Is the prefabricated dish "Zhenxiang" or a "virtual fire"?Reporter in -depth observation

The food raw materials are made into semi -finished products or finished products, and then with various auxiliary materials as needed. This is the current hot prefabricated dishes.

The fire of prefabricated dishes has been burned for more than a year, and it is still hot. According to the company's investigation data, as of January 27, 2022, my country's prefabricated dishes have reached 68,100. This increases tens of thousands of more than two years ago.

Behind the outlet of the prefabricated dishes, Yangguang.com recently investigated that the prefabricated dishes sold on online sales have the phenomenon of chaos in the prefabricated period, and the prefabricated dishes have not been notified in advance. Focusing on food safety and business integrity of prefabricated vegetable products, consumers are controversial.

A few days ago, the "Analysis of the Corporate Acceptance of the National Consumers Association in the first half of 2022" released by the Chinese Consumers Association showed that the prefabricated dish logo was unknown, and the use of prefabricated dishes in takeaway and eating in the hall became a hot spot for complaints. Consumers knew the right to know the truth. , Highlights such as damage to selection.

These issues have long aroused the attention of relevant departments. Since April this year, the prefabricated dishes have been introduced in the prefabricated provinces such as Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong and other prefabricated vegetable industries.

According to Zhu Danpeng, vice president of the Guangdong Food Safety Promotion Association, the government's intervention is very timely and targeted and necessary. The rise of the industry requires the standardized and blessings of the policy end, so that the entire industry will develop in the direction of standardization, professionalization, branding and large -scale directions. It must have top -level design.

Chaotic shelf life

On July 17 this year, a 19 -hour live broadcast made Luo Min, the founder and CEO of the Qudian Group, and the prefabricated dishes of the Qundian.

Public information shows that it was founded in April 2014. It started from providing credit solutions for college students and operated microfinance products including campus loans.

In this live broadcast, Luo Min launched the benefits of "1 point of money to eat sauerkraut fish". However, after the purchase of consumers, the shelf life she received made her a little puzzled.

The consumer said that the shelf life and the shelf life displayed by the live broadcast were all 3 days, but the shelf life of the internal packaging meat was 12 months, and the production date was last month. "I don't know which is the real guarantee." She said.

In this regard, the reporter recently purchased a prefabricated dish in the "Fun Store Fresh Flagship Store" Douyin live room -steamed meat. After receiving the goods, I found that there is an outer packaging bag, which contains independent dishes, meat and seasoning bags.

The reporter also found that there were multiple shelf life problems purchased by the products they purchased. Among them, the shelf life of the pink steamed meat is 3 days, the shelf life of the "sweet potato" is 4 days, and the shelf life of the "pork belly" is 12 months.

"Fun Store" purchases the product inside and out of the product inconsistency (Photo by Guo Jiali, CCTV)

For why there are 3 different shelf life, the store's online customer service explains that the shelf life of the dishes is 3 days after the production date of 0 ~ 4 ℃. The green onion ginger and garlic bags are fresh products, which are produced, washed, and cut in real time before shipping, but it is not recommended to freeze for too long to avoid freezing. It is recommended to eat it as soon as possible after receiving it.

Chen Yinjiang, deputy secretary -general of the Consumer Rights Protection Law Research Association of the Chinese Law Society, said that the prefabricated period of prefabricated dishes is related to factors such as dishes, production technology, and whether there are food additives. However, the shelf life is labeled for 3 days on the outer packaging, and the internal packaging is labeled for 12 months. This is inaccurate and it is easy to mislead consumers.

He believes that if the shelf life is only 3 days, consumers will think that food composition is more natural; but if it is a 12 -month shelf life, food additives may be added. If consumers may not be purchased in advance. Therefore, this labeling is suspected of infringing consumers' knowledge and options.

What is the prefabricated dish by the hotel?

Not only online, offline restaurants also ignore consumers' right to know.

A Ms. Wang in Beijing told reporters that she had ordered a "big plate chicken" in a restaurant and served in 3 minutes. At the moment, she realized that it might be prefabricated. "I go to the restaurant for dinner, I hope to eat fresh and fried dishes, otherwise it is better to cook at home."

In fact, it is a common phenomenon to eat prefabricated dishes.

A recent survey conducted by the Jiangsu Provincial Consumer Protection Commission shows that 74%of the interviewed consumers do not know that they may eat prefabricated dishes, and 87%of the respondents are unwilling to eat prefabricated dishes in takeaway and restaurants. As high as 93%of interviewees believed that the merchants should notify the prefabricated dishes before ordering.

Zhu Danpeng said that the higher the restore, the easier it is to make prefabricated dishes. For example, Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine. This kind of dishes with heavy flavors and large amounts are ideal prefabricated dishes.

Recently, the reporter came to a restaurant featuring a "fish head" in Beijing. The reporter asked about the meal time of dishes such as "fish head" and "bamboo forest chicken". The waiter of the shop said that it can be served in 20 minutes. These are semi -finished products that are made in the morning. Just process it.

"Catering operators use prefabricated dishes in church food and takeaway that they have not told consumers in advance. Suspected fraud consumers have infringed on consumers' right to know and choose." Said Li Baolian, partner of Beijing Jingshi Law Firm.

She said that in accordance with the "Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", operators provide consumers with information such as the quality of goods or services to consumers, and they should be true and comprehensive, and they must not be promoted by false or misunderstandings. If the operator provides fraudulent behaviors for goods or services, the loss of compensation should be increased according to the requirements of the consumer, and the amount of compensation should be increased to the price of the consumer to purchase goods or the cost of receiving services; the amount of compensation is less than five For 100 yuan, it is 500 yuan. According to a survey by the China Hotel Association, more than 74%of domestic chain brands in China have their own central kitchen. According to data from the Foresight Research Institute, the central kitchen has the completion of food products or semi -finished products in the central kitchen to ensure that the dishes are fresh and reduce the purchase and distribution costs, which can reduce about 70%of employees and save 30%of distribution costs.

