The State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission has a list of science and technology innovation. Where is the ability to innovate state -owned enterprises?

Innovation is the core of entrepreneurial spirit. Can the compliance exemption list be tied for the technological innovation capabilities of state -owned enterprises at once?

Author: Wang Yajie

Figure: Tuwa Creative

Guide

One || For enterprises with the main body of scientific and technological innovation, whether it is scientific research and technical personnel or the advancement of scientific and technological innovation projects, it is necessary to start from market demand and guide them through the perspective of market demand. But in actual operations, not all companies can practice full marketization.

上 || In the time cycle, scientific researchers even need to spend ten or twenty years to do the above -mentioned things. It is very difficult, which is equivalent to changing cutting -edge science from zero to one, which is very difficult.

3 || Liu Mingyu, an associate professor at the Department of Applied Economics at the School of Management of Fudan University, believes that at present, state -owned enterprises are facing two major challenges to undertake science and technology tasks. The first challenge is the constraints of institutional and mechanisms facing state -owned enterprises, and lack flexibility in market competition. The second challenge is the national and social levels of increasingly expected state -owned enterprises, and it has given it unbearable.

Ren Tiantian waited for 7 years.

Seven years ago, as the head of the science and technology department of a central enterprise subsidiary, he took the lead in promoting a project of new energy technology innovation. During the period, he invested a lot of financial resources and energy, and finally ended without illness. He was reluctant to talk about the impact of the project's failure at that time. Many years have passed, when the State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council clearly stated that "encouraging innovation and failed tolerance", Ren Tiantian relieved: "This is just the beginning, it depends on what the reform of supporting policies and incentive policies will look like in the future."

On June 8th, Weng Jieming, member of the Party Committee and Deputy Director of the State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, said in a special promotion meeting on scientific and technological innovation that in the future, it will vigorously promote the entrepreneurial spirit and scientists' spirit, and accelerate the establishment of a list of compliance exemptions in scientific and technological innovation. To achieve the expected goals, cause asset losses or other adverse consequences, it can be exempted from accountability.

In accordance with the requirements of the State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, on June 16, a state -owned personnel of the Gansu Provincial SASAC told reporters from the Economic Observer that the place has just begun to consider establishing a list of compliance exemptions on scientific and technological innovation. Earlier, the area was measured in accordance with the management measures of illegal investment operations issued three years ago to conduct risk measurement of scientific and technological innovation projects.

For major state -owned state -owned enterprises and local state -owned enterprises, the insufficient power of innovation, and the long -term disadvantage of the innovation cycle front.

From the perspective of State -owned experts Zhu Boshan, the operation of state -owned enterprises is a typical risk avoidance type and is getting more and more serious. The cause is a systematic factor, which leads to the most secure and safest. Another researcher Liu Mingyu believes that state -owned enterprises are undertaking the increasing expectations of the country and society, so that they have become "unbearable."

"The venture capital and industrialization of scientific and technological innovation need to play the spirit of entrepreneurs. Its governance model and incentive mechanism are very different from industries in the mature period." Liu Mingyu, an associate professor of the Department of Applied Economics at the School of Applied Economics of Fudan University.

Innovation is the core of entrepreneurial spirit. Can the compliance exemption list be tied for the technological innovation capabilities of state -owned enterprises at once?

Project

Ni Li, director of the Engineering Technology Test Center of Petrochemical Enterprise, introduced that the logic of scientific and technological innovation is mainly reflected in the form of scientific research projects. The declaration of scientific research topics includes national -level issues, headquarters topics, the company's own topic, and the topics of other molecular companies. Among them, some related professional on -site transformations should also be considered, as well as changes provided by operators in the field of science and technology.

In the process of setting up, common obstacles include some scientific research projects that do not meet the company's future development direction and planning. The company's future positioning is developed. The operators of some projects are limited, and they are not matched with the existing commodity structure and industrial chain. They may not be sold to the market. They are sold to the market and are not related to the industrial chain. "

This is a systematic project.

Zhu Changming, a partner of the Law Firm in the Sunshine Age, believes that the establishment of scientific research projects is still very complicated from the inside, but for the enterprise of scientific and technological innovation, whether it is scientific research and technical personnel itself or the advancement of scientific and technological innovation projects, it is both. It is necessary to start from the perspective of market demand and traction from the perspective of market demand.

But in actual operations, not all companies can practice full marketization.

Yue Lianze bluntly stated that his own company does not want to act in accordance with the laws of marketization, but due to the requirements of the assessment, he dare not take more risks, willing to give up high -yield and have market prospects but long -term projects, and turn around. Choose more secure and safer small projects. "Scientific and technological innovation means from zero to one, from scratch. Who will bear the risk and responsibility of failure? Anyway, I don't want to bear it." For Yue Lianze, he has signed the term system and contractualization, and he has signed the term system and contractualization. I don't want to take risks during the term of office. It is good to be able to complete the task that can not be done in a good job.

Innovative power is the purpose of this, and there is a constraint on the approval process.

