Why is this ancient engineering miracle, why is it more and more important today

The Grand Canal is brought to the coastal cities, bringing a new "air outlet"

"It should be Tianjiao's opening of the water, and there is no mountain in more than a thousand miles." This is the poem Polar Po Ri Xiu describing the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal in "Luo River Huaigu".

The Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal is the giant artificial canal project that continues to be completed in the first half of the 20th century BC to the first half of the 20th century. The total length is about 3100 kilometers.

Since more than 2500 years ago, Wu Wangfu has been cut off the gap and shoves the first puppet for the millennium canal.

In April of this year, the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal achieved the first full -line water in the past century. The ancient canal that "communicated north and south and penetrated ancient and modern" ushered in the century recovery.

On June 24, the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal Beijing section and Hebei section jointly held the Beijing -Hebei cruise navigation ceremony. The Grand Canal Beijing -Hebei section achieves interconnection trials at 62 kilometers throughout the line.

Many industry experts have analyzed that the Grand Canal, which runs north and south, is becoming more and more important for China today. In the context of the "dual cycle", the Grand Canal will be the development of China's transportation and the overall economy. Pen.

The Suzhou section of the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal. Figure/Figure insect creativity

The meaning is far more than shipping

When the Grand Canal, which is through the entire line, it is a matter of concern to the entire line of navigation. The reality is actually very complicated. Huang Jie, executive deputy dean of the China Grand Canal Research Institute of Yangzhou University, told China News Weekly that the Grand Canal is currently only traffic through the entire line, and there is still a certain distance from the entire line of navigation that everyone is generally recognized.

The Ministry of Water Conservancy pointed out in the official document that it is necessary to strive for the continuous extension of water through the water, which shows that even if the Grand Canal is full of water, it is also facing difficulties during the dry period.

"For example, the current Grand Canal Beijing to Hebei is navigation, but it can only be called tourism navigation. If the freight is to be achieved, the water volume is not enough." Huang Jie told China News Weekly.

So, the meaning of the entire line of water cannot be achieved throughout the line. Is the significance of water throughout the Grand Canal?

From the perspective of many industry experts, the meaning of water throughout the Grand Canal is far more than shipping.

Huang Jie analyzed that from the national level, the problem of water shortage in North China and the Shandong Peninsula was very serious. In the past, the broken navigation river north of the Yellow River of the Grand Canal had a harsh ecological environment, and even became a sewage river and garbage river. Now because of water, the state has comprehensive governance of these river channels, and the ecological environment along the entire line has been significantly improved.

In addition to the restoration of the river, the water throughout the Grand Canal provides conditions for navigation that may usher in the northern section in the future.

"At least in the future, when we build a large -scale project, we will reserve a certain space for potential channels as potential channels."

It is worth noting that there are indeed some difficulties in the north of Shandong, but the relevant projects are not unable to complete.

Feng Xuejun told China News Weekly that the issue of "wearing yellow" has always been one of the important issues that affect the north of the Yellow River.

"After the Grand Canal arrives in Shandong, go north to cross the Yellow River. However, the Yellow River is a hanging river, which is more than ten meters higher than the ground. It is not easy to solve the problem of" wearing yellow ', but now there are engineering methods to solve it. There will be more and more Grand Canal sections to achieve navigation. "Feng Xuejun said.

Even though the Grand Canal is not yet available in the entire line, in the eyes of many industry experts, the section of the Grand Canal that has been navigable is ushered in the new air outlet of shipping -inland shipping containerization.

From the perspective of Feng Xuejun, in recent years, the inland containerization with the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal as the backbone will usher in a very rapid development, because it has reached nodes from quantitative to qualitative change.

The coastal cities will welcome the new "wind outlet"

According to data from the Ministry of Communications, in 2020, the total logistics cost of the whole society accounted for GDP, which had fallen to 14.7%, a decrease of 3.3 percentage points compared to 2012. However, compared with developed countries, the cost of social logistics in my country is still high.

It is understood that the proportion of total social logistics costs in GDP is one of the most important indicators to measure the most important logistics efficiency in a country. In this proportion, the United States is 8%, Japan is 11%, and the average Southeast Asian countries are 27%.

Feng Xuejun told China News Weekly that one of the important reasons for the high domestic logistics costs is that road transportation accounts for too much in transportation.

"Domestic transportation is a systematic problem. The Ministry of Transport has recently insisted on changing the transportation method and strived to transfer the cargo transported on the road long -distance transportation to railway and water transportation. This has given local governments and related enterprises a lot of confidence in confidence . "Feng Xuejun believes that behind this strategy is not only the inherent requirements of the national transportation power, but also in line with the country's double carbon strategy.

Compared with highway transportation, water transportation is a cheaper way of transportation, especially for large transportation goods.

The Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal only relies on the transportation volume of about 800 kilometers south of Weishan Lake from Shandong, and has become the fourth river in the world in the world. The shipping river is about 100 million tons.

The Yangzhou section of the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal. Figure/Figure insect creativity

However, in fact, the proportion of Chinese water transportation has the potential to further increase. At present, the reason why water transportation is relatively low is mainly because many river sections have certain structural contradictions. The Grand Canal is a typical case.

Huang Jie told China News Weekly that although the Grand Canal's Shandong Jining to Hangzhou section is an extremely important shipping channel in the country, there are still certain problems. It is one of the key one. "In fact, bulk vessels are only suitable for primary products such as coal and sand. Many key goods are very unsuitable for bulk shipping because it is not safe. For example, some parts of machinery and equipment are not possible. Companies along the coastal cities, even close to the canal, are still preferred by transportation. "Huang Jie admitted.

However, from the perspective of experts, under multiple favorable, inland container shipping in cities along the Grand Canal began to "take off".

