Breaking records at high temperatures increased sharply: Baoqiu grain harvest is the primary task of "three rural" work in various places

The 21st Century Business Herald reporter Li Sha Beijing reported that according to the news of the China Meteorological Administration on August 17, the National Climate Center's monitoring and evaluation found that the average intensity, impact scope and duration of the high -temperature heat wave event will be comprehensively considered. The comprehensive intensity of regional high -temperature events so far has reached the strongest meteorological observation record in 1961.

As of August 15, the high temperature incident has lasted for 64 days. It covers 1680 stations above 35 ° C and 1426 stations above 37 ° C, all of which are the second most in history. Essence

The China Meteorological Administration predicts that the duration of the regional high -temperature heat wave event in the next 10 days will continue to be extended, and the comprehensive intensity will be further enhanced.

It is the critical period for the formation of autumn grain production. What is the impact of regional continuous high temperature on the production of autumn grain this year? How to reduce the impact of high temperature weather on food production?

Continuous high temperature brings challenges to the production of autumn grains

The whole year of food is divided into three seasons, namely summer grains, early rice and autumn grains. Summer grains have harvested in harvest. At present, early rice in various places has also been harvested, and local area early rice is slightly affected by flood disasters. However, in general, Fu Linghui, a spokesman for the National Bureau of Statistics and Director of the Comprehensive Statistics of the National Economic Economic Affairs, introduced at the press conference a few days ago that preliminary estimates that this year's early rice production is basically comparable to the previous year.

Autumn grain is the big head of food production throughout the year, accounting for 75%. Corn and rice are the main crops of autumn grains. According to the news on August 12, the area of ​​rice planting this year has increased from the previous year, and the growth is better.

It is still more than forty days before the harvest of autumn grain, which is the critical period for the formation of autumn grain production. According to the China Meteorological Administration, the high temperature weather in the south will continue in the next two weeks, bringing severe challenges to the production of autumn grain.

Li Hongchao, a corn analyst at the Shanghai Steel Union Agricultural Products Division, said that at the 21st Century Business Herald reporter, it is currently the critical period of corn growth. The impact of high temperature on corn growth is mainly reflected in the pollination stage, which will affect the success rate and form granulation.

Li Hongchao said that at present, corn growth in the Northeast has entered the Twisse period and will start pollination. At present, the impact of high -temperature weather on corn growth is not obvious, but if high temperature continues in the later period, it may affect the pollination rate and plant growth.

Relatively speaking, the growth period of rice has higher temperature and water requirements, and rice is the largest ration variety in my country. The south is my country's main rice planting area, which is relatively obvious due to high temperature.

Yue Xunfan, a rice analyst at the Shanghai Steel Union Agricultural Products Division, told the 21st Century Economic Herald reporter that at present, the growth of rice rice in various regions is different, and the regenerative rice is sporadic. The humidity is particularly sensitive. Recent continuous high temperatures have a certain impact on rice that is in the growing period.

Specifically, Yue Yanfan said that in high temperature weather during the flowering period, the rice can easily cause the empty valley and reduce the strong rate; the high temperature during the grouting period may stop the development of rice grains, resulting in the phenomenon of loose rice quality and the deterioration of rice quality. In serious cases It will cause production. At present, high temperatures may lead to delayed harvesting phenomenon and expected production reduction expectations.

According to the China Meteorological Administration, as of August 16, some areas in the Yangtze River Basin have no rain for more than 20 days. Most of the high temperature days of the basin exceeded 15 days, and the middle and lower reaches of the area exceeded 30 days. The drought area of ​​6 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Basin, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, and other 6 provinces and cities, which were 9.67 million mu, and 180 small and medium -sized reservoirs were lower than or close to dead water levels.

A villager in Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province told reporters that there are many recent arid weather in Anhui. According to its understanding, high temperature and rain and rain have a significant impact on the growth of surrounding rice and corn. As the reservoir is near, it can be irrigated in time. At present, the rice level is still available, but the water level of the reservoir has also dropped significantly, "three or four meters".

