level of economic transformation and upgrading process and high -quality development. China's R & D intensity of investment in R & D increased from 1.91%in 2012 to 2.44%last year. This level ranks first in the development of countries, which is higher than the EU average (2.2%) and slightly lower than the average level of OECD countries (2.68%). "2.44%of the investment intensity, ranking the thirteenth in the world, exceeding France (2.35%), the United Kingdom (1.71%) and other countries." Xuan Zhaohui believes that this indicates that my country's R & D intensity has reached the level of innovative countries.

From the perspective of the main body of the event, the proportion of enterprises, government research institutions, and colleges and universities accounted for 76.9%, 13.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. Last year, the scale of corporate R & D expenditure exceeded 2 trillion yuan, and it has become the leading force to ensure the growth of R & D funding for the whole society. From the perspective of the industrial department, the high -tech manufacturing industry's R & D funding for R & D is 568.46 billion yuan, and the investment intensity (the ratio of R & D funding and operating income) was 2.71%, an increase of 0.05 percentage points over the previous year. Among industrial enterprises above designated size, there are 5 industries with investment funding for more than 100 billion yuan, and their funding investment is 51.2%. Five industries with more than 100 billion yuan in R & D and development are: computers, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, general equipment manufacturing, and dedicated equipment manufacturing.

"The formation of an enterprise as the main body is conducive to the steady improvement of my country's comprehensive innovation capabilities. The high investment intensity of high -tech manufacturing industry is high. 5 investment in 5 billion yuan are high -tech and high -tech industries. The investment structure is also stable and reasonable. "Xuan Zhaohui said.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's R & D funding has continued to grow rapidly. "The driving role of scientific and technological innovation on economic and social development is increasing, effectively supporting the establishment of a new development pattern and promoting high -quality development." Said Liu Huifeng, a researcher at the Institute of Technology Forecast and Statistics Analysis of the Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy.

Fast growth in local fiscal science and technology expenditure

The communiqué reflects that the investment intensity of R & D funding in 6 provinces such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang exceeds the national average. The provinces with more than 100 billion yuan in R & D expenditure increased by 3, reached 11 from the previous year, and the top 3 were Guangdong (400.22 billion yuan), Jiangsu (343.86 billion yuan), Beijing (262.93 billion yuan). Shandong, Shanghai, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Henan and Anhui.

"The construction of the regional innovation highland has a significant effect, and the construction of the International Science and Technology Innovation Center has reached a new level." Liu Huifeng believes that the investment in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing, and Zhejiang Or more than some developed countries in Europe and the United States. Compared with the last year, the increase in R & D expenditure in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong was 13%, 12.6%, and 15%, respectively. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Macao Greater Bay Area demonstrated a significant role in demonstration. In addition, the R & D investment of Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Anhui, Henan and other central and western provinces ranked among the "100 billion provinces", and the investment increased by more than 10%.

Xuan Zhaohui believes that from the perspective of R & D investment, the three major economic circles of the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta are commensurate with their economic and social development level. The Yangtze River Economic Belt is dazzling. Of the 11 provinces that have invested over 100 billion yuan, 7 belong to the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Guangdong invested the most in all provinces and exceeded 400 billion yuan.

The bulletin announced the national fiscal science and technology expenditure. Last year, the national fiscal science and technology expenditure was 107.667 billion yuan, an increase of 67.17 billion yuan and an increase of 6.7%over the previous year. Among them, the central government's financial science and technology expenditure was 379.49 billion yuan, accounting for 35.2%of the national fiscal science and technology expenditure; local fiscal science and technology expenditure was 697.18 billion yuan, accounting for 64.8%.

"The scale and proportion of local fiscal scientific and technological expenditures have reached a record high." Liu Huifeng said that the national fiscal scientific and technological expenditure has remained more than trillion yuan for three consecutive years, indicating that governments at all levels attach importance to innovation -driven development. In the fiscal expenditure, the rapid growth of local fiscal scientific and technological expenditures indicates that local governments pay more and more attention to scientific and technological innovation, and are accelerating the transformation of regional economic development models from factor -driven to innovation -driven. Basic research should continue to be strengthened

Looking forward to the future, how can my country's R & D investment continue to improve quality and efficiency? How much room for R & D investment is there?

"Although the scale of R & D funding in my country is second only to the United States, the scale gap with the United States is still relatively large. It is necessary to further expand the scale of R & D investment to support the high -quality development of the economy and society." Xuan Zhaohui believes that the intensity of R & D investment in my country is still very large potential.

R & D investment must not only continue to expand the scale, but also further optimize the structure. The bulletin showed that the proportion of basic research funds in the country was 6.5%, an increase of 0.49 percentage points from the previous year; the proportion of application research and experimental development funds was 11.3%and 82.3%, respectively.

"my country's basic research funds account for 6.5%of R & D expenses, and stabilize more than 6%for 3 consecutive years. my country's basic research funding investment in scale is second in international rankings. Optimized. "Liu Huifeng said that the proportion of basic research funds for the United States, Japan and Europe has basically maintained between 12%and 23%. China must be comparable to it. Continue to increase investment in research and development of the whole society, optimize the structure of adjustment of funding investment, and greatly increase the proportion of basic research. "

"It is necessary to encourage more enterprises to increase basic research and investment. At the same time, government departments continue to increase basic research investment and absorb more social capital investment in R & D activities." Xuan Zhaohui said that the proportion of basic research in R & D funding of Chinese enterprises is only 0.5% In contrast, European and American countries account for more than 5%. The basic research funding of Chinese enterprises has been hovering at a low position for a long time. If it cannot be optimized and adjusted the structure of research and development funding, it will not be conducive to solving key core technologies from the source.

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