"Suzhou Baiyang Bay is a pure inland container port area. It has not been opened for a long time, and it is now extremely busy." Feng Xuejun gave an example.

It is understood that Suzhou Baiyangwan Wharf is promoting the construction of a modern container smart terminal, becoming the largest inland container operating area of ​​the Grand Canal.

"Water transport itself is the cheapest, and the volume is the largest. The Yangtze River Delta region is one of the busiest areas of the country's busiest. The development of container shipping on the Grand Canal has enhanced industrial competitiveness for Suzhou, a city with a manufacturing industry. Very important. "Huang Jie analyzed.

There are Wuxi who grow rapidly. From January to June this year, the transportation volume of the Xin'an Port Waterway Container in the Grand Canal container in Wuxi increased by 32.5%year-on-year, and in May, it increased by 118.92%year-on-year.

The inland container air outlet brought by this also gives some hope for the transformation of some cities along the line, and Jining, Shandong is one of the representatives.

Jining, Shandong is a typical resource -based city. Taking the well-known Anju Coal Mine in Jining as an example, the coal seams have been dug-1300 meters, which belongs to the coal mine over a thousand meters of shock, and the mining cost is extremely high. In addition, Anju Coal Mine has been close to the new urban area. From the perspective of urban development, it needs to be transformed.

According to the planning of Jining Energy Development Group, which belongs to Anju Coal Mine, it will be shut down after 2 years, and some employees need to be transferred on the spot.

Anju coal mine is actually a microcosm of many coal mines in Jining. In the next two or three decades, Jining's coal mines will be exhausted one after another.

However, in Jining, many employment population is closely related to coal, such as more than 10,000 coal mine workers of Jining Energy Development Group alone. With the gradual depletion of resources, whether it is the local economy or these coal mine workers, where should I go?

In the transitional gate, Jining will set up Hong Kong Airlines Group to the hands of Jining Energy Development Group.

With Jining Energy as the main body, in May 2020, Jining Port Air Development Group was formally established, with the goal of building the largest inland shipping center in the north. As of the end of 2021, Jining Port Air Development Group has integrated three ports in Jining, with cargo throughput of 33 million tons/year.

The port port of inland container has become the key to this transformation of Jining.

At present, Jiju Port in Jining has become the first container loading and unloading professional port in the Shandong section of the Beijing -Hangzhou Canal.

Long Gong Port is located on the tributary of the Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal, the Long Gong River, and only 10 minutes' drive from Anju Coal Mine. The channel here is spacious, with a depth of four to five meters, which is very suitable for ports. Jining plans to build a multi -type container terminal here in 2022.

"Tongjiang Dahai" has a huge potential

"The container rotation class is very similar to the bus line. As the line is fixed, more and more freight demand will choose to transport container transportation." When it comes to the huge potential of the Grand Canal container, the analysis of Feng Xuejun.

He said the comprehensive cost of container inland transportation was equivalent to one -third of highway transportation.

The low cost has made more and more companies along the line began to pay attention to inland container shipping.

In Huang Jie's view, the Universal Canal Shipping and the Yangtze River transportation and maritime transportation to form a more efficient operating system are very important for the potential of the Grand Canal's water transportation.

The new development pattern of the "double cycle" of the Chinese economy has also placed the Grand Canal Shipping in an increasingly critical position.

"In the past, the Chinese economy used to be export -oriented, and the manufacturing center was mostly on the southeast coast. Therefore, the main model of shipping was that goods in coastal areas were transported to all parts of the world through maritime containers. In the following, economic communication between inland areas and coastal areas has become more and more frequent, and the volume of freight has risen rapidly. "Feng Xuejun analyzed.

More and more cities along the Grand Canal have begun to use such a change to make container shipping for "Tongjiang Dahai".

For example, in September 2021, Liangshan Port in Jining opened a custom container route of Jining to Wuhan, Taicang (Shanghai), Nanjing, Huai'an, and Lianyungang.

"Since the transformation of the inland shipping container has become a trend, more and more cities along the Yangtze River and cities along the Grand Canal have begun to discuss the" Jianghe Lianyun "solution. He went to Wuhan many times to discuss the 'rivers and rivers of the Yangtze River and the Grand Canal. "Feng Xuejun revealed.

Not only the Yangtze River, in recent years, the linkage between the Grand Canal and the port of the coast has also been deepening.

Taking Wuxi as an example, according to estimates, before and after the rectification of Wuxi in the Beijing -Hangzhou Canal, shipping contribution to GDP increased from 4%to 6.9%. The increase in river levels and capacity has created more powerful conditions for the above -mentioned "Dahai".

"We are planning to build a 124TEU river transport ship that can drive directly from the inland rivers to Yangshan Port. It can be transported by the container through the container to reduce the cost of import and export logistics of the enterprise, and it also reduces carbon emissions." Wuxi Suhua International International International. Shen Qinan, the operating department of the container terminal Co., Ltd., said. In the eyes of many industries, the "Tongjiang Dahai" of the Grand Canal still has a small potential to dig.

For example, although Suzhou is densely distributed, in addition to the Southern Southern Canal of the Beijing -Hangzhou Canal Road, which is the 3rd channel, other sidelines connected to the Yangtze River are low, even level 6 and 7 Class channel. According to the current standards, the average tonnage of the ship passed by Jiangsu is more than 400 tons, and there are few ships with level 6 and 7 channels.

"There is an orderly Yuhe River in the handover of Suzhou and Wuxi, which is directly connected to the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake. If it is successfully planned and built into a third -level channel, it will form a better" rivers and river joint transport 'joint transportation conditions. , Will show greater help, "Feng Xuejun said.

Author: Zhao Yue ([email protected])

Edit: Sun Xiaobo

Operation editor: Xiao Ran

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