Stage towards common prosperity: my country's middle -income group growth and policy design

Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Digest" 2022, No. 7 P132-133

Author: Li Chunling Unit: The Institute of Sociology, the Academy of Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences is taken from the Journal of Beijing University of Technology.

Expanding the proportion of middle -income groups and achieving the common prosperity of all peoples is an important part of the comprehensive building of a well -off society, the "14th Five -Year Plan" strategic plan, and the basically realized socialist modernization goal in 2035. Structure and comprehensively build an important aspect of socialist modernization. Based on the analysis of the comprehensive survey (CSS) data of the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CSS), the development of my country's middle -class income groups in the early 21st century was noticeable. There are still a big gap between the problems such as uneven and unreasonable and unreasonable. Among them, the three issues that are more prominent are: (1) the proportion of secondary income groups is relatively low; (2) the internal structure of the middle -income group is unreasonable; The characteristics of these three status quo shows that the current development level of middle -class income groups in my country is still in the primary stage. It needs to further increase the proportion of middle -income people, adjust the internal structure of the middle income group, and coordinate the balanced development of the region. These three status quo characteristics show that the current level of development of middle -class income groups in my country is still in the primary stage. It needs to further increase the proportion of middle -income people, adjust the internal structure of the middle income group, and coordinate the balanced development of the region. Promote the common prosperity of all peoples and basically realize socialist modern countries in 2035 to provide a solid and extensive social foundation.

2021 is the year of successful completion of the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" and the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan, which indicates that my country's economic and social development has entered a new stage of development. The new development stage needs to propose the development goals of the upgraded version of the middle -income group, and strengthen the middle -income group with dual -dimensional and multi -level standards. The dual -dimensional standard refers to the proportion of absolute standards for the proportion of absolute standards, but also to increase the proportion of medium -income groups in relative standards. While more and more population is out of poverty and become rich, it is moving towards the future of common prosperity. Multi -level standards refer to different secondary income standards based on urban and rural gaps and regional differences. For example, rural areas can adopt a standard of $ 10-100 per capita per capita; Cities should be based on relatively standard definition of middle -income groups. Dual -dimensional and multi -level standards have grown and middle -income groups, gradually meet the multi -level demand of the people's continuous improvement, ensure the continuous improvement of the people's income level, improve the distribution pattern of income, form an olive social structure, and build a common prosperous socialist modern country.

For expanding the middle income group, my country has not yet formed strong targeted policy ideas and specific measures. It is urgent to explore practice, summarize experience, design the overall strategic policy of the middle income group, formulate system policies and measures, promote middle income to middle income The scale of the group has grown steadily, and the goal of "significantly expanded" proposed by the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" plan is achieved. This article believes that the policy plan that expands the proportion of middle -income groups in the new development stage should be designed from three aspects: the "expansion", "promotion" and "education" strategy at the macro level; "Fang strategies; the" precise expansion "policy for specific target groups ultimately achieve the goal of" effective expansion "that promotes the common prosperity of all peoples.

(1) The "expansion", "promotion" and "education" strategy at the macro level

At the macroeconomic and social level, the strategy policy that the Chinese government has implemented and needs further strengthening is the basic condition to ensure the continuous growth of secondary income groups. First, to ensure stable economic growth. In the 20 years since the 21st century, my country's economic growth has grown at a rapid economic growth, which has prompted middle -income groups to develop rapidly. Similarly, if the "14th Five -Year Plan" period and the next 15 years, my country's economy continues to grow steadily. Expect. However, at present, the international and domestic environment has changed significantly. The new stage of development will face a variety of uncertain factors, enhance economic risks. In the period of slowing economic growth and economic fluctuations, what measures to stabilize and middle income in the middle income are that we will face it. Challenge. Second, keep employment priority policies. Stability and expanding employment are one of the effective strategies to promote the development of middle -income groups. Stable employment is the status guarantee of secondary income people. The rise in unemployment rates will definitely impact the stability of middle -income groups. From the perspective of international experience, economic growth with low employment participation rate is likely to fall into the "middle income trap", leading to differentiation of the rich and poor, and cannot cultivate a stable and solid middle -income group. Therefore, adhering to the employment orientation of economic development is conducive to promoting the growth of middle -income groups. Especially during the slowdown of economic growth and economic fluctuations, it is necessary to adhere to the "strengthening policy of employment", expand employment capacity, enhance employment quality, and promote full employment. Third, increase the proportion of labor compensation in the initial distribution. Increase the proportion of labor remuneration in the initial distribution, increase the reward of workers, especially the first -tier workers' remuneration, improve the rational growth mechanism of wages, and ensure that the growth of labor remuneration and the increase in labor productivity is not only conducive to helping more low -incomers faster faster. The more smoothly entering the middle income team is also conducive to suppressing the division of the rich and the poor, promoting the fairness of income distribution, and ensuring that middle -income groups continue to grow. Fourth, improve the social security system and improve the quality of public services. The perfect social security system helps the middle income team to stabilize, avoid the impact of economic risk factors on middle -income groups; high -quality public services will help enhance the sense of gain and satisfaction of middle -income people, so that they can reach middle income The level people become real middle income people. (2) "Expansion" and "Steady Middle" square of structural adjustment angle

In the new development stage, the relevant policies of my country's expansion of middle -income groups must not only "expand", but also need to "adjust the structure". Adjusting the revenue distribution structure is the only way to promote the development of middle -income groups. This article believes that at this stage, my country's income distribution structure is very unreasonable, which hinders the further development of middle -income groups. In response to the three outstanding characteristics of my country's middle -income groups at this stage -the proportion of middle -income people is relatively low, the internal hierarchical structure is unreasonable, and the development of regions is uneven. The focus of "adjusting structure" can work in three directions. First, reduce the scale of low -income groups and expand the size of middle -income groups. At present, about 50%of the adult population in my country is at a low level of income, and 1/7 is in a state of economic difficulties. It does not increase the income of these two people, and it is difficult for middle -income groups to grow. During the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period, a large number of poverty -stricken people have entered the ranks of low -income groups. During the "14th Five -Year Plan" period, we must continue to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation. Second, adjust the internal structure of the middle -income group and expand the middle layer of the middle income group. At present, the middle -income person of about 7/10 is at the bottom of the middle income range, and the middle income person at the middle position is less than 1/4, which makes the internal structure of the middle -class income group in my country extremely unreasonable. Stability, a large number of middle -income people who have just entered the middle income threshold are vulnerable to economic fluctuations and fall back to low -income groups. Therefore, maintaining the income of middle -income income continues to increase and expand the middle layer of the middle -income group, which is conducive to the stable development of middle -income groups. Third, the development of uneven development between regions focuses on helping the growth of middle -income groups in rural areas and central and western regions, and promotes the balanced development of middle -income groups. At the same time, for regional differences in the development of middle -income groups, a differentiated "expanded" strategy is adopted. The primary task of "expanding" in rural areas is to allow more people to get rid of poverty and get rich and join the team of middle -income people. In urban areas, "expansion" must not only increase the proportion of secondary income groups, but also allow more middle -income people to enter the intermediate income group and high -high income groups. In oversized cities, the "adjustment structure" is the focus of work. Those who entered the middle -income group to further increase their income and truly live a well -off life.

(3) The "precise expansion" policy implemented for specific target groups

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