"As long as you work hard, you can succeed?"Why is the so -called American dream a trap of superior performance?

In 2019, a serious case of enrollment in the United States broke out. After the incident was disclosed, all sectors of the United States condemned and expressed anger, condemning them to destroy the fair and fair competitive environment. But Yale University Professor Daniel Makovitz pointed out in the "Trap of the Excellent Performance System" that although people's condemnation is legitimate, they do not touch the core and essence of the problem. People condemned someone to destroy the rules of the game, but few people realized that the rules of the game were a trap in itself.

What is the "superior performance system"? The premium system is actually a social evaluation mechanism, and it is also a principle of social distribution. Under this mechanism, "excellent" people should be rewarded, of course, the excellent here includes many aspects. We often say that "selection of best admission" and "more capable people can get more", which is a preferential system. According to the student test results, the company is selected for admission. The company rewards and distribute resources according to performance. To be more extensive, social and economy rewards are determined in accordance with their talents, efforts, and achievement. reasonable.

For example, Apple's founder JK Rowling, the author of Harry Potter, has huge wealth, and most people should think that this is what they deserve. After all, Jobs changed an industry and redefined smartphones, and JK Rowling's "Harry Potter" series also brought good memories to countless "Harbin fans" worldwide. This is the social value they created. It is also their "superiority". Therefore, we will think that they are worthy of huge wealth and extensive reputation.

What are the problems with the preference? Let's first answer the consequences of the excellent performance system. Sander pointed out that the social class of the United States today is solidified, the liquidity of the class has decreased, the American dream has become a joke, and even an elite hereditary system. In addition, the gap between the rich and the poor of the U.S. elite and the middle and lower classes has continued to expand, which has further led to tearing and confrontation between the elite and the middle and lower class people. In short, behind these political, economic, and cultural issues, the superiority system or superiority played a vital role. Maybe you feel a bit exaggerated. Next, let's see how Sandel demonstrated.

Sander mainly analyzes the profound impact of superiority on Western society in three aspects in "Political, Education and Work, and three aspects. How does this impact start? Today, let's talk about the first impact of the excellent performance system, that is: distinguish the winners and losers.

The superiority system divided the dividing line of winners and losers, and gave different labels. The winner became a successful person, and the loser became the loser. Then, the superiority of the supremacy has given the successful people with the moral legitimacy and superiority, which leads to the pride of the elite class represented by the successful person; on the contrary, the winner, the success of the successful and elite under the superiority of the superior performance supremacy mechanism The arrogance of arrogance has aggravated the humiliation of the loser, which has led to the tears and confrontation of the elite class and ordinary people.

That winner and elites are arrogant because of their own success. Here is a core concept of "superiority supremacy": that is, they have strengthened the relationship between personal efforts and success. This is actually the core idea of ​​the so -called "American Dream". The core belief of the American dream is that no matter what a person's starting point is, you can achieve class leaps and wealth freedom through your own efforts and struggle. This typical "American Dream" is packaged by American politicians into a slogan: as long as you work hard, you can succeed.

Obama used this sentence more than 140 times in his speech and public statement during his term. Americans believe that as long as they work hard and make their talents, anyone can make ahead, but this belief is no longer in line with social reality. In the United States, only 5%of people born in 20%of families with the lowest income can enter the ranks of 10%of the highest income, and most people can even become middle -class. The cruel reality is that Americans born in poor families often have been poverty after adulthood.

The superior performance system divides the successful people and the loser, and strengthen the relationship between efforts and success. It made the successful elite think that his success was because of his personal efforts, and the failure of the loser was caused by his own efforts and incompetence. Elite and winners believe that they have succeeded with their talents and efforts, and their success is morally justified. At the same time, under the influence of this mentality, the loser will also tend to believe that failure is from its own incompetence and no effort to pursue success.

Therefore, under the influence of the excellent performance system, not only the relationship between efforts and success, but more importantly, this connection is also given moral and emotional prejudice. Those who succeed under the principle of superiority are prone to generate. The arrogant emotions; at the same time, it also brings humiliation and resentment to the loser. Because people believe that their destiny is created by themselves, the consequences of their choices are completely borne by themselves.

In other words, everyone's success and failure are caused by themselves, and the importance of ignoring personal talents, opportunities for the times, and helping others has weakened the elites to settle in sympathy, understand and help losers and losers. Will. Furthermore, the first thinking of this superiority has eroded the common goodness of society and also eroded the emotional bond between people. In short, under the principle of superiority supremacy, the arrogance of the successful person and the humiliation of the loser also caused the successful and resentment emotions to the successful and the loser. The driving force for the rise of populism. As Sander said that the pride of the elite is reflected that successful people tend to be too indulged in their success, and do not remember the timing of helping them to succeed. Those who boarded their peaks believed that their success was their deserves, and those who lived at the bottom were blame by themselves.

The excellent performance system distinguishes winners and losers, successful and losers, and gives them moral and emotional prejudice. This prejudice is also deeply reflected in the field of politics, education and work. Share the issue of elite politics under the principles of superior performance.

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