The primary factor that hinders fertility, the fertility allowance of unmarried women's feminine ... Multi -departmental response is concerned!

According to the website of the National Health and Health Commission, on the morning of August 17, the National Health and Health Commission held a press conference to introduce the relevant situation of the "Guiding Opinions on Further Importing and Implementing Active Paternal Support Measures" (hereinafter referred to as "Guidance Opinions").

[The supply of inclusive care services in my country has continued to expand]

Du Xixue, the State Department of the National Health and Health Commission, introduced that from 2020-2022, the Development and Reform Commission and the Health and Health Commission continued to carry out special actions for inclusive care services and issued 2 billion yuan in central budgets to drive local governments and social investment More than 5 billion yuan, a total of 200,000 new trustees, promoting the increase in effective supply of inclusive care services. Health and health departments at all levels have further promoted the combination of medical education, and strengthened business guidance, consulting services, and supervision and inspection of health care work for the care institutions; Health management, etc., actively popularize scientific parenting knowledge, and provide scientific parenting services for childcare institutions and parents.

However, my country's modern childcare service system has been from scratch after all, and it starts late. Although some progress has been made in the past two years, as of the end of 2021, the number of people per 1,000 is 2.03, and it will reach the end of the "14th Five -Year Plan" period to reach the end of the "14th Five -Year Plan" period. There is still a small gap in 4.5 goals, and there is a certain distance from the expectations of the people. The "Guidance Opinions" further clarified specific measures from the aspects of reducing the operating costs of nurturing institutions and improving the quality of childcare services. Focusing on the established goals, all localities and relevant departments will work together to accelerate the pace of promoting the construction of the childcare service system, and make due efforts to implement active fertility support measures.

[Inf infants and young children are unattended is the primary factor that hinders fertility]

Hao Fuqing, deputy director of the Social Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission and the first -level inspector, introduced that domestic surveys show that unmanned care of infants and young children is the primary factor that hinders fertility. There are about 1/3 of families in the city. But in reality, we are still inadequate, especially the inclusive service supply is indeed a shortcoming. Studies in all aspects, including international experience, also show that development of childcare services has a significant effect on reducing family burden and improving fertility willingness.

Photography: "China Economic Weekly" Chief Photography Reporter Xiao Yan

In order to support the development of childcare services, the "Guidance Opinions" focuses on working on five keywords. These five keywords are "basic, inclusive, investment, charging, and burden reduction."

Basic is to strengthen basic public services. The "Guidance Opinions" proposes to expand the function of community education service, improve basic public service facilities such as infants and young children, implement public childcare service capacity building projects, and highlight the basic livelihood guarantee for young education.

Inclusion is to focus on increasing inclusive services. Develop public childcare institutions, encourage social forces to invest, support employers to organize, build community service outlets, explore the family education model, and can also extend downward in kindergartens. Channels encourage multi -party participation to effectively expand the supply of inclusive care services.

Investment is to increase investment support. Broaden the scope of the application for childcare construction projects, the central budget investment gives construction subsidies, and give appropriate support for qualified inclusive projects. Through the support guidance of central investment, local governments and social forces have increased their investment and jointly strengthen the capacity building of the nursery service industry.

The charging is to standardize all kinds of services. Clarify the charging standards of public childcare institutions to be formulated by local governments, strengthen the supervision of the charges of inclusive care institutions, and reasonably determine the price of childcare services.

Reducing the burden is to reduce the burden on the operation of the institution. In addition to the support of the investment special investment in the central budget, the hydropower heat of the nursery institution is implemented according to the price of residents' living categories, and the local area must also introduce a package of policy to support the development of nursery institutions. Emergency response mechanism, implement the rescue policy during the epidemic.

[Increase the precise guarantee for the public rental housing of multi -child family]

Pan Wei, deputy director of the Housing Security Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban -Rural Development, introduced that families with subsistence allowances and low -income housing difficulties have basically achieved their best guarantees, and the living conditions of other households in other housing income have been effectively improved. As of the end of last year, 1.114 million families with minor children were helped through public rental housing security, 69,300 children, and 23,000 families with special difficulties solved housing problems.

Photography: "China Economic Weekly" Chief Photography Reporter Xiao Yan

In the next step, the Ministry of Housing and Urban -Rural Development will continue to supervise and urge localities to further regulate the development of public rental housing. With the opportunity of the introduction of the "Guidance Opinions", it will increase the accurate guarantee of public rental housing of multi -children family. There are three main support:

First, when renting public rental housing, families who meet the conditions and have underage children can give appropriate care in the selection of units according to the number of their minor children.

The second is to optimize the rule of public rental houses and rent distribution rules, incorporate the number of families and composition into the factors of waiting or comprehensive scores, and can directly organize housing selection for families with qualified and children.

The third is to improve the policy of public rental housing. If the family population, employment, and children's learning need to generate needs, the replacement is given in a timely manner according to the situation of the listing.

