Tsinghua University Bai Zhongnan Talking Limited Electricity Limits: It is best to adjust the electricity price

Zhongxin Jingwei, August 20th. China Fortune Management 50 Men Forum (CWM50) 2022 Summer Summit was held on the 20th. Bai Chongen, Dean of the School of Economics Management of Tsinghua University and chairman of the Academic Committee of the 50 -person Forum of China Wealth Management, believes that it is best to solve the problem of electricity limit for power. However, it is hoped that the electricity price can reflect the cost of emission to a certain extent.

President Bai Zhongen, President of the School of Economics and Management of Tsinghua University and the chairman of the Academic Committee of the 50th National Management of China Wealth Management

At the meeting, Bai Chongen pointed out that the carbon neutralization is the long -term and the power market is a unified market. In the long run, there is a predictable institutional framework, which is particularly important. But when this system framework is not very complete, what problems do we encounter?

Bai Zhongen introduced that recently, because of the high temperature and a lot of air conditioning, the power consumption of industrial production has been affected to a certain extent. When the power supply is tight, how to configure the power of power has become a big problem.

The power limit in 2021 has caused a lot of losses to many enterprises because our configuration is basic administrative means. If the grass -roots government wants to be very purposeful to say which enterprises are low in power outages, they use less power, and power outage costs costs. If you are high, you can use more electricity, so that the government's requirements are too high, and you have to have a very deep understanding of all kinds of production procedures, and it is difficult to do it. However, if there is a price mechanism, it can be better to configure the power of the shortage. Some companies have completely destroyed the production line at a time. For them, the cost is very high, and there are some less extremes. The quality of the product is stable, and the power outage cost is very high for them.

"If the price mechanism is used, those companies with high power outage are preferred to pay a high price to ensure stable power supply, and the demand can be met. Enterprises with low power outage costs can be used less power when the electricity price rises. For enterprises, the adjustment of reasonable electricity prices is very important. "

Bai Chongen also introduced that the electricity is so nervous, then I hope to use clean power, such as wind power, photoelectric, etc., we have strong clean energy investment capacity, but also encounters some ecological constraints. Some places are suitable for wind power, but ecological ecology, but ecology It is said that it cannot be done, but in general, the constraint is to eliminate the ability.

There are also carbon tariffs. The European Union is discussing carbon tariffs. Although the measures have changed, the final implementation time has not yet been determined, but it is almost certain that it will be implemented in the end. It may be a big burden on Chinese enterprises exporting to the European Union.

In Bai Zhongen's view, if these issues are limited to the price mechanism, the efficiency will be higher; another way is to expand the production of electricity and expand the new energy consumption capacity of power production. Expand the production of coal power, but the production and construction cycle of coal power is very long, and the cost of retirement in advance will be very high. The best is to adjust the electricity price, but the electricity price is adjusted to a certain extent. The cost of emissions.

At the same time, the efficiency of new energy use is not enough from the ability to eliminate. Why is it not enough? On the one hand, the power grid needs to be transformed, and a supporting network is required. Because the place where new energy is generated is not the same as the traditional power generation place. Originally, the grid was serving coal power. Now there are new energy sources in other areas, so the new power grid has costs. To build energy storage and peak adjustment capabilities, new energy is unstable, so it is necessary to become a stable power supply, and energy storage and peak adjustment. Who will bear this cost? When switching between multiple power sources, the power grid needs high security, intelligence, and stability. This also puts forward high requirements for the grid, and there are a lot of investment required.

But who will bear these costs? Bai Chongen believes, "If the price of the power does not reflect the cost of these investment, the power grid has no enthusiastic investment. You can bother him to invest, but it is not sustainable for a long time, so we want the construction of the network to improve the intelligence of the power grid to improve the intelligence of the power grid. The cost of strongness is reflected in electricity prices. "

Bai Chongen emphasized that the problem of limiting power limit, the problem of insufficient ability to eliminate the new energy, and the problem of carbon tariffs require us to establish a relatively complete carbon set system. The price must be linked, otherwise many problems facing them will not be solved. "Of course, the price of electricity is particularly important, because a large part of our carbon dioxide emissions (about 40%) comes from power generation. If this problem is not solved, it is very difficult to achieve carbon neutrality." Bai Zhongen said.

However, Bai Zhongen said that the electricity price to reflect the cost of emissions should be selected with carbon pricing, but the resistance of the electricity price is very large. The reason is that when the electricity price is reforming, if the electricity price reflects the cost of emission, the electricity price will rise. Consumers are obviously unwilling to accept such changes, and producers are also worried that they have lost their global competitiveness.

Is there any way to solve it? Bai Zhongen concentrated on the carbon emissions trading market.

Bai Zhongen suggested that imagining changing the right to emitting rights is not to give the emission right to power generation companies, but to give the emission right to users, including consumers and electricity producers. After giving users, power generation companies need to be discharged by power generation to discharge the right to discharge. What should I do? Acquire these emission rights from the market. If the market is operating very effective, then a price will be set, and the demand for the right to emit power in power generation enterprises can be obtained through acquisition. So is power generation companies unhappy? Of course, it is given free of charge now, but there is a cost after the acquisition. However, if the electricity price is allowed to be adjusted, the cost of acquiring emission rights can be adjusted by electricity prices, so it will not have a particularly large negative impact on power generation companies. For electricity -consuming companies, when the price of emission rights goes up, electricity prices have risen. However, on the other hand, it has obtained the right to emission, the price of emission rights has risen, and the income of the sale of emission rights has risen. If these two can be designed, they can hedge well.

Bai Chongen said, so the cost of user enterprises has been up, and the transaction price of emission rights is heed. Change, the impact on everyone will not be too great. "(Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

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