Focus interview: "Cold Chain" in the dining table to see the delicious "cold chain"

CCTV News (Focus Interview): From the midsummer to the early autumn today, the extremely high temperature appeared frequently, and even once evolved into a "barbecue" mode. According to the monitoring of meteorological satellites, high -temperature weather above 35 ° C, which once covered the area of ​​4.5 million square kilometers above 35 ° C. High temperatures undoubtedly bring severe challenges to the circulation of agricultural products, and the cold chain has become a key part of the agricultural products represented by fruits and vegetables from the field to citizens' tables. How to understand the cold chain? What is the important role of cold chain logistics in optimizing the circulation of agricultural products and promoting high -quality agricultural development?

A cargo train full of 640 tons of Xinmei trains departed from Kashgar Station in Xinjiang and headed to Xi'an, Shaanxi. This is the first new plum cold chain special list in Xinjiang this year. This advanced railway cold chain logistics train can keep the fresh -keeping box continuously electricity for 24 hours, maintaining the freshness of Xinmei to the maximum extent.

Ortoch flags in Ordos, Inner Mongolia, after being frozen and fresh after slaughtering, was placed in a refrigerator and sent to all parts of the country. This "new generation" refrigerator has a faster effect and more stable temperature. It only takes 10 minutes to reduce the temperature of the carriage to minus 18 degrees Celsius. The body can be installed with 15 tons of mutton at a time. Most of the country.

The cold chain allows fresh living agricultural products to cross the mountains and sea and go to each dining table in time. In this extremely hot summer in 2022, it also plays an indispensable role.

Fresh agricultural products must be stored at a certain temperature in order to inhibit respiration and reduce losses. In summer, the characteristics of high moisture content of agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables, short fresh -keeping periods, and short -term loss are particularly prominent. From the fields to the people's dining table, agricultural products need to go through multiple circulation links. How to reduce losses has always been a shortcoming problem in the field of agricultural product circulation.

In 2010, the reporter saw in the Beijing Xinfa Land Agricultural Products Trading Market that due to the lack of cold storage, many dishes that could not be sold in time were wasteful. Some experts have predicted that each year due to insufficient cold chain logistics, the loss of fruit and vegetable circulation exceeds 100 billion yuan. Whether the shortcoming of cold chain logistics can be supplemented? It not only affects whether the loss of agricultural product circulation can be reduced, but also whether the comprehensive agricultural comprehensive benefits can be on the stage.

July is the season for the centralized listing of litchi varieties in late maturity. In a fresh supermarket in Beijing, a litchi named Xianjin Feng has become a hot product this year and expensive. Without the ancient varieties, Xianjin Feng also needed to impersonate other well -known varieties to sell.

More than 2,000 kilometers away from Beijing, the place of origin of Xianjin Feng -Xiancun Town, Zengcheng District, Guangzhou, and the fruit farmers started to be busy early in the morning. Snow, the shape is a flattering heart shape. The period of Xianjin Fengli fruit is only about 20 days. In order to ensure the timely supply of the country, it is necessary to have accurate control of time and temperature.

Pre -cooling has become a key step to ensure high -quality litchi from the field to the dining table. Although the outdoor temperature is approaching 40 degrees Celsius, everyone in this 2,000 square meter cold storage operation room next to Litchi Garden is put on a cotton jacket. Sorting the lychee that has just been picked, lychee can only extend the fresh -keeping period of only 2 to 3 days in the cold storage for about ten hours in the cold storage.

In addition to the pre -cooled session after picking, after the lychee is shipped from the place of origin, the storage and transportation links must be maintained in the hands of the user. Fresh direct mining and the full use of cold chain technology have continuously expanded the sales radius of various litchi, including Xianjin, and growers have become direct beneficiaries.

In 2020, with the support of the local government, Wang Chongzuo, the head of the Chunyu asparagus garden in Hongyao Town, Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province, founded the Chunyu asparagus planting base, rented more than 1,600 acres of asparagus. The asparagus is preserved in the cold storage. Cold storage not only extended the sales time of asparagus, but also adjusts the supply in combination with the needs of localities, thereby improving the bargaining ability of cooperatives and farmers. At present, the planting area of ​​asparagus in Hongyao Town reaches more than 11,000 acres, with an annual output value of 220 million yuan. Small asparagus has become a large industry for rural rejuvenation.