The leader of a central enterprise in the research management department of the State -owned Enterprise Research Institute of Shanghai State -owned Enterprises said that it has always been cumbersome in the approval of investment projects of scientific and technological innovation. Investment projects above thousands of) or above must take the three major (including major matters decision -making, important cadre appointment and removal, major project investment decision -making, large amount of capital use), all need to pass the pre -decision of the party committee, and then pass the service meeting Let's discuss the specific expenses of the project. When the project actually starts operation, it is necessary to take the operation process in the house. The above -mentioned leaders said: "There are still many links in each link. After these necessary links, the money can be invested. In some links, we have to repeatedly explain the details of the relevant projects, such as the party committee discussed the feasibility of investment, and the investment direction of the investment direction The research and judgment must be closed at all levels. "The leader said that his meaning is not completely unwilling to be related links such as the front discussion, but the market is ranging, and sometimes the best investment will wait for several rounds of meetings. The timing has passed.

In the process of promoting the project, Ni Li also encountered similar situations.

For example, compared with private enterprises, for example, how much investment and approval authority, private enterprise leaders decided as soon as they patted, but in Ni Li's enterprises, different investment amounts must be different, such as the board of directors, the party committee, etc. Wait, all kinds of contracts and cooperation must be approved, and the process is relatively cumbersome, and the personnel are not so flexible.

However, he also expressed his understanding of the above approach: "In terms of foreign cooperation, state -owned enterprises are still cautious. From the perspective of the company's leadership, consider it, and invest in so much money. After all, the company is still profitable, and the approval of meetings also has its meaning. "

Transform

In the opinion of the above -mentioned petrochemical enterprise Changling Branch, Fu Hao, when the scientific research results are transformed, it is necessary to transform from the small environment of the laboratory to industrialized things, that is, the large -scale, continuous, and automatic equipment of the equipment. In this process It is necessary to consider how to reduce costs and how to reduce artificially. In the time cycle, scientific researchers even need to spend ten or twenty years to do the above things. It is very difficult, which is equivalent to changing cutting -edge science from science to one, which is very difficult.

Fu Hao bluntly said, "This is difficult, I have done it for many years, it is not easy."

Yue Lianze said: "Any scientific and technological innovation is closely related to the incentives. Now the incentive policy of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements must be increased. Although the top level has issued relevant transformation and incentive methods, it is necessary to approve it when applying. Measurement, what effect to achieve, what to transform the results, and how to fulfill it, it is difficult. "He hopes to introduce new scientific and technological achievements transformation and incentive policies.

In Yue Lianze's view, taking the innovation of the engineering technology field as an example, in the field of engineering applications, related scientific and technological innovation may not be as not as eye -catching as a special cutting -edge scientific and technological innovation. The transformation application promotion is not very good. Even if it is pushed out, the market competitiveness is not so strong. In addition, there are no more incentive measures for promotion of results. The employees below have no motivation to do this. After all, there are no relevant policies and regulations on how to motivate, incentive directions, incentive positioning and amount evaluation. The enterprises where Yue Lianze is located has no relevant experience to refer to it.

He said: "There are many blind spots, and even if it is promoted to market applications like high -precision scientific and technological achievements, the subsequent evaluation is very difficult, and it will also lead to the situation where promotion cannot be landed."

Yue Lianze bluntly stated that the driving force of scientific and technological innovation is not only the enthusiasm for scientific and technological innovation, but also the blessing of incentives to promote technological innovation.

Although the country has introduced a number of relevant scientific research results conversion incentive policies, concerns about the complaints of the loss of state -owned assets still tied the hands and feet of innovators.

In the long -term scientific research front -line weapon and equipment group Shanghai Electric Control Institute Zhu Xuhua mentioned the above problems, stated that in accordance with the requirements of national policies, the state -owned assets value value preservation was encouraged, and the necessary military -civilian integration and investment were initiated. However, in the process of actual operation, the leadership still worried that once the joint venture and mergers and acquisitions, there will be new institutions of state -owned assets and peripheral assets, and state -owned assets will be lost.

The unit where Zhu Xuhua is located is in the transition period. At present, the power of external advantages and the needs of joint ventures and acquisitions have always existed, but it has encountered a lot of obstacles to advance, including concerns about the valuation of outside companies. The management and control funds must be considered during the implementation of various audits. Zhu Xuhua said: "We have been considering how to avoid these issues.

For this, Zhu Changming's understanding is that in the scientific research system, scientific and technological research and development and industrialization are disconnected. Even though scientific researchers have formed scientific and technological achievements, there are serious disconnection problems at the stage of industrialization and large -scale promotion. Scientific research research. Scientific research The goals and assessments of personnel are patents, papers, professional titles and awards, not transformation applications and economic income.

Zhu Changming believes that researchers of state -owned enterprises and institutions have a deep understanding of a deep understanding of, that is, it is that industrialization has nothing to do with themselves, and it is not their own strength. The result of this is that scientific research institutions have no enthusiasm for the transformation and industrialization of results, and the scientific research results have not combined with market demand at the beginning, nor do they consider the production costs and supply chain supports required for industrialization; Insufficient, large investment but the success rate of the results is not high. Even if the transformation is successful, it may be difficult to sell due to high costs. After the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, it cannot make money. reform

In order to break the development of scientific and technological innovation, the State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council began to make efforts.