Recently, Chongqing has attracted widespread attention due to the maximum temperature of 40 degrees. As of August 16, the highest temperature of Chongqing Shapingba Station exceeded 40 degrees for 9 consecutive days. A villager in Yijiang District, Chongqing told reporters that the harvest of rice in its surrounding areas has entered the stage of sweeping, and the output is roughly comparable to previous years.

"Recently, the month in the coming month is drought and rain, but the rice is almost mature at that time. The output of the surrounding rice is not affected by high temperature." The aforementioned villagers said.

Prevent high temperature drought and dry autumn grain harvest

How to reduce the impact of high temperature weather on autumn grain production? Guo Li Ping, a researcher at the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, shared three overall principles to the 21st Century Business Herald reporter.

First, it is irrigated in time to adjust the temperature with water; the second is to spray the phosphorus leaf phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and plant growth regulator to enhance the resistance of the plant and reduce the impact of high temperature; the third is the artificial assistance pollination and reduce the effects of high temperature heat damage.

At present, all departments and localities attach great importance to the impact of high temperature and drought on the production of autumn grain, and have launched a series of targeted measures. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs released the "Southern Rice High -temperature thermal Dispiration Technical Opinions" and "Technical Opinions on High -temperature and Disaster Disaster Prevention and Mergence" on August 9 and August 10, respectively.

In terms of high temperature and heat damage prevention and control of rice, the document starts with four aspects: water temperature adjustment, scientific fertilization, leaf surface pursuit, and strengthening monitoring. Plan, classification guidance, scientific discharge irrigation, auxiliary pollination, reasonable topical and monitoring and early warning, etc., and give specific operational guidelines. On August 12, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the China Meteorological Administration will discuss the production of autumn grain, hoping that the meteorological department can earn more accurate disaster early warning information in order to take more timely and more disaster prevention and mitigation measures to seize the disaster prevention and mitigation measures in a timely manner to seize the full effort Autumn grain and agricultural harvest. On the same day, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs held a special meeting of the leaders of the Ministry of Agriculture, emphasizing that it was necessary to not relax and grasp the disaster prevention and production of agricultural disaster and autumn grain.

High temperature weather continues, and the Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Ministry attaches great importance to it. 10 experts are sent to key provinces to conduct tour guidance. On August 13, the notice was urgently issued to further deploy high -temperature drought and dry harvest. At the same time, the work group and 12 science and technology teams were sent to the key provinces of autumn grains and key areas affected by high -temperature droughts to guide the implementation of key measures for disaster -keeping harvests and strive to reduce disaster losses.

"In various places, we must take the prevention of high temperature, dry and dry autumn grain as the primary task of the current" agriculture and rural "work, strengthen organizational leadership, implement responsibilities to city, county townships, implement them, and implement early preparations for disaster relief materials and technical measures to households to households. Tian, ​​actively reserve drought -resistant water sources, mobilize all forces to invest in high temperature, drought -protection and harvest. "

The Ministry of Water Resources and Emergency Management Department also conducted relevant deployment. For example, in response to the severe drought in the Yangtze River Basin, recently issued a notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Water Resources, emphasizing the need to comprehensively implement the responsibility of the main body of the rural water supply protection, the responsibility of the industry supervision of the water administrative department, and the operation responsibility of the operation of the water supply unit, and further implement the irrigation area of ​​irrigation water supply guarantee responsibilities. Strengthen agricultural water supervision.

At present, various localities have actively carried out drought resistance. For example, the Anhui Provincial Agricultural and Rural Department held a video conference on the work of high temperature and drought disasters in the province on August 14th, emphasizing the classification guidance, water source scheduling, diseased insect prevention and control, scientific renewal, stable breeding industry Develop five drought -resistant seedlings centers. Relevant departments in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, Chongqing and other places also conducted targeted deployment to win the harvest of autumn grain.

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