In fact, with the rapid growth of the asparagus market, the small cold storage built by growers has been difficult to meet the needs. The Lianshui Power Department has established a small mobile cold storage in the field. The style of the field of Tiantou is pre -cooled to remove the "field head heat", which effectively reduces the consumption of the field head of 20%-30%of the fruit and vegetables, so that the pre -cold asparagus preservation period will be extended for about 3 days.

At present, a rejuvenating industrial park of asparagus has begun to be planned. The project is planned to build 4 cold storage. The volume of each cold storage is 6,000 cubic meters, and the refrigeration capacity is about 700 tons. It covers 23 asparagus production bases in the county. It will be completed and put into use at the end of this year. Increasing investment in agricultural product production areas, the problem that is solved is the key link of the "first kilometer" of agricultural products.

"First kilometer" is the starting point of the circulation of agricultural products and the focus of cold chain logistics construction. According to statistics, since the implementation of the implementation of agricultural product warehousing and fresh -keeping cold chain logistics facilities in 2020, the central government has supported 27,000 farmers' professional cooperatives, family farms, and collective economies in two years in the way of "built construction and replenishment" in two years. Organize the construction of refrigerated fresh -keeping facilities, and support the entire county to advance, with more than 12 million tons of new libraries. In April of this year, the Ministry of Transport and other departments jointly released the "Implementation Opinions on Accelerating the High -quality Development of Cold Chain Logistics Transportation". The use of cold chain technology has greatly improved the efficiency of agricultural products. The situation. An ancient French Anhui stinky catfish requires 31 processes from the selection of materials to pickling. Making each stinky catfish has the same taste, and the full process is safe and traceable, which means that this famous Anhui cuisine can be tasted by more people in prefabricated dishes. These stinky fish from processing to the entire cold chain of transportation came from more than 1,300 kilometers away.

Although traditional stinky catfish is famous, due to the complex craftsmanship, it is difficult to ensure that everyone is used to it. Wu Yongxue, who returned to his hometown to start a business, tried to improve the traditional stinky catfish production process. After three years, after many experiments, a set of mechanized equipment was launched. Stinky fish with consistent taste and stable quality. It is worth mentioning that, under the leadership of Wu Yongxue, the local standard "Technical Regulations for Steel Murlon Processing" in Anhui Province was also successfully introduced, ensuring the processing quality of stinky catfish from the industry level.

The new model represented by the cold chain allows stinky catfish to achieve standardized production. The Internet has continuously extended the traditional food sales map. At present, the sales of e -commerce platforms account for one -third of the total sales of this company. Every ten days, a number of pickled stinky catfish will be sealed and distributed throughout the country through the cold chain. It is foreseeable that the infrastructure construction represented by the cold chain will further enhance the toughness and vitality of my country's agricultural supply chain. It is worth noting that the first five -year plan of the "Fourteenth Five -Year" Cold Chain Logistics Development Plan in my country's cold chain logistics was officially released at the end of 2021. During the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period of "Planning", my country will build 8 national cold chain logistics backbone channels in China, connecting the main agricultural products area and 19 urban agglomerations, forming a national cold chain logistics internal and external China Unicom The backbone channel network.

Zhu Ning, an associate researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences: "The biggest change of agricultural product supply chain is two changes, one is to change from traditional circulation to modern circulation. Diversified supply chain changes. Modern logistics, e -commerce, and the development of cold chain logistics have promoted the transformation of the circulation method of agricultural product supply chain, and the pattern of the national market in the country has formed a large market. "

"Vegetable Basketball", one ending in the field, the table connected to the people's dining table. South Caipan North Transport and West Fruit East Insurance, taking cold chain logistics, food travel is faster, and the beautiful life on the tongue of the people is destined to be more worth looking forward to.

From the cold storage in the field, to the long -distance cold chain logistics vehicle, and the prefabricated dishes empowered by the cold chain, the vivid cases tell us that the shortcomings are variable springboards and weaknesses are also potential. During the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, we will further open up the artery circulation of agricultural products, improve the "first kilometers" of the production area, and enhance the "last mile" of the city's "last mile" to benefit the people. The continuous development of cold chain logistics will make our dining table richer and "vegetable baskets" fresher.

Source: CCTV News Client

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