On June 8th, Weng Jieming, member of the Party Committee and Deputy Director of the State -owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, said that it is necessary to establish a perfect list of compliance exemptions to further encourage innovation and tolerance failure. The central enterprises and local state -owned assets commissions must resolutely implement the requirements of the "three districts", vigorously promote the spirit of entrepreneurs and scientists, accelerate the establishment of a list of compliance exemptions in scientific and technological innovation, or in the list of existing business investment exemptions. Supplement and improve the relevant content, clarify specific exemption matters, scope standards, implementation procedures, etc. Under the premise of laws and regulations, power and responsibilities, diligence, and failure to obtain improper interests, those who have not achieved the expected goals, causing asset losses or other adverse consequences can be exempt from accountability and fully tolerate the failure in the unknown process in the process of unknown process. Support state -owned entrepreneurs and scientific and technological personnel to leave their arms boldly, do nothing from scientific research, and do innovation.

Luo Zhiheng, chief economist of Yuekai Securities, believes that the current Chinese economy has shifted from high -speed growth to high -quality development. The economy will move from the prosperity of real estate finance to the stage of technology and manufacturing. High -level economic cycle. There are large uncertainty in scientific and technological innovation and investment operations. Its high -risk characteristics need to match the production relationship and institutional mechanism that is more tolerant of trial and error. Therefore, improving the full -time exemption list is an inevitable requirement for accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.

Zhu Boshan, general manager of Shanghai Tianqiang Management Consulting Co., Ltd., believes that the attitude of the SASAC is very necessary because the operation of state -owned enterprises is a typical risk avoidance and is getting worse. Facing the external environment of industrial transformation, lack of innovation awareness, innovation mechanism, and innovation capabilities.

Zhu Boshan said: "This attitude can have a certain effect, but it is not too optimistic. It is not a problem that can be solved in a list of insufficient innovation. The individual of the person is the most secure and safest. "

Zhu Changming believes that the list only solves the accountability of state -owned enterprises' concerns about the failure of innovation. Only by reforming through reforms to become a real market micro -subject, can state -owned enterprises truly understand market demand and then take the lead in innovation. The subject of scientific research and industrial subjects can solve the problem of production research disconnection in order to develop scientific and technological achievements that solve market demand and suitable for industrialization.

Liu Mingyu, an associate professor of the Department of Applied Economics at the School of Management of Fudan University, believes that at present, state -owned enterprises are facing two major challenges to undertake science and technology tasks. The first challenge is the constraints of institutional and mechanisms facing state -owned enterprises, and lack flexibility in market competition.

Liu Mingyu believes that state -owned capital is a special type of capital. On the one hand, it is the owner of the owner, and on the other hand, the tasks undertaken have multiple target characteristics. The former allows the government to supervise through an agent chain to prevent the loss of state -owned assets. The investment and business process of state -owned enterprises must be subject to various strict supervision and regulations and institutional constraints. At the same time, state -owned enterprises not only have the economic goals of state -owned capital preservation and appreciation, but also have policy tasks. The development of state -owned enterprises should serve the national strategy and industrial policies.

However, the more targets for external exertion, the more rigid constraints, the lower the flexibility of the enterprise. Scientific and technological innovation requires enterprises to have a high degree of autonomy and rapid response ability in market actions and mechanism innovation.

The second challenge is the national and social levels of increasingly expected state -owned enterprises, and it has given it unbearable.

Liu Mingyu said: "State -owned enterprises' original policy tasks, such as developing strategic emerging industries, can be completed through the cooperation of state -owned capital and social capital to complete. The current expectation is to allow state -owned enterprises to bear more specific scientific and technological innovation. Task, the breakthrough and industrialization of key technology areas are a huge challenge for state -owned enterprises. The venture capital and industrialization operations of scientific and technological innovation need to play an entrepreneurial spirit. Its governance model and incentive The mechanism is very different from industries with mature periods. In the context of state -owned enterprises facing strong mechanism constraints, it is necessary to pay attention to the task of state -owned enterprises must have a reasonable boundary, otherwise it will produce impossible tasks. "

In Liu Mingyu's view, to avoid the above situation, we must clarify the nature of state -owned enterprises and the role of role -playing in the field of science and technology innovation.Liu Mingyu said that scientific and technological innovation has a long life cycle from basic research, application development to industrialization, industrial integration, and re -entrepreneurship. What links of state -owned enterprises are participating?Is state -owned enterprise participating in the government, promoting science and technology innovation projects, or going to a market entity with innovative competitiveness?Clarifying the role of state -owned enterprises in the field of science and technology innovation, then it can achieve the allocation of tasks and capabilities by limiting the scope of tasks and improving the mechanism of state -owned enterprises.Super major anchors are absent from 618, where the traffic goes, and the Zhengzhou red code incident rectification of excessive epidemic prevention needs institutional guarantee

- END -