Under the background of dual -loop digital trade, high -quality development analysis of the development of digital trade

1. The current situation of high -quality development of digital trade in the background of dual cycle

As a new trend of international trade development, digital trade has played an important role in stabilizing employment, promoting industrial upgrading, and reshaping development pattern. In the context of dual cycles, the domestic and international markets are mutually promoted and deeply integrated. With the rapid development of digital technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, digital trade has strengthened the sharing of knowledge and technical elements between industries, which has spawned a large number of trade new trade new new trade new trade. Formats, new models, and new changes, digital trade will surely become a new engine for dual -cycle development.

1. The scale of digital trade has steadily improved, and the policy environment has continued to improve

UNCTAD data shows that my country's digital trade scale increased from US $ 126.618 billion in 2010 to US $ 293.985 billion in 2020, an increase of 132%over 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 8.79%. In the year, the value of digital trade exports in my country will reach 5 trillion yuan. The rapid growth of trade has benefited from the development of mobile payment technology and the popularity of the Internet. In addition, my country's 5G technology will start a new era of the Internet of Things and expand the development space of digital trade. During the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period, my country mentioned digital trade in 19 laws and regulations, policies and measures, including macro deployment, network security, data governance, first trial, industry promotion and other dimensions. Policy system framework. In the beginning of the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan", 24 departments including the Ministry of Commerce issued the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Service Trade Development Plan ". Essence Vigorously developing digital trade and building a strong country has become an important national strategy.

2. Digital trade content is continuously rich, and cross -border e -commerce has become the backbone of China

In the context of dual cycles, the degree of integration of domestic trade and foreign trade is expected to increase, the scope of international trade has continued to expand, and trade varieties such as digital products, services, and data information have further increased. Digital trade content is expected to further expand.

The new coronary pneumonia's epidemic has enabled many countries to adopt strict trade restrictions, which to a certain extent has promoted the development of digital trade with the Internet as a medium and no personnel contact. Especially with the help of information communication technology represented by the Internet, China's cross -border e -commerce industry has developed very rapidly in recent years and has become a global e -commerce country. In 2021, China's cross -border e -commerce imports and exports were 1.98 trillion yuan, an increase of 15%year -on -year. Chinese e -commerce companies occupy 4 in the top 15 worldwide. Alibaba has become the top three e -commerce companies in the world. The development level of China's cross -border e -commerce industry is also second only to the United States. The backbone and dominant industries.

3. The pace of the construction of free trade zone is accelerating, and the participation of SMEs is continuously improved

Since the establishment of the Shanghai Free Trade Pilot Zone in September 2013, the state has announced 21 free trade pilot zones. On the whole, the layout of my country's free trade zone has achieved full coverage of coastal provinces, forming an open -edge zone to the outside world, and fully exerting the spillover effect of coastal areas along the coast, helping the new development pattern of dual -cycle and leading the direction of international digital trade. The establishment of the free trade zone is not only an important manifestation of my country's opening up, but also an important carrier for exploring institutional opening up, which has a profound impact on promoting the development of digital trade in my country.

During the traditional trade period, SMEs often encounter unfair competition rules and high trade barriers due to their weak competitiveness. With the establishment of the free trade zone, trade barriers have gradually decreased, and small and medium -sized enterprises participating in trade activities have increased, and SMEs pay more attention to products of product research and development and innovation, and produce products that are more in line with market demand. The rapid development of small and medium -sized enterprises in the digital trade field has promoted the interrelationship between industry, continuously improving the relevant industrial system, thereby promoting the rapid development of digital trade.

Second, the high -quality development of digital trade in the background of dual -cycle

Although the overall development momentum of digital trade in my country is good, due to factors such as economic development and international environment, my country's digital trade development still faces many problems under the background of double cycle.

1. Infrastructure construction needs to be strengthened, and the core technology self -sufficiency rate is low

At present, my country's digital infrastructure and technical level are relatively weak compared with developed countries. Many key core hardware equipment and core technologies are relatively low in self -sufficiency and need to be introduced from developed countries. Secondly, although my country's broadband coverage rate has increased year by year and the speed of the network has been greatly improved, there is still a certain gap with developed countries. In addition, the popularization rate of fixed broadband in the vast rural areas of my country needs to be improved, and the speed and stability of urban mobile networks need to be improved. Generally speaking, in the related fields of digital infrastructure and core technologies, there are still obvious gaps between China and developed countries, which to a certain extent restrict the interconnection of the digital trade industry chain supply chain.

