Natural gas: peak -cutting valley and "qi" technique

Text / Wang Yongliang Cao Mansheng Gao Yajie

The peak and valleys facing my country's natural gas consumption are becoming more and more severe, and the demand for peak adjustment is getting greater.

At present, the natural gas consumer market in China is in the situation of "high winter and less summer". The growth rate of gas in winter is much higher than the non -warming season. More obvious, the problem of peak valley facing is becoming more and more severe, and the demand for peak adjustment is getting greater.

Peak demand

From 2015 to 2021, China's "maximum consumption month" consumption increased by nearly 20 billion cubic meters, while the "minimum consumption month" natural gas consumption increased by about 12 billion cubic meters. Taking the monthly consumption of 2021 as an example, the consumption volume in the first half of the year increased by 30.5 billion cubic meters in the same period of the previous year, a year -on -year increase of 21%; about. In 2021, the natural gas market in China presents the phenomenon of "the off -season is not off, the peak season is stronger". In 2021, the high monthly gas consumption was 39 billion cubic meters (December), the low monthly gas consumption was 25.4 billion cubic meters (September).

Based on China's natural gas consumption and stable gas supply balance (monthly consumption-average annual consumption), the seasonal gas volume of different years is calculated. Taking 2021 as an example, the seasons were 20.3 billion cubic meters, accounting for 5.7%of the total consumption, a decrease of 1 percentage point from 2020. Most of the reduction of peak valley depends on the adjustment of the demand side, using the characteristics of users to reduce peak values, or optimization through demand side, including diversified applications on demand side and coordinated user methods to reduce peak differences. If the above method cannot achieve significant changes in peak valley differences, it is recommended to reduce the cost of peak adjustment through the optimization of peak adjustment methods and the means of upstream and downstream coordinated development, enhance the enthusiasm of peak adjustment, and then cope with the peak variable peak adjustment brought about. question.

Peak adjustment measure

Promote the development measures for electricity supplementation and gas electrical integration. At present, the duration load in summer is mainly hydropower and thermal power. Considering that summer is a period of natural gas consumption, the price of natural gas is at a relatively low level. The advantage of its peak adjustment has the basis of the development of gas and power. In addition, while locking natural gas resources, the nearby gas and electricity project near LNG receiving stations is the best mode to reduce costs. As of now, for the 5 LNG receiving stations under construction (Longkou, Jiangsu Binhai, Caofeidian, Tianjin Nangang, Zhangzhou LNG receiving station), if the future load of the power market is still concentrated in the southern region, and the summer load level in the Bohai Rim region is high It can be given priority to the construction of some peak -adjusting power plants near the new LNG receiving station to achieve the development of gas and electricity integration and increase the valley consumption of natural gas power generation.

Diverse measures for heating gas. The important reason for the large difference in natural gas consumer peak valley is the surge in heating gas in winter, so it is reasonably developed in areas with strong heating demand, and the "coal -to -gas" project is promoted in an orderly manner according to the production time and price level of the upstream projects. On the basis of the development of "coal to gas", we attach more importance to adapting to local conditions, implementing coal -to -clean energy work, and prioritizing the development of power heating and new energy use in areas with good economic conditions. The greater the pressure of natural gas. The main fuels of Chinese residents' heating include coal, natural gas, power, geothermal, industrial heat, biomass, etc. At present, the natural gas peak adjustment pressure caused by heating needs can be used to reduce the consumption of natural gas heating in winter. If the cost of reducing the gas supply is more difficult, it can optimize the heating method of heating. The heating source selection of residents should start from the perspective of the recycling economy of energy, fully realize the energy use of energy. , Realize the optimal use of heating source. When selecting the heating heat source, first consider the reuse of energy heat and biomass, and secondly consider discovering the resource endowment advantages of resource resource for local renewable energy, such as geothermal and solar energy. For clean energy such as electricity, coal should be used as a bottom line.

