Squatting point depth ｜ Standing at the third anniversary node, look at the Shandong Free Trade Zone

Author:Yunshang Jiaozhou Time:2022.08.26

● Practitioner

Wu Qianchen, general manager of Qingdao Parksheng Yuntong Cross -border Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd., the first cross -border e -commerce enterprise in Qingdao area:

"Since it is called a free trade pilot zone, it must be a place where trade is more convenient."

"With the development of cross -border e -commerce, the goods of the e -commerce platform will enter the customs from various ports nationwide ... What should I do if so many bulk import customs clearance procedures? Where can I not get it in a few days? A major point of restricting many places in the development of cross -border e -commerce trade: the problem of transportation of goods and platforms. "" We are actually the company introduced in Qingdao District, Shandong Pilotive Trade Pilot Zone to solve this blocking point ... "

● Investor

Wang Hui, the financial manager of Yantai's first batch of marine industry companies in Yantai District, Yantai Jinghai Ocean Fisheries Co., Ltd.:

A cage can raise 600 tons to 1,000 tons of fish, but it needs to invest about 70 million yuan. "This occupies a lot of our funds. The company wants to go to a bank to loan, and our biggest asset is the cage, but how it is determined by its value and ownership is a problem."

What should I do if there is no relevant investment and financing policy? From "0" to "1", the free trade area innovatively handle the nation's first marine confirmation ... the financing problem has been resolved.

● Manager

Xu Xishui, director of the Marine Economic Development Division of the Yantai District Marine Economic Development Bureau: "When we first built a free trade area, we had neither free trade thinking nor free trade consciousness. The management committee of the area is a government agency like counties and districts. "" For example, if you want to develop, you will find whether there is policy support. Development. "" The biggest policy of the Pilot Free Trade Zone is to provide a platform for you to try it out. "

Wei Yongfeng, deputy director of the Jinan District System Innovation Bureau: In the three years since the establishment of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, there are still constraints in institutional innovation, and the empowerment is not enough; Policy understanding and innovation ability have also been required.

● Three levels of the awareness of free trade and thinking

In the first floor, if you want to do one thing, do you have to have the views on the view, have other people have done it, and if there is no regulations for prohibiting others from doing it, you must think about how to start from scratch.

In the second floor, if others have started to do this, can it be better than them in the free trade zone, and where to break through innovation to the greatest extent.

On the third floor, if this matter, everyone has done a good job, can the free trade zone integrate the advantages of all aspects and optimize and innovate.

● Future Development Expert Suggestions

Kong Qingfeng, Chief Expert and Professor of the Institute of Research on the Free Trade Zone of Shandong University: In the future, the free trade pilot zone should further stimulate the vitality of innovation. It should also reform from the level of management and systems and move the "cheese" again. "Like Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou District, the market -oriented enterprise management is implemented. The number of departments is only about 10, but the momentum of development is very good. We can learn from these methods to further promote the reform of the free trade zone into the 'deep water zone'."

Bai Jie, Executive Director of the Economy Research Center of Shandong University of Finance and Economics: In addition to studying how to further stimulate the vitality of innovation, the Shandong Free Trade Pilot Zone should also start with the two aspects of how to better promote institutional innovation and expand institutional innovation. Future development issues.

Responsible for 112 national pilot tasks, fully implement negative list decentralization, and the most open -level national open platform in Shandong -from these labels, it is not difficult to see that the Shandong Free Trade Zone at 119.98 square kilometers is Special characteristics.

Time goes back to August 26, 2019. As the State Council officially approves the overall plan of the China (Shandong) Free Trade Pilot Zone, the construction of the Shandong Free Trade Pilot Zone was officially launched. Three years have passed, what are the awareness and feelings of all parties in the Pilot Free Trade Zone? Has the Pilot Free Trade Zone really achieved "the national test system and the development of the country"? The reporter went to the three areas of Jinan, Qingdao, and Yantai in the Shandong Free Trade Pilot Zone.

Open the trade link

The first batch of foreign trade practitioners: Here we can engage in the latest practice in the trade field

"Since it is called the Free Trade Pilot Zone, it must be a place where trade is more convenient." On August 17, when he first saw Wu Qianchen, general manager of Qingdao Parksheng Yuntong Cross -border Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd., he was busy opening An internal meeting of cross -border e -commerce.

As the first cross -border e -commerce enterprise in Qingdao District, Shandong Pilot Free Trade Zone, since its establishment in April 2020, Parksheng Yuntong has developed into small companies with only more than 1,000 import orders on the first day and developed into 50,000 import orders a day. Cross -border e -commerce service companies in the free trade area, and busy becoming Wu Qianchen's daily life.