2. The construction of digital trade rules is facing international barriers

The continuous advancement of economic globalization has rapidly expanded digital trade globally. In order to obtain and maintain a competitive advantage in emerging areas, some countries adopt a series of measures or set up digital trade barriers, including cloud computing restrictions, network filtering and interception, online telephone services , Domain name rules, cross -border data transfer, localization of data, restrictions and encryption of online television and entertainment social software, and restrictions on network payment services. The setting of these digital trade barriers has greatly limited the flow of Chinese cross -border data, hindered the freedom and equal development of China's foreign digital trade activities, and the overseas market share that affects China's digital trade. In the new development pattern of dual -cycle, the development of digital trade in my country in the future should first gradually break various barriers and establish a set of international rules system that regulates digital trade development. 3. Digital service trade competitiveness is weak, and the international market share is low

The high -quality development of digital service trade is an important part of the high -quality development of digital trade. The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Service Trade Development Plan "clearly states that economy and society are undergoing digital development baptisms, greeting digital development challenges and opportunities, and promoting to promote. In -depth integration of service trade and digital economy. However, my country's digital service trade competition is weak. According to UNCTAD data, in 2019, my country's information technology products exports account for 30.31%in the world market, which is much higher than the United States (6.59%). The proportion of exports in the world market is only 4.50%, which is far lower than the United States (16.73%). The international market share of digital service trade is low. Specifically, my country's financial, intellectual property use fees, and cultural and entertainment services export account for only 0.75%, 1.62%, and 1.46%. Digital service trade has become an important factor in restricting the high -quality development of digital trade.

4. Data cross -border free circulation is blocked, data value utilization and utilization rate are not high

Digital trade is mainly driven by the circulation of cross -border data. However, countries have not reached consensus on cross -border circulation of data, and have not yet formed an open and fair cross -border data management system. With the intensification of the instability of the international situation in recent years, countries have adopted trade protection measures to build a digital trade barrier, which seriously hindered the free circulation of cross -border data. At the same time, the data itself needs to transform the information value in order to transform into resources that can be directly used. However, in reality, the data property rights form and operation methods have changed dramatically. The existing property rights theory cannot make a reasonable explanation of it, resulting in data The limited value of use is not conducive to the development of digital trade in China.

3. Countermeasures for the high -quality development of digital trade in the background of dual -cycle

1. Accelerate the adjustment of the income distribution and unblock the large domestic cycle

Building a new development pattern with domestic large cycles as the main body and the domestic and international dual cycles promotes each other, which means that internal circulation is needed to drive external circulation and expand domestic demand. China has a large population, the consumer market is broad, and the potential for domestic demand is huge. However, the per capita disposable income level of residents in my country is low, and it is difficult to meet higher -level consumption needs such as digital products and digital services. Therefore, we must focus on adjusting the current income distribution pattern, improve the market mechanism, expand the channels of residents 'investment wealth management, increase residents' income, consolidate the foundation of domestic demand, and help the development of internal circulation. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of residents' consumption level, higher requirements have been put on the quality of products and services, and new consumption models represented by online shopping and online services should be worked. Release consumer digital dividends, continuously increase the effective supply of consumption of health, medical care, pension, education and other industries, and stimulate the vitality of the whole society.

2. Accelerate the construction of new digital infrastructure and help technological innovation

To promote the high -quality development of digital trade, on the one hand, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of new digital infrastructure and provide the foundation for digital trade. Promote the popularization of urban network upgrades and the popularization of rural broadband networks, promote the construction of digital infrastructure such as 5G base stations, big data, and Internet of Things, and achieve full coverage of 5G networks in key areas such as central cities and transportation hubs to achieve data under the dual cycle. The free flow of elements lays a solid hardware foundation. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen independent innovation, increase support for core technologies such as chips and semiconductors, encourage relevant high -tech enterprises to increase capital investment and technology research and development, and provide technical support and guarantee for the long -term development of digital trade. At the same time, the integration of digital technology and traditional enterprises helps traditional enterprises intelligent, network, and digital transformation, and increase the added value of digital trade products.

3. Promote the establishment of international rules for digital trade and enhance international discourse rights

In the context of the new development of dual -cycle, my country should actively "go out", participate in international cooperation in digital trade, and enhance the right to speak in the formulation of international rules for digital trade. Specifically, we must handle the balance of development and supervision. We should continue to adhere to the concept of digital governance and continuously tolerance and innovation. The second is to promote the improvement of the data factor trading market. my country should rely on the influence in international organizations to actively participate in the global multilateral digital trade rules negotiations and data cross -border mobile supervision international cooperation, promote cross -border free flow of data, and reduce digital trade barriers among countries. The third is to accelerate digital trade legislation. Accelerate the dynamic adaptation adjustment of digital trade related regulations and policies, promote the "reform and waste" of digital trade laws and regulations, and prioritize the contradiction between the old regulations and the new format.

4. Strengthen the opening of service trade and promote digitalization of service trade in my country. Although the scope of the service industry has continuously expanded and the quality of openness has been continuously increased in recent years, in general, the level of service trade openness still needs to be improved.Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of China's service trade platform, promote the establishment of a digital trade pilot zone, learn from advanced international experience, and continuously optimize the business environment, so that the domestic service industry and international high standards are compatible.Second, we must strengthen the penetration of the digital economy to serve trade, promote the application of new models such as online education and remote medical care, promote the rise of new formats such as e -commerce, sharing economy, and digital payment, accelerate the upgrading of digitalization of traditional services trade, improve digital service trade tradequality.(Text/Nanjing Normal University Business School Ding Zizhen, Gao Pengcheng)

- END -