Thermal power -produced electric -thermal separation technology. China Gas Power Generation is mainly based on thermoelectrician production units, and the proportion of thermal power -producing units of the "Sanbei" region (Northeast, North and North China) is more than 80%. Due to the strong coupling relationship of the electric/thermal power output of thermal power unit, it is guaranteed in winter to ensure Heating, the upper and lower limits of the calories of the thermal power set are restricted, the peak adjustment capacity has been greatly reduced, and the thermoelectric contradictions are prominent. At the same time, due to the high fuel cost of gas units, it brings a lot of operating pressure to some power companies in the context of current terminal electricity prices. Therefore, to solve the problem of limited power of thermal power set, consider the transformation of thermal electro -electrocrifiers. The main goal of the thermal electronic coupling of the gas crew is to maximize the peak adjustment capacity of the unit and even break the traditional operation mode of "heat power" under the premise of ensuring certain heating. Essence The basic idea of ​​thermal electro -electrolysis is to replace the heating of the turbine with other thermal sources, reduce the heating power of the turbine, and then reduce the power generation power of the thermal power. Therefore, the reconstruction of thermal electrocrifien technology is of great significance for achieving the effective reduction of peak valley and promoting the green transformation of energy.

Related suggestions

Demand side management suggestions

The user's production plans are reasonably arranged through the peak management. Therefore, during the development of new users, guide users to put into operation in the off -season. In this way, there is sufficient time for the upstream gas supply to do a good job of production plan arrangements and coordinate the introduction of resources. Some chemical enterprises and industrial projects can regulate the market through winter maintenance or flexible market consumption characteristics, especially similar projects such as Yanshan Petrochemical and Cangzhou Dahua. "Peak cutting valley" for natural gas consumption. While promoting the "coal -to -gas" policy, it is recommended to pay attention to the cycle and scale of the replacement of natural gas devices reasonably, and fully negotiate with natural gas suppliers or gas companies to determine reasonable production planning plans and user production plans. Supply and price measures

Actively implement the scale of natural gas resources and reasonably deploy infrastructure. In addition to the resources guarantee of the supply side, infrastructure capabilities are also the key to solving the problem of peak transfer. Especially the natural gas has a strong dependence on infrastructure, and the incomplete market -oriented operating mechanism has led to the current progress of the construction of natural gas infrastructure far from keeping up with the pace of market demand, especially in the planning construction pipeline network, underground storage storage, and LNG reception During the station, it still relies on the supply driver. There is no clear market implementation foundation, which leads to a long market cultivation cycle and a limited degree of supply guarantee. Under the conditions of large -scale user investment, it makes infrastructure operators and gas source suppliers under pressure. Essence Therefore, it is recommended to encourage the formation of natural gas infrastructure projects "library capacity, pipe network, tank capacity" and the resource trading market, which can not only make the supply side "count in the heart", but also make the market demand party willing to use clean energy to promote the promotion of clean energy and promote the promotion Realization of carbon peak goals as soon as possible. Secondly, the market should promote the further improvement of the infrastructure and the lock -up and implementation of natural gas resources, and cooperate with the diversified guarantee measures on the demand side to promote the reasonable development and orderly guarantee of the natural gas market.

Gradually promote the marketization of natural gas price, and gradually liberalize non -residents and peaks and valleys. In recent years, the state has introduced a series of strong policies for natural gas supply control prices, and has done its best to ensure the demand for the people's electricity and heating. Local governments must also learn lessons from the previous violent "coal -to -gas" and "coal -to -electricity" to avoid "sports" law enforcement in the process of policy enforcement, especially in the field of people's livelihood safety. Standing first, then break, the principle of first -first construction, and fully consider the feasibility of policy implementation and the actual difficulties in the process of promotion.

Natural gas is an important part of the energy system, ensuring the smooth operation of natural gas, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the energy system, and to the greatest extent to ensure the market demand. Therefore The key should be based on the entire system of energy, and catch up with the demand side and the supply side. In the future, we should actively promote the integration of the power grid, coal net, and gas network to achieve complementary advantages between energy. From a large -scale considering consideration of energy in the country, from the perspective of a large energy perspective, the solid coal, invisible gas, and unable to touch the unity of electricity collaborative, solve the problem of uneven distribution of energy and time, and give full play to the characteristics and characteristics of various energy networks and the characteristics of each energy network. Flexible deployment capabilities, complement the advantages, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the energy system.

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