[Exploring the coverage of flexible employment personnel into maternity insurance]

Liu Juan, deputy director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau Treatment Security Department, introduced that in recent years, the number of insureds for maternity insurance has continued to increase, and the coverage has also expanded. In 2021, the number of fertility insurance participants reached 240 million, which was 1.5 times that of 2012. The medical expenses that occur in the fertility of women who are not employed and flexible employment can be reimbursed by participating in basic medical insurance in accordance with regulations. In this "Guidance", it is clearly stated that the place can explore the coverage of flexible employment in maternity insurance. There are three main considerations:

The first is to improve and improve the system. With the development of the new business and the new economy, all parties are concerned about the social security issues of flexible employment. Because flexible employees do not have a fixed employer, they are not in the legal coverage of maternity insurance. Exploring flexible employment personnel participation in maternity insurance is conducive to improving the system, and also reflects the tolerance of the policy.

The second is to protect the fertility of flexible employment. Most women in flexible employees are at the age of fertility. They allow flexible employees to participate in maternity insurance and enjoy maternity allowances, which is conducive to strengthening the relevant protection of fertility.

The third is to promote female employment in flexible employment. Flexible employment personnel are unstable, and income during fertility may be affected to a certain extent. Incorporating it into the scope of protection, it is conducive to alleviating the worries of their fertility. In addition, the local area has also carried out a certain practice exploration, incorporated flexible employment personnel into the guarantee of maternity insurance, participated in maternity insurance simultaneously while participating in employee medical insurance, and enjoyed maternity allowances. The practical effect was good. The "Guidance" further clarified the direction of exploration and better guarantee the right to the medical and fertility guarantee of flexible employment.

[Some reporters asked, the "Guidance Opinions" proposed the national unified standards and formulated a policy of improving maternity insurance for maternity and maternity allowances. What tasks involved in the unified regulatory policy involved? When will the policy be introduced? At present, the maternity allowance covers 98 days of national statutory maternity leave in accordance with the law. Now the local fertility leave also includes fertility award leave and spouse to accompany maternity leave. Some places also explore parental parental leave. Is it possible for these holidays to enjoy maternity allowances? In addition, the issuance of maternity allowances has proposed pre -favors such as marriage certificates, so that some unmarried but fertility women may have obstacles to apply for maternity allowances. Do you consider unifying these thresholds? .

According to Liu Juan, deputy director of the National Medical Insurance Bureau Treatment Security Department, from the perspective of international conditions, my country's national statutory maternity leave has reached the 14 -week standard stipulated by the International Labor Organization Convention on Maternity Organization. In the above convention standards. In general, the protection is better. The "Guidance Opinions" proposed that the national unified norms and formulated and improved the improvement of maternity insurance and maternity allowances are mainly considered:

The first is to adhere to basic guarantees. In the field of social security, we must adhere to the unity and normality of the system. We must do their best, but also do their best to make a plan and possibility. The improvement of the guarantee guarantee of maternity insurance must not only take into account the fund's support ability, but at the same time, it must reflect the direction of actively supporting fertility.

The second is the gap between the treatment between the balanced area. In recent years, with the adjustment and optimization of population policies, some new fertility reward leaves have been set up in addition to national statutory maternity leave, as well as comrades' accompanying leave, including parental leave, including parenting leave. On the whole, the holidays of various places are different and different. Especially in the practice of equity protection, there are also different practices, and the level of treatment between regions is uneven, which can easily lead to comparison between regions and people.

The third is to promote women's fair employment. Practice has shown that too long holidays may bring fertility concerns of professional women, increase women's employment discrimination, is not conducive to fair employment of men and women, and then affects women's fertility willingness. Policies and responsibilities shall jointly build a positive fertility support system.

In the local setting of maternity rewards, the "Guidance Opinions" requires the state to uniformly regulate and formulate a policy of payment of maternity insurance for maternity allowances.

Regarding the threshold for receiving maternity allowances, the social insurance law follows the rights and obligations of rights and obligations. As long as the liability for the payment of maternity insurance is fulfilled, there is no threshold at the national level. The relevant materials you need to provide do not require those materials you just mentioned. We also understand that there may be some places that provide requirements for maternity services related materials, and we will follow up with relevant departments to follow the relevant situation to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of participants.

[Encourage the implementation of flexible working methods to promote the creation of family friendly workplace]

Hong Sha, deputy minister of the female employee department of the National Federation of Trade Unions, introduced that the employment environment of friendly friendship is conducive to employee balance work and family relationships. The "Guidance Opinions" proposes to encourage flexible work methods, promote the creation of family -friendly workplace, and effectively maintain labor. Related measures such as employment legitimate rights and interests.

In the next step, we will focus on building a friendly employment environment to help employees solve the worries of fertility. We will also focus on three aspects.

The first is to strengthen the source participation, and use the implementation of the 10th anniversary of the implementation of the "Special Regulations for the Protection of Women's Workers' Labor Protection" to further promote the improvement of the protection of the rights and regulations of women's employee rights and interests.

The second is to focus on employees' concerns, and effectively do a good job in the construction of a female employee's rest and breastfeeding room to better meet the needs of female employees during pregnancy and lactation.Contract, formulate an institutional mechanism that is conducive to employee balance and family responsibilities.The third is to give play to the role of labor union's labor legal supervision, and do a good job of supervision and inspection of the implementation of the laws and regulations and policies of female employees' rights and interests.At the same time, promote and participate in special law enforcement inspections, and urge employers to implement relevant laws and regulations.

Responsible editor | Yang Lin

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