An industry insider said that prefabricated dishes are actually a way for catering companies to reduce costs and increase efficiency. At present, many businesses in the catering industry are facing the dilemma of "three highs and one low" with high rent, high labor costs, high raw material purchase costs, and low profits.

High profit attraction book end

In the past, prefabricated dishes were more oriented to catering companies, and the epidemic reduced the development of food in foreign countries, as well as the development of "lazy economy" and "home economy". Some prefabricated dishes were also for family and individual consumers.

The prefabricated vegetable industry also ushered in the period of golden growth. According to the company's investigation data, as of January 27, 2022, my country's prefabricated dishes have reached 68,100. Tens of thousands of more than two years ago.

Liang Yongzhen, vice president of the National Lianlian Aquatic Products Group, said that the current concentration in the industry is low, and participants in various tracks work together to make a big consumer market in healthy competition. space.

Prefabricated dishes are not new. In the initial period, on the B -end, the upgrade of the catering supply chain was the main path, and a number of suppliers specializing in the development, production and batch sales of prefabricated dishes were born.

It is not the same as the B -end market effectively reduces the operating costs of the catering industry. In the face of consumers' semi -finished vegetables, there is more room for premium, so the profit is higher.

A research report of Guohai Securities shows that compared with ordinary vegetables (wool vegetables), slices and shredded vacuum packaging appear with a large number of processing links and costs before the shelves. It is 2 to 3 times more expensive than ordinary vegetables. Even if it is calculated at the end of the dishes, it is generally 30%to 50%higher.

"The upstream and downstream of the prefabricated vegetable track is extremely scattered, the gross profit margin reaches more than 50%, and the price difference between the upstream and downstream is very large." Su Wei, an investor in Qingsong Capital.

Liang Yongzhen believes that at present, the early period of the C -side outbreak, the development of new channels such as e -commerce and community group purchase has brought about profit space for each subdivided track and provided opportunities for emerging brands. They all have layout value.

Prefabricated dishes have also become a new track for investors and entrepreneurs. Data show that in 2020 and 2021, a total of 23 investment and financing incidents related to prefabricated dishes occurred. In 2021, the financing amount of prefabricated vegetable tracks accounted for 32.63%of the financing amount of the catering industry.

The Guohai Securities Institute estimates in its research report that with the development of China's prefabricated vegetable industry, in the long run, this industry is expected to achieve a scale of more than 3 trillion yuan; and within 6 to 7 years, it may grow to trillion dollars to trillion yuan. Grade market.

However, Zhu Danpeng believes that the prefabricated vegetable market now has three "players": professional, semi -professional, and non -professional types. The industry has not yet established unified standards. Many companies have insufficient investment in product research and development and product process optimization.

Industry standards urgently need to be introduced

Under the blessing of capital, the prefabricated vegetable tracks have advanced all the way, and all kinds of doubts follow.

"You can eat a prefabricated dish for sauerkraut fish than you make, but the price is not much cheaper than the takeaway, and the taste is average. You have to fire, cook, and wash the dishes yourself. It is better to go outside." Consumers Mr. Li said that he was more stable and the meat was not fresh and expired.

In February of this year, the "Prefabrication Consumption Survey Report" issued by the Jiangsu Provincial Consumer Protection Commission showed that 62.32%of consumers said that "the taste of prefabricated dishes is average", and 3.32%of consumers feel that "the prefabricated dishes are poor and not delicious" Essence

In addition to taste, consumers also question the price, amount and health of prefabricated dishes.

The co -director, researcher Pan, and Lin of the International Joint Business School of Zhejiang University's International Commerce Business School believes that in the context of the diversified prefabricated dishes, the lack of standard settings for prefabricated dishes, such as the number of bacteria, protein content, etc., so it is necessary to be right. Prefabricated dishes formulate standards, and then regularly spot inspection. Only by formulating rules can the healthy, long -term and orderly development of the prefabricated vegetable industry.

In fact, some local governments and industry associations have successively introduced relevant norms. On June 2, 2022, the China Culinary Association Group Standard Conference was held in Beijing. The meeting was released at the meeting. Among them, the "Pre -Made" group standards are jointly formulated by the representatives of many institutions such as the United Nations of the United Nations of the Chinese Culinary Association and the heads of head catering companies. The standard clearly specifies the prefabricated dishes definition, raw and auxiliary materials, labels, packaging, storage requirements, etc. in the catering consumption scenario, and clearly divides the prefabricated dishes into three categories: icon/hot prefabricated dishes, cooking prefabricated dishes and prefabricated net dishes.

In July of this year, some media learned that Guangdong also took the lead in formulating the "Prefabricated Dispeling Terms and Classification Requirements", "Cantonese cuisine prefabricated dishes packaging", "Prefabricated Cold Chain Delivery Specifications", "Prefabricated Sensory Official Evaluation Specifications"Five prefabricated local standards for the Construction Guide of the Vegetable Industrial Park.Zhu Danpeng believes that after the standard of prefabricated dishes in Guangdong Province, other provinces and regions also introduced some guidelines accordingly, which has a certain blessing for the healthy and orderly development of the entire industry.From a longer -term perspective, the mandatory national standards of prefabricated dishes should be introduced as soon as possible.

Source: Yangguang.com

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