Wu Qianchen has been responsible for the import affairs of foreign commodities for many years in a well -known e -commerce company in the south. Talking about the reason for choosing the Pilot Free Trade Zone, he opened the conversation box to the reporter.

He introduced that since the development of Internet technology has entered the public perspective around 2014, the cross -border e -commerce business philosophy has changed a lot. At the beginning, everyone thought that the development of cross -border e -commerce is to introduce some well -known head e -commerce platforms in the country. Imported products can be sold online, and the latest cross -border e -commerce concept is to introduce cross -border e -commerce service providers. All products are remitted together, and a service provider operates multiple e -commerce platforms. "With the development of cross -border e -commerce, the goods of the e -commerce platform will enter the customs from various ports across the country, and the import products of cross -border e -commerce are different from large commodities and are relatively decentralized. What should I do Where can I put it out? Who is transported in the middle? This is a major blocking point restricting many places in the development of cross -border e -commerce trade: the problem of transportation and platform connection. "" We are actually Qingdao District, Shandong Pilot The enterprise introduced in this block. We have a cross -border e -commerce bonded logistics warehouse. At present, Corola, Tmall, Pinduoduo and other domestic head e -commerce platforms are stored here. The logistics and customs management system only collects service fees for e -commerce platforms, but it saves many processes and procedures of the e -commerce platform. "Wu Qianchen introduced that because there are many categories of cross -border e -commerce trading products, and most of them are small. The problems encountered in China are more trivial than the commodities, involving many departments, and it takes a lot of communication costs. This is a great impact on the operation of a timeliness. The Qingdao Free Trade Zone has established a supporting coordination mechanism and built a public service platform. Through this mechanism and this platform, it can effectively solve the various problems encountered by Parkson Yuntong in actual operations.

"Our understanding of the new foreign trade business format of cross -border e -commerce is also a process of gradually deepening." Zhou Yuxiang, Minister of International Trade (Shipping Logistics), Minister of International Trade (Shipping Logistics), China (Shandong) Free Trade Zone. In the construction plan, the development direction of modern ocean, international trade, shipping logistics, modern finance, and high -end manufacturing is designed. Cross -border e -commerce, as a new format for international trade, is naturally the focus of the development of Qingdao Free Trade Zone.

"At the beginning, the Qingdao Free Trade Zone successfully introduced a number of domestic header e -commerce platforms, but it was strange that the trade volume of cross -border e -commerce has not increased greatly, and the entire industry has not been as expected as expected as expected. Realizing rapid development. "Zhou Yuxiang introduced that after conducting a large number of investigations of the Management Committee of Qingdao Free Trade Zone, it was found that although these well -known cross -border e -commerce platforms have a large sales on the entire network every day, because it is a national layout, and it is landing on the ground, and it is landing on the ground and landing on the ground. With the problem of connection between the links, Wu Qianchen will appear to have a blockbuster development point for cross -border e -commerce trade.

After learning about the development of the development of cross -border e -commerce trade, the Qingdao Free Trade Zone began to try and cultivate cross -border e -commerce service providers like Parksheng Yuntong. The issue of the cargo connection, while continuously improving landing services during the cultivation process, cross -border e -commerce platforms are increasingly preferred to import cross -border e -commerce products from Qingdao Free Trade Zone, which has formed a virtuous circle. "Zhou Yuxiang introduced that Qingdao is currently Qingdao. The cross -border e -commerce business volume of the port where the Free Trade Zone is located ranked among the top five in the country, and Parksheng Yuntong has also developed into the top five cross -border e -commerce comprehensive service providers in the Qingdao Free Trade Zone.

Investment is more convenient

The first batch of investors: the free trade zone solves the problem that plagues enterprises and even industry development

Near the end of the summer, the staff of Yantai passed the Hai Ocean Fishery Co., Ltd., located on the coast, was discussing the issue of the cultivation of new fish varieties.

Established for more than two years, the sea and ocean are the first batch of marine industry companies in the Yantai Free Trade Area, and it is also the first company in China to engage in far -reaching maritime breeding. Through the Pilot Free Trade Zone, they have solved a major problem that plagues enterprises and even future industry development.

"We are mainly breeding sea bass and black fish at the sea. The far -reaching sea breeding water circulation system is better, there are more wild bait, and the fish quality is better and the price is higher." Wang Hui, the company's financial manager, mentioned his own products Essence But back two years ago, it was such a far -reaching sea breeding project, but it made her company's financial person in charge of sorrow.

Wang Hui introduced that the far -sized intelligent breeding cage used by the sea and ocean is a equipment -type marine pasture. A cage can raise 600 tons to 1,000 tons of fish and can achieve automatic bait feed. The investment is also very high, about 70 million yuan in a cage. "This occupies a lot of our funds. The company wants to go to a bank to loan, and our biggest asset is the cage, but how it is determined by its value and ownership is a problem." Wang Hui said. After learning about this situation, the Marine Economic Development Bureau helped handle the nation's first marine confirmation. In June 2021, the company's first network was delivered, and the property right certificate was obtained on November 22.

"This is a breakthrough from '0' to '1'. The problem of the sea and ocean has been born as a new format, but there is no policy and standards to apply." Xu Xishui, director of the Development Division, participated in the entire process of solving the problem. He introduced that although marine pastures and seawater breeding have developed for many years, the past marine pastures are close to the sea, the cages are relatively small, the cost ranges from hundreds to tens of thousands of yuan, and it will not take up too much of the enterprise. How many mortgage financing needs, related policies will naturally lag. "There is a saying in the marine pasture industry. If you look at Shandong and Shandong, you can see the problem. If this problem is not resolved, then our free trade pilot zone will become empty talks." Xu Xishui introduced that the free trade area management committee organizes enterprises and enterprises and The institute issued the inspection specifications and promoted the provincial authorities to recognize this specification and solved the problem of confirmation of the marine industry. And this is also promoted nationwide as one of the innovative cases of the Shandong Pilot Zone.

Innovation also requires ecology

The first batch of managers: the free trade zone has contributed to the change of thinking mode

Xu Xishui, 40, has been deeply cultivated in the marine field for nearly 20 years. It is the first batch of construction and managers in the Yantai area of the Shandong Pilot Free Trade Zone. Speaking of the understanding of the Pilot Free Trade Zone, Xu Xishui admits that "has experienced a tortuous process."

"When we first built a free trade area, we had neither free trade thinking nor free trade consciousness. I always thought that the free trade pilot zone was a policy of a superior. Xu Xishui recalled, "For example, if you want to develop, you will find whether there is policy support. The state allows the state to do so, but in the free trade pilot zone, this idea will hinder industrial development."

After three years of construction, Xu Xishui has a new understanding of the concept of the "Pilot Free Trade Zone" and believes that it should focus on two places, freedom and test. And there are three levels of so -called free trade awareness and thinking: the first floor, if you want to do one thing, you need to see if there is no prohibited or not, if there are no regulations, and if there is no regulation, How to start from scratch. In the second floor, if others have started to do this, can it be better than them in the free trade zone, and where to break through innovation to the greatest extent. On the third floor, if this matter, everyone has done a good job, can the free trade zone integrate the advantages of all aspects and optimize and innovate.

"The biggest policy of the Pilot Free Trade Zone is to provide a platform for you to try it out." Xu Xishui, for example, said that because of the far -sea farming through the sea of the sea, compared with the common offshore breeding, the storms encountered will be greater. "A cage can raise 600 tons to 1,000 tons of fish. How much does he lose if there is a storm at sea?" Xu Xishui introduced, they thought of using insurance to avoid losses, but at that time In the field of insurance, the state also has strict standards for the insurance industry. If you want to solve the worries of the company in the way of insurance, it is not just a type of insurance, but also a new insurance category.

"If we dare not do this elsewhere, we don't dare to do it, and there is no policy to ask us to do this, but we have to do it in the Free Trade Pilot Zone." Xu Xishui said that there is a difficulty in setting up insurance types for deep -seawater breeding. How to evaluate the question, because it is difficult to obtain evidence. In order to solve this problem, the Yantai Free Trade Zone and relevant agencies have researched the use of meteorological data from the past 40 years, and the height of the wavy altitude calculated by the Yellow Bohai Sea as the standard plan. As long as the wind and waves at sea exceed this standard, the insurance company will give compensation for payments. Essence This is the "Bobe Index Insurance" created by the Shandong Pilot Zone in the country. Using this insurance, it was successfully compensated to 1.12 million yuan last year through the sea and the ocean. Affirmation.

While hot iron, Yantai area also launched a number of marine industry insurance such as policy marine carbon exchange index insurance and policy comprehensive index insurance. On June 28 this year, the nation's only marine insurance research and development center was established. Going to the forefront of the country.

"Innovation also requires ecology. The free trade test area uses a negative list formula decentralization and fault tolerance mechanism. Let us let go of our hands and feet. At the same time The two will form a motivation to continue to promote innovation. "Xu Xishui said.

Focus on the future: deepening reform and linkage innovation is the focus

After three years of construction, the 112 pilot tasks undertaken by the Shandong Free Trade Zone have been basically completed, forming 189 innovative results. Among them, one of the achievements was rated as the "Best Practice Case" nationwide, and four were promoted by the inter -joint meeting of the State Council's Free Trade Zone Working District Work Department. The test fields were innovative and high -yielded fields, with rich results.

"For the national trial system and the development of regional conspiracy, this positioning determines that institutional innovation is the key task of the free trade pilot zone." Wei Yongfeng, deputy director of the Jinan District Institutional Innovation Bureau of Shandong Free Trade Zone, believes that the Free Trade Pilot Zone has established three years since the establishment of three years The results of institutional innovation are indeed outstanding, but from the perspective of managers, there are still two constraints.

The first is that the empowerment is not enough. "From our perspective, conducting risk -controllable tests within the free trade zone is more beneficial for system innovation." Wei Yongfeng said.其次，自贸试验区目前进行制度创新的路径还是以问题为导向，瞄准企业遇到的问题去创新，这样做的优点明显，缺点也很突出，因为这对企业的政策理解和创新能力也提出Requirements. At present, many companies' understanding of the problem is still on the traditional demands of subsidies and tax discounts. The institutional deep -level demands are too small, which is also a restriction on the innovation of managers in the free trade pilot zone.

Wei Yongfeng mentioned that Kong Qingfeng, the chief expert and professor of the Research Institute of Shandong University Pilot Zone Research Zone recently thinking. He believes that with the facilitation of trade and the creation and promotion of other institutional innovation policies, the development of the free trade zone has gradually entered a new historical stage. In the future, the free trade pilot zone must further stimulate the vitality of innovation. , Move the "cheese" again. "Like Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou District, the market -oriented enterprise management is implemented. The number of departments is only about 10, but the momentum of development is very good. We can learn from these methods to further promote the reform of the free trade zone into the 'deep water zone'."

Bai Jie, executive director of the Emerging Economy Research Center of Shandong University of Finance and Economics, believes that in addition to studying how to further stimulate the vitality of innovation, the Shandong Free Trade Pilot Zone should also start with the two aspects of how to better promote institutional innovation and expand institutional innovation. Plan the issue of future development.

On August 23, the Yellow River Basin Free Trade Zone Alliance launched and opened high -quality development conferences to the outside world was held in Jinan. Shandong led the "group attack" of the free trade zone and the economic function zone along the Yellow 9 provinces, districts, and the economic functional zone. The spillover effect of the free trade zone jointly promotes the construction of the free trade zone to the "deep water zone".

Wei Yongfeng revealed that now the province has launched a draft of the implementation plan for the construction of a new round of free trade pilot zone, giving full play to the advantages of the platform of the free trade pilot zone, driving the high -quality development of the province in the province, and promoting "global free trade". one.

Let professional people do professional things

□ Our reporter Sun Yuanze

In an interview with the three areas of Jinan, Qingdao, and Yantai in the Shandong Pilot Zone, each company will ask their impression of their impression of the free trade zone. this phrase.

Su Lei, deputy general manager of Qingdao Zhongxu Trading Co., Ltd., who engaged in commodity trade, gave a very vivid example. He said that all companies engaged in commodity trade must be inseparable from futures transactions, and they will definitely involve the concept of "hedging trade". Other places outside the free trade zone, managers' response to this incident was: as a state -owned enterprise, Zhongxu was conducting high -risk speculative operations. But in fact, Zhongxu is doing risk management, so Su Lei, a manager, needs to explain what futures are, then explain how to use futures, and finally explain what is "hedging". Su Lei admitted that in fact, such a set of processes came down, he was no longer interested in talking about other issues. However, in the free trade zone, the commodity trade is done, and the staff of the management committee will directly ask Zhongxu to do the "hedging period preservation", how to manage the price risk, and the communication is more efficient and direct. "Tong passersby".

Wu Qianchen, the general manager of Bai Shengyun, also felt this, which is why he finally chose the Qingdao Free Trade Area. This actually revealed that there are asymmetric problems between the professional knowledge structure of some regional management personnel and the development situation of the industry.

In the new era, the country's openness is getting higher and higher, the exchanges between enterprises and the world are becoming more frequent, and the changes in the industry are getting faster and faster. The grasp of things put forward higher requirements.

Zhou Yuxiang of the Management Committee of Qingdao Free Trade Zone told reporters that when the Free Trade Zone Management Committee recruited staff at the beginning of construction, he specially invited a third party to evaluate the job adaptability. Academic academic theory and only grade theory, but comprehensive considerations, are not educated and can enter the management committee if they are high.

"Let professional people do professional", this standard should also be applied in other functional departments.