Improve the quality of employment with the digital economy

Employment is the largest livelihood project. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized that it adheres to employment strategies and active employment policies to achieve higher quality and more full employment. The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" outline clearly proposes to improve the promotion mechanism that is conducive to more and more high -quality employment, expand employment capacity, enhance employment quality, and relieve structural employment contradictions. The "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Employment Promotion Plan "also pointed out that it adheres to the employment orientation of economic development, continuously expand employment capacity, and promote the formation of a virtuous circle of high -quality development and employment expansion and improvement. To achieve the overall stability and higher quality employment of employment, it reflects the people -centered development ideas, which not only helps to increase residents' income, enhance the people's sense of gain and happiness, but also help improve the uneven distribution of income. Furthermore Reduce the gap between urban and rural income and promote common prosperity.

Although the global economic growth rate has slowed down and the impact of the new crown pneumonia's epidemic has caused my country's economy to face downward pressure, the rapid development of the digital economy has laid a good foundation for full employment and high -quality employment. According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2020, my country has built the largest fiber optic network and 4G network in the world. The Internet penetration rate is as high as 70.4%. Essence The digital economy has become the most dynamic and development potential economic form in China today. Digital industrialization, industrial digitalization, digital governance, and data value "Fourizations" coordinated together, which not only accelerated the digital transformation of various industries, but also created more to create more. Employment space and employment opportunities, radiation and drive the economic and social development of various regions. Therefore, grasping the development trend of the digital economy and giving full play to the role of the digital economy in promoting employment and improving the quality of employment, it is of great significance for my country to achieve high -quality economic development.

Digital economy helps higher quality employment

With the rapid development of the digital economy, the scale of employment of the digital economy has continued to expand, and it has continuously spawned new employment forms and flexible employment methods, which also makes my country's labor market show strong employment toughness. The digital economy plays an important role in optimizing employment structure, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, cultivating new employment, and opening up new employment space, and effectively improves the quality of employment.

First, the development of the digital economy is conducive to optimizing the employment structure. The innovation and development of digital technology brings changes in industrial structure and employment structure. On the one hand, digital technology and services accelerate the integration and penetration of traditional industries, and the focus of the industrial structure has gradually shifted to the tertiary industry. The first and secondary industries transferred to the tertiary industry. The proportion of employment in the tertiary industry continued to rise, and the jobization trend of labor employment structure services was obvious. On the other hand, with the acceleration of digital transformation and production efficiency of enterprises, the replacement of machinery for labor has led to the decline in the demand for low -skilled labor for traditional labor -intensive enterprises, but the platform economy provides employment opportunities, so that these low -skilled labor force flows to the direction. E -commerce such as e -commerce not only optimizes the original employment structure, but also improves the quality of employment to a certain extent.

Second, the development of the digital economy promotes innovation and entrepreneurship. The booming development of the digital economy and the development of platform enterprises, as well as the rise of new generation of information technology such as cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, setting off a wave of popular public entrepreneurship and innovation. The development of support and entrepreneurial guarantees, small loans and other financial businesses have greatly reduced the threshold for innovation and entrepreneurship. New companies based on new technologies, new products, new models, and new formats have continued to emerge. In the segments such as Internet technology, some start -ups broke through the restraint of the traditional business model through digital technology, created a new business model, realized the rapid value -added of its own value, and expanded my country's overall employment scale while promoting employment Improve quality.

Third, the development of the digital economy is conducive to cultivating new employment. The digital economy broke the boundaries of time and space, formed a new employment form, and created a new occupation of industrial Internet engineering technical personnel, intelligent manufacturing engineering and technical personnel, etc., which is closely related to the development of the digital industry and obtained "official certification". The digital economy employment The scale is also expanding. At the same time, the investment in new technologies has greatly improved production efficiency, and the increase in product market demand has also increased the labor demand of enterprises. In addition, the development of new business and new models such as cross -border e -commerce, digital inclusive finance, etc., continuously expand employment space and release employment vitality, especially small programs, online payment, smart retail tools, and high -efficiency collaborative logistics networks, etc. Digital ecology has brought new employment opportunities to key employment assistants, and employment in the digital economy has achieved steady growth.

Fourth, the development of the digital economy is conducive to opening a new space for employment. Population aging has become an important issue facing many countries. The seventh national census data shows that the proportion of population in China at the age of 60 and above has reached 18.7%. The digital economy has opened up a new space for employment for the elderly group. Its flexible characteristics break through the work restrictions of factors such as age and region, so that a large number of employment opportunities have flooded to this group, revitalized the elderly human resources, improved the elderly and the elderly. Labor participation rate. The excavation of new consumer demand has continuously emerged for new employment forms. More elderly people can flexibly choose an emerging digital occupation born in response to the development of the digital economy. Real -employment after retirement will not only help improve the living standards of the elderly, but also can also be able to improve the living standards of the elderly. Drive the improvement of my country's overall employment quality. Multiple measures to play the role of new business protection employment employment

In the short term, the digital economy will have an alternative effect on traditional industries and reduce the employment of traditional industries. However, in the long run, the progress of digital technology will promote the digital change of traditional industries, increase the demand for high -skilled workers, and thus generate more high -quality employment opportunities. At the same time, the platform economy and sharing economy accompanied by the development of the digital economy are also constantly leaving new models and new models, creating a large number of employment positions. Employment difficulties such as migrant workers and difficult groups. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a variety of measures to accelerate the development of the digital economy and give full play to the improvement of the employment quality of the digital economy.

First, improve the construction of digital infrastructure and accelerate the layout of new infrastructure. Digital technology drives industrial development and department connection, and continues to promote the construction of new infrastructure such as data centers, 5G networks, the Internet of Things, and satellite Internet, accelerate the infiltration of digital technology and the real economy, fully release digital productivity, improve my country's overall development of the digital economy in China Level. Give full play to the advantages of the digital economy platform, continuously optimize the digital business environment, and rely on the optimization layout and transparent, fair, and efficient government service system of new infrastructure, to the greatest extent to solve employment and entrepreneurship obstacles, and play the role of the digital economy to fully absorb employment employment. And potential, create more employment opportunities in the digital economy field, and simultaneously achieve stable growth and employment.

Secondly, promote the digital transformation of the industry and promote the upgrading of the employment structure through optimizing the industrial structure. To build digital China and promote the digital transformation of the industry. First, it is necessary to cultivate new formats in the digital economy, focus on intelligent manufacturing, intelligent transportation, smart energy and other fields, improve the construction of digital supply chain, accelerate the pace of manufacturing transformation and upgrading, and thus build a number of digitalization Transformed benchmarking enterprises. The second is to actively build an industrial big data platform to cultivate an industrial ecology that is conducive to the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, accelerate the coordinated development of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, and spawn more new employment forms. The third is to encourage traditional manufacturing enterprises to transform through digitalization to the productive service industry, and use the "Internet + Employment" model to play the employment absorption capacity of the service industry, and achieve the upgrading of the employment structure and the improvement of the quality of employment.

Third, accelerate the construction of a digital economic talent training system and comprehensively improve the level of digital skills of workers. Attach importance to the introduction and cultivation of digital talents, improve the digital skills vocational education training system, and develop and expand the talent team of emerging professional groups. On the one hand, carry out pilots to set up digital economy disciplines in colleges and universities, consolidate the foundation of the digital economy professionals, strengthen the development of key core technology of the digital economy, and promote the cooperative development of technology output and transformation applications, so that digital technology better integrates with traditional industries , Give birth to new economic formats and models. On the other hand, various flexible policies and measures are introduced to attract talents and encourage innovation, realize the matching and self -sufficiency of core technologies and professional talents, and strengthen digital skills education and training services, effectively improve the level of digital skills of workers, and achieve high -quality employment.

Finally, continue to improve the social security system and expand the coverage of social security. In the digital economic environment, the form of employment is more flexible and diverse. The new positions are changing with each passing day. Many positions show short -term and strong liquidity characteristics, which greatly increases the difficulty of employment guarantee. At the same time, my country's current employment services and social security systems are not perfect. Basic social security and policy subsidies cannot be completely covered, and the provisions and content related to labor contracts need to be updated and improved. This requires clarifying the responsibility for labor protection for platform enterprises and start -up enterprises, encouraging new employment groups to actively participate in insurance, but also adjust relevant institutional rules and platform algorithms in a timely manner, effectively expand social security coverage, and maximize the labor rights and interests of digital economy practitioners. , Give full play to the role of "storage pool" and "stabilizer" for new formats.

(Author unit: Zhengzhou University Business School)

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Sun Jian Cao